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Analysis of orientalism
Essays on orientalism
Racism and discrimination in American society
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During the second half of the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century, one million Asian people came to California and Hawaii in consecutive order. They came to America with the expectation of a much better life in parts of religious freedom, higher wages or better environment than their home countries.These push and pull factors of immigration were made during this period in Asia by Western colonial effects. Namely, European Imperialism and Colonialism made the chaotic situation in Asia, which aroused Asian people’s desire to seek new life and hope in America. However, the impact of Imperialism and Colonialism also made problematic issues brought by the idea of Orientalism.Thus, I will talk about
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As Western powers wanted to expand their strength and find economic benefits such as cheap labor, they tried to come into contacts with Asia countries. Soon after, many parts of Asia began to open their nations and got influences from Western countries. Following that, Imperialism and Colonialism also flowed into Asia. These circumstances incurred different sets of chaos and severe poverty among the five groups of Asian immigrants, so it caused a lot of push/pull factors of immigration to Hawaii and California. As such, Asian Immigration is the indirect or direct effect of Imperialism and Colonialism, so this phenomenon is one aspect of a larger historical process, called the “Expansion of Europe” (Chan, 1982, p. 42). Following this aftermath effect, the idea of Orientalism, which embodies distinction between West and East and gives delusion to Western people that they have authority over Asian people, was rooted in American people’s mind. In other words, the way Western people treated their colonial people like a slave was thought as very normal and natural and this wrong concept was literally brought to Hawaii and California. Thus, American employees justified exploitation of Asian labor because they already filled their minds with biases that Asian people are inferior, dirty and permanent foreigners who can never become American. This idea was always followed whenever and …show more content…
In the process of colonizing Asia countries, the idea, Orientalism, was developed and handed down to the American people. Naturally, social injustice and racism were formed against Asian labourers and they had to face desperate reality without any equal protection of the law. Biased perception against Asian people spread out all over the nation quickly and didn’t seem to get better for a long time. The idea of Orientalism continually influenced badly to whatever Asian workers did to realize justice and something right. Therefore, I think, as everyone people know the incident of Nazism, more people need to know and study this historical incident at this time, which was a clear violation of human rights and one of the biggest shame in America’s history. Even though Asian immigrants’ story in America was one hundred years ago, I believe there are still remaining impacts of Imperialism in somebody’s lives in America and the
This book serves as the best source of answers to those interested in questions about the origin of ethnicity and race in America. Impossible subjects is divided into seven chapters, and the first two talk about the action and practices that led to restriction, exclusion and deportation. It majorly traces back experiences of four immigrant groups which included the Filipino, Japanese, Chinese and Mexican. Ngai talks of the exclusion practices which prevented Asian entry into America and full expression of their citizenship in America. Although the American sought means of educating the Asians, they still faced the exclusion policies (Mae Ngai 18). All Asians were viewed as aliens and even those who were citizens of the USA by birth were seen as foreign due to the dominant American culture (Mae Ngai 8). Unlike the Asians, Mexicans were racially eligible to citizenship in the USA because of their language and religion. However, she argues that Mexicans still faced discrimination in the fact that entry requirements such as visa fee, tax and hygiene inspection were made so difficult for them, which prompted many Mexicans to enter into the USA illegally. Tens and thousands of Mexicans later entered into America legally and illegally to seek for employment but were seen as seasonal labor and were never encouraged to pursue American
Matsumoto studies three generations, Issei, Nisei, and Sansei living in a closely linked ethnic community. She focuses her studies in the Japanese immigration experiences during the time when many Americans were scared with the influx of immigrants from Asia. The book shows a vivid picture of how Cortex Japanese endured violence, discriminations during Anti-Asian legislation and prejudice in 1920s, the Great Depression of 1930s, and the internment of 1940s. It also shows an examination of the adjustment period after the end of World War II and their return to the home place.
Tachiki, Amy; Wong, Eddie; Odo, Franklin, eds. (1971). Roots: An Asian American Reader. University of California, Los Angeles Press.
The people of Hawaii and other Pacific Island Nation groups have experienced great injustice from their colonial powers and the acts of imperialism. Lands were seized, cultural practices banned, language lost, and people were even forced to move away from their homes for the purpose of bomb testing. The United States and other countries abroad sent out representatives to do their work for them; in return their future actions would be justified in describing the Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders as savages that need to have wider powers enforced upon them; thus resulting in a tangled web of political mythologies.
John L. Stevens came to the island of Oahu in September 1889, acting as the U.S. Minister to Hawaii. While his mission in Hawaii was not clearly stated, his political actions on the islands clearly showed that Stevens thought that the annexation of Hawaii was proper and inevitable.
Since 1840 the Hawaiian Islands have been an escape to a tropical paradise for millions of tourists. People all over the world encounter alluring, romanticized pictures of Hawai'i's lush, tropical vegetation, exotic animals, beautiful beaches, crystal clear water, and fantastical women. This is the Hawai'i tourists know. This is the Hawai’i they visit. However, this Hawai'i is a state of mind, a corporate-produced image existing on the surface. More precisely, it is an aftermath of relentless colonization of the islands' native inhabitants by the United States. These native Hawaiians experience a completely different Hawai'i from the paradise tourists enjoy. No one makes this as clear as Haunani-Kay Trask, a native Hawaiian author. In her book, From a Native Daughter: Colonialism and Sovereignty in Hawai'i and through her poetry in Light in the Crevice Never Seen, Trask provides an intimate account of the tourist industry's impact on native Hawaiian culture. She presents a negative perspective of the violence, pollution, commercial development, and cultural exploitation produced by the tourist industry. Trask unveils the cruel reality of suffering and struggling through a native Hawaiian discourse. Most of the world is unaware of this.
We’ve all heard it said that Asian Americans are good at math; anything involving science, technology, and medicine. They study all the time, work really hard, and live a version of the American dream many of us never thought to dream of. And of course, we know these stereotypes are dangerous and often untrue, but perhaps we still find ourselves buying into them. Ronald Takaki”, the ethnic studies expert, writes about the idea that Asian Americans are more successful than any other American minority group in his article “The Harmful Myth of Asian Superiority. Takaki refutes this idea by strategically, and somewhat effectively, using reason, statistics, and word choice to show that Asian Americans still face some of the same hardships and barriers
Hawaiians should have rights to their own land and not let foreigners disrupt their daily habits and life. If a foreigner takes allegiance to Hawai’i they not only have the accessibility of a citizen but also the perks that go with citizenship. Foreigners would be able to marry the women of Hawai’i while they have wives back home in their previous motherland. Foreigners that are aiding to Hawai’i can stay as aliens and be just as effective. There is no need for them to gain citizenship and take an oath of allegiance for their help. If a foreigner wants a piece a land all he needs to do is take an oath of allegiance and he is able to have a piece of land. If too many foreigners enter Hawai’i, their culture will take over. The majority will consist of the foreigners and their government will take over. Too many foreigners will cause much more damage to the native Hawaiian population. The number of full Hawaiians will decrease if foreigners continue to enter the island of Hawai’i.
Japanese immigration created the same apprehension and intolerance in the mind of the Americans as was in the case of Chinese migration to the U.S at the turn of the 19th century. They developed a fear of being overwhelmed by a people having distinct ethnicity, skin color and language that made them “inassimilable.” Hence they wanted the government to restrict Asian migration. Japan’s military victories over Russia and China reinforced this feeling that the Western world was facing what came to be known as “yellow peril”. This was reflected in the media, movies and in literature and journalism.4 Anti-Oriental public opinion gave way to several declarations and laws to restrict Japanese prosperity on American land. Despite the prejudice and ineligibility to obtain citizenship the ...
At the turn of the century the United Stated became to suffer from server upward trends of immigration, mainly from southern and eastern Europe, and Asia. As the American public became more concerned about these unwanted groups moved in greater numbers to America, the federal government under the Woodrow Wilson administrated Congress appointed Senator William Dillingham of Vermont to study the immigration question (Garraty 596). Two years later in 1909 Dillingham bought a 41- volume report that lead to the reducing the immigration in those unwanted regions (596). However this did not stop Asian emigrates from moving their families to the West Coast mainly in large cities like San Francisco and Seattle. Animosity against the Asian immigrants that in the San Francisco school board instituted a policy of segregating Asian children in a special school. Japan protested due to the fact of their hatred toward the Chinese. To keep good relations with the Japanese President Teddy Roosevelt and leaders for the Japanese made a ?
The Hawaiian Seizure The annexation of Hawaii was an important event in the history of the world. It is still not easy for the Hawaiians to accept the fact that America has taken over a land 2500 miles away from the West Coast. In 1917, Hawaii was considered the 50th state supported by the islanders after a plebiscite. Queen Lydia Kamakaeha Liliuokalani was overthrown because of the support of the United States army as well as naval forces to a group of businessmen belonging to the sugar and pineapple industry. The Armed forces of the United States were ordered to provide this support on the directives of the minister of the United States to Hawaii.
“If all of this seems long ago and far away, it is worth remembering that the past is never past.” (Faulkner cited in Ellison, P.274)
Dole refused to step aside and proclaimed the existence of a independent republic of Hawaii
The English immigrants are given a brief introduction as the first ethnic group to settle in America. The group has defined the culture and society throughout centuries of American history. The African Americans are viewed as a minority group that were introduced into the country as slaves. The author depicts the struggle endured by African Americans with special emphasis on the Civil War and the Civil Rights movement. The entry of Asian Americans evoked suspicion from other ethnic groups that started with the settlement of the Chinese. The Asian community faced several challenges such as the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, and the mistreatment of Americans of Japanese origin during World War II. The Chicanos were the largest group of Hispanic peoples to settle in the United States. They were perceived as a minority group. Initially they were inhabitants of Mexico, but after the Westward expansion found themselves being foreigners in their native land (...
Their presence also greatly influenced the existing American culture. The term Asian American arose in the 1960s. These new Asian immigrants and their children sought out to maintain their roots and cultures while embracing the American land and way of life. ( cite from http://www.cr.nps.gov/crdi/publications/Asianisms-chapter1.pdf) Asian legacies quickly began to infiltrate the American culture. Asian cuisine and medical practices had already become a part of American culture but after the lifting of quotas in 1965 these influences intensified. In cuisine there was a fusion of Asian and American characteristics. Asian fusion foods such as chop suey, egg rolls, and fortune cookies became common in America.(cite from http://www.asian-nation.org/asian-food.shtml) Asian architecture also had a great influence. Buildings, landscapes, and archeological resources began to reflect the newly strengthened cultural connections to Asia. In 1968 San Francisco State College and the University of California at Berkley were the first institutions of higher education to offer Asian American Studies courses. In 1973 the state of Hawaii was reported to have a population of over fifty percent Asians and all over the United States there were Chinatowns, Little Toykos, Korea towns, and Little Manilas. These towns were physical affirmations of the place of Asian immigrants in American society and the blending of the two. Throughout this time there was also a significant influx of African immigrants into the United States. The equal quotas and family reunification clause allowed for more and more African immigrants to enter the country. Between 1980 and 1990 there was a one hundred and eighty eight percent increase in African immigration. The numbers went from sixty four thousand African immigrants in 1980 to one hundred eighty four thousand immigrants in