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Priestley's political message in an inspector calls
Priestley's political message in an inspector calls
Social class in the Victorian era
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An Inspector Calls was written in 1945 but is set in 1912. In between 1912 and 1945, many major events occurred. World War one past, lasting four years starting in 1914 and finishing in 1918. Then World War two approached in 1939 then finished in 1945. The Titanic was a huge event as it was an enormous boat and was “unsinkable;” Until it sank on its maiden voyage from Southampton to New York in 1916. The Russian Revolution took place in 1917; The USSR revolution showed how ordinary people could revolt and take over a country. There was a general strike which came about in 1926, 3rd May to 13th May. Priestley is attacking the social structure of Britain. In 1912, they had three groups to separate people; they consisted of the upper class who were the highest on the social ladder. They were people who did not earn the money they possessed. They inherited the money from there past relatives. Below them, were the middle class. They owned the factories and controlled their lives thinking of the money, Priestley disliked the middle class as they were self centred; only taking care of themselves. At the bottom end of the social structure, were the working class, Who got paid wages from the factories that were owned by the middle class “individuals.” The working class did not get the “respect” which the upper class received. J.B Priestley was a socialist and believed that everyone should look after each other and be a community. Priestley’s aim is to show the audience how being self centred and arrogant leads to trouble and that there is a better way of improving the life of others. Many of the audience will be middle class people. They may see some of themselves in the characters. The audience knew what was going to happen in ... ... middle of paper ... ... that her father sacked Eva like she did. Sheila is sickened at her father but sympathetic for Eva. “These girls aren’t cheap labour, they’re people.” This quote of Sheila shows that she cares and finds that Birling is treating her like an object not a human being. This quote makes her a hypocrite as she had done the same thing. She talks to her father in a shocked manner finding that she got her sacked at Millwood’s. Her feelings turn to sympathy. “If I could help her now – I would.” At the end of the play; Sheila shows the audience that she has changed when she speaks to her parents. “It frightens me the way you talk.” Sheila starts to get worried because she is uncomfortable about knowing that she was involved in what her parents have done. “I want to get out of this… fire and blood – and – anguish.” She wishes she could go back and change what she has done.
Discuss Priestley's depiction of the Birling household and Gerald Croft, prior to the arrival of Inspector Goole In this submission I hope to fully discuss Priestley's depiction of the Birling household and Gerald Croft, prior to the arrival of Inspector Goole. The play is set in the fictional town of Brumley, an industrial town in the North Midlands. It is evening in the town, in the spring of 1912. At the moment the play starts the characters are celebrating the engagement between Gerald Croft and the Birling family's only daughter Sheila. They are all very pleased with themselves and are enjoying the occasion.
How Priestly Uses the Characters to Represent His Own Views on Society The play "An Inspector Calls" is set in 1912 but was written in 1945. Edwardian society at that time (1912) was strictly divided into social classes and over two-thirds of the nation's wealth was in the hands of less than 1% of the population. Below the very rich were the middle classes (doctors and merchants, shop workers and clerks), after that came the craftsmen and skilled workers. At the very bottom of the social ladder was the largest class of all - the ordinary workers and the poor, many of whom lived below the poverty level. The men of industry treated the workers very badly and they were paid pittance.
The play is very simplistic and overtly political. It heavily features varying aspects of non-illusory theatre to semaphor Priestley's political message. When reading the play, it is important to remember that the characters are not people but caricatures Priestley employs to manipulate the reader. This combines with the artificiality of the plot to form a completely biased play, from whichever angle one looks at it. However at the time of its publication it was not so outlandish, because it upheld the New Labour government, struggling so hard to bring about its reforms and stay in favour of a people who had suffered many hardships and were now looking to more years of difficulty and discomfort.
...are lower class or upper class (‘[W]e don’t live alone. We are members of one body. We are responsible for each other.’). Priestley believed in socialism, he uses the Inspector to express his thoughts about this. This is the main message that he wanted the audience to take away.
Priestley has presented Birling as an arrogant, egotistical, right wing or capitalist man. Priestley himself was a socialist. He believes that as a society, we have to look after one another and that the government should give the unemployed people or refugees free health cares and free education. This tells us that Priestley wouldn’t make Mr. Birling look good in this story as capitalists like Mr. Birling only care about wealth. This story was set in 1912 which was before WWI and was written in 1946 which was just after the WWII. This means Priestley had lived through the two great wars, which probably had a huge impact on him. He used dramatic irony especially with regards to Mr. Birling. In the play, Mr. Birling was confident about the theories
The first impression of Arthur Birling is in the initial stage directions, when he is described as ‘a heavy looking, rather portentous man in his fifties.’ The fact that he is described as ‘heavy looking’ and ‘portentous’ suggests that he has a fairly comfortable lifestyle, and has an inflated opinion of his own importance. Priestley has done this to fit the typical man of the house during the 1910’s.
Socialism is one of the greatest messages that Priestley conveys. This message is spoken through the inspector. The Inspector represents Priestley’s strong moral views. Through the play, the Inspector’s character is shown as if he is Priestley’s image, and also shows that he is no ordinary Inspector. His character is shown as if he is more concerned with morality than legality, other than that of an ordinary Policeman/Inspector.
He uses the downfall of Eva Smith and a chain of events to demonstrate this. This leads to a very convincing and well-devised play, which puts across JB Priestley’s views clearly and precisely. In Edwardian Britain there was a great difference in the roles of men and women in society and the outlook of what and was not accepted differed substantially. A prime example of this in the play is when Mr Birling says ‘Nothing to do with you, Sheila.
The Inspector, straight form his introduction, is commanding and authoritative. Upon his entrance he creates, “…at once an impression of massiveness, solidity and purposefulness.”(PG.11) The Inspector continues to create this impression as he progresses through his speeches and through his interrogation of the family. The Inspector remains confident, sturdy and composed, while people around him crumble and fall to pieces. His ‘solidity’ is proven by the fact he remains on task despite numerous attempts from Birling to digress from the points he is making. The Inspector is told to appear ‘purposeful’; this is shown where he explains to Birling that Birlings way of thinking “Every man must only look out for himself,” is not the case, and all warps of society are interlinked. The view is best illustrated in the Inspectors final speech, where he says, “We don't live alone. We are members of one body. We are responsible for each other.”(p.56). This idea is one that Priestley, himself believed in deeply, and many of Priestleys writing shared this very theme.
One of the primary major world events that took place in this decade was World War I. This began in 1914 when Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary was assassinated. The U.S. didn’t get involved with this war, however, until 1917 and stayed involved until it’s ending in 1918. Increasing technology contributed heavily to the fatalities of this war with the inventions of deadly explosives, steel tanks, and poisonous gas (SF Timeline). This double front war for Germany was finally held at a standstill in November of 1918. A peace treaty was signed on June 28, 1919 at Versailles, France, ending the devastating four- year war in Europe. Another important world event that heavily affected the future of the world was The Bolshevik Revolution.
An Inspector Calls by J.B. Priestley as an Effective Piece Of Social Criticism As Well As An Enjoyable Theatrical Experience
He wanted to give everyone a choice. Should we go back to the way it
The character Nicholas Higgins is an example of a positive working class person during the industrial revolution. Nicholas Higgins is a strong believer that unlike the people from the north, the southerners are a “pack of spiritless, down-trodden men” (Gaskell 133). The possibility of bettering himself unlike the people from the south who don’t know when they are being “put upon” gives him a sense of strength (Gaskell 133) Nicholas takes pride in the fact that he is able to stand up for the things he believes in through striking. The old class system and its beliefs aren’t followed during the industrial revolution. When Margaret Hale attempts to “come and call upon” Nicholas Higgins’s house, he is at first confused and then allows her to visit as a friend (Gaskell 73). Nicholas’s dislike for people from the south is ignored for Margaret Hale and believes that “north and south has both met and made kind o’ friends in the big smokey place”. (Gaskell 73). The angry mob ruins the strike orchestrated by the union and Nicholas Higgins. The strike and angry mob that occurs in the novel is disastrous for Nicholas Higgins and he is unable to get his job back, instead of giving up he tries everything he can for a different job. Higgins believes that he is “sick o’ Milton” and “Milton is sick o’ [him]” when he is unable to find another job and is also looking after John Bouchers eight children. (Gaskell 306) In the beginning, Nicholas Higgins doesn’t have much respect for the factory owners but his respect for the master’s changes through his eventual friendship with John Thornton. Nicholas Higgins’s friendship with John Thornton led him to work “over-hours [one] night, unknown to anyone, to get a neglected piece of work done” because of the problems Thornton was going through (Gaskell 421).
The novel, Hard Times by Charles Dickens revolves around the central idea of English society, including the social, economical, and political issues during the mid 19th century. Fact superior to imagination is one of the main themes of this novel, apparent mainly in book one. Mr. Gradgrind raises his children to ignore their imaginations and anything that is not cold hard fact. For example, Louisa, his daughter, in particular tends to question this rationalism with her curiosity about the circus. There are countless examples in which Mr. Gradgrind bestows his “wisdom” on both his children, and students in the education system located in Coketown. The way Mr. and Mrs. Gradgrind raised their children, described by Dickens, parallels the way in which John Stuart Mill was raised by his own parents in London during the 19th century. John, similarly to Louisa, was educated with the idea that any of his own imagination or creativity was wrong. His parents would burn toys in front of him, emulating the idea that any object or concept that brings happiness is simply wrong. His father, Sir James Stuart Mill, also had a major impact on Mill’s childhood and even manhood. The majority of his infancy was centered on education, and the thought that hard-core knowledge was the solution to any conflict. During this time, his father would make him read Greek and Latin classics to ensure that he were prepared for disciplinary jobs in the future. Through this childhood of fact, and purely fact, along with a lack of moral influences instituted in his life, constituted Mill to become an advocate for utilitarianism. This theory was proposed by Jeremy Bentham who was indeed Mill’s family friend and tutor, emphasizing the idea of maximizing happiness and ...
This book includes stark criticisms of many aspects of Victorian society such as child labor and class structure. He criticizes class structure by portraying other characters’ cruelty and corruption as an impediment from Copperfield’s discovery from himself. Dickens depicts an evil character as someone who is a result of their experiences such as James Steerforth or Uriah Heep or as someone who is inherently evil such as Mr. Murdstone. Also, Dickens is able to create a contrast between the evil of these characters and the warmth and goodness characterizing the people on Copperfield’s side. By comparing their characters, Dickens further emphasizes the difference between the two sides and “provides a forum for Dickens's views of the inherent nature of evil as well as a critique of a society that enables and shapes this darker side of humanity”(Miline, 102). Dickens sheds light on the negative parts of the Victorian class sytem and how it created the people Copperfield met in his life. Dickens strengthens his position on class differences in a variety of ways. Although he displays his clear disapproval, Dickens seems “to have mixed feelings about class consciousness as he has David maintain some distance from the Peggottys, but he portrays this family with an honesty and goodness of nature that is lacking in many upper-class characters” (Miline, 94). Despite clear signs of his disapproval, Dickens refuses to entirely condemn class differences because he acknowledges that it will always exist. For example, when Copperfield becomes a gentleman, he stays slightly aloof of the Peggottys due to their class differences and Dickens’ personal experiences during his lifetime as a successful author with taste of the lifestyle of the upper