Many scientists and mathematicians have been overlooked for long even though they may have had many accomplishments. Many of them have made multiple accomplishments as for others as little as one. Many of them who have made one or more accomplishments, had an achievement that affected the world’s outcome. One of these scientists and mathematicians is Alan Turing, a mathematician, cryptologist, and early computer scientist. Similar to many other scientists and or mathematicians, he underwent many obstacles, many arguments, and many unsatisfied people. Although Alan Turing was greatly overlooked in the middle of the twentieth century, his design of his machine called the Bombe helped him become an influential figure in computer science by helping …show more content…
Enigma machines were built to make coding and decoding messages easier. As explained by Andrew Hodges, a mathematician and author, “The basic principle of using an Enigma machine was that its rotors and rings and plug board would be set up in some particular way, and then the message would be encrypted, the rotors automatically stepping round as this was done,” (171). So after the initial state of the machine was decided normal by the cipher clerk, the message would be typed on a message going out into a “26 letter keyboard,” stated by William Jacobs a writer and producer, encrypting it causing the rotors to move as he typed the message (1). During this part of the process the machine encodes the message by replacing the words with random groupings of letters. An electrical signal is sent through a maze of wires and every time a key is pressed the rotating wheels turned lighting up a specific bulb showing an encrypted letter. Upon receiving the code, the decipher would need to know the machine’s initial state to be able to use the message he received in any means of communication. He would then take the encrypted code and decipher it using an Enigma Machine. Although it seemed to be a very simple process Carol Marshall, Computer Science Manager states, “… the Germans refined and improve their encryption tool so that it was used constantly throughout the war,” …show more content…
It gave a lot of knowledge of when and where the Germen troops will be. Having the idea on where Germany would be also allowed the allies to transport goods such as food and weapons from one another in a safer manner reducing the amount of goods getting destroyed. Not only did it give us an extensive amount of information about the German’s intentions, as Professor Jack Copeland proclaims, Turing’s machine helped cracked “84,000 messages” passed by the German naval troops each month averaging about “two messages per a minutes,” (2). With the amount of messages passed between the Germans and the amount decoded, it greatly helped figure out what the Germans were planning on doing. With both the knowledge and speed allowed the war to be cut about “two years saving fourteen million lives” averaging seven million per a year as explained by Morten Tyldum, the film director of The Imitation Game (1). We as America, probably would not even have the free country we now know as America. There probably would not be the amount of freedom and or diversity of the human race and religion in the United States as there are now especially with Hitler being the ruler during WWII. Although throughout his life he was overlooked and viewed poorly, breaking the Enigma Code has not only benefited the world physically, but also in thought. Years after his death, according to Bio.com, he had “been recognized
Espionage was vital in the war effort of both the allied and axis powers during World War II. Espionage can take many different forms. Deception, leaking of false information, coding and encryption of information, sabotage, and sending spies in to gather intelligence are all were all used during the war and were all effective. Many of the turning points for the allied forces occurred due to various forms of espionage and deception. Depending on which side of the fence you're sitting on, espionage was either a blessing or a curse.
The tension he was partial responsible for creating with the US, led to both countries developing new technologies. He also led to the arms race, creating a new type of warfare throughout the entire world. This war helped change the path of the world. (Arms
middle of paper ... ... On all accounts, it seems that the USA could not have won the war without the help of their Espionage. Whether it be deciphering messages, recording military movements, or finding other spies, American espionage played a major role in the defeat of Germany and their allies during World War II.
The reason I believe that the Turing test is a great test is because it not only difficult, but it allows the interrogator to think, and that is what I believe Turing looks for his test, the state of logical thought. This would prove that the machine or anything can basically think and feel. For example, If I were to be the interrogator and asked “Are you a woman?” and they both answered me “I am” I would be mentally disturbed and would have to ask new questions to find my answer, but the main point here was the fact I was mentally disturbed and that leads to emotion, which leads that if I were to figure out who was who, I would pass the test and I would have evidence that I can undoubtedly
The conditions of the present scenario are as follows: a machine, Siri*, capable of passing the Turing test, is being insulted by a 10 year old boy, whose mother is questioning the appropriateness of punishing him for his behavior. We cannot answer the mother's question without speculating as to what A.M. Turing and John Searle, two 20th century philosophers whose views on artificial intelligence are starkly contrasting, would say about this predicament. Furthermore, we must provide fair and balanced consideration for both theorists’ viewpoints because, ultimately, neither side can be “correct” in this scenario. But before we compare hypothetical opinions, we must establish operant definitions for all parties involved. The characters in this scenario are the mother, referred to as Amy; the 10 year old boy, referred to as the Son; Turing and Searle; and Siri*, a machine that will be referred to as an “it,” to avoid an unintentional bias in favor of or against personhood. Now, to formulate plausible opinions that could emerge from Turing and Searle, we simply need to remember what tenants found their respective schools of thought and apply them logically to the given conditions of this scenario.
These projects come to live in the Research division at IBM. In 2005 Paul Horn, director of the division wanted to try to create a machine able to pass the Turing Test. No machine had done it. But researchers didn’t believe that it would get the public’s attention in the way that Deep Blue had. Horn thought of another game where it would...
One of the hottest topics that modern science has been focusing on for a long time is the field of artificial intelligence, the study of intelligence in machines or, according to Minsky, “the science of making machines do things that would require intelligence if done by men”.(qtd in Copeland 1). Artificial Intelligence has a lot of applications and is used in many areas. “We often don’t notice it but AI is all around us. It is present in computer games, in the cruise control in our cars and the servers that route our email.” (BBC 1). Different goals have been set for the science of Artificial Intelligence, but according to Whitby the most mentioned idea about the goal of AI is provided by the Turing Test. This test is also called the imitation game, since it is basically a game in which a computer imitates a conversating human. In an analysis of the Turing Test I will focus on its features, its historical background and the evaluation of its validity and importance.
Alan Mathison Turing was born in Paddington, London, on June 23, 1912. He was a precocious child and began his interests in science and mathematics at a young age, but was never concerned about other right-brain classes such as English. This continued until an important friend of his passed away and set Turing on a path to achieve what his friend could no longer accomplish. When his friend Christopher Morcom died, Turing was launched into thoughts in physics about the physical mind being embodied in matter and whether quantum-mechanical theory affects the traditional problem of mind and matter. Many say today that this was the beginnings of Turing’s Turning Machine and the test still used today for artificial intelligence, the Turing Test.
The history of computers is an amazing story filled with interesting statistics. “The first computer was invented by a man named Konrad Zuse. He was a German construction engineer, and he used the machine mainly for mathematic calculations and repetition” (Bellis, Inventors of Modern Computer). The invention shocked the world; it inspired people to start the development of computers. Soon after,
Goldstine, Herman H. "Computers at the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School." The Jayne Lecture. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol 136, No.1. January 24, 1991
His efforts went unacknowledged; his invention of the computer wasn’t celebrated until someone else took credit for it; he never got the respect he deserved. The Imitation game is basically an arena of social conflict as well as social change when looking at sexuality, deviance, even gender. Just remember this movie was based on a true story. Alan Turing is a war hero that saved lives, simply due to the fact that the British government thought it was morally wrong that a man could ever love another man he died. Rest in peace, Mr. Turing who shall forever be celebrated. The movie was heart moving. Undeniably the best feature film I have seen that depicts the biography of Alan Turing perfectly, though this is just a matter of
The colossus computer was one of the first computers used to decipher secret codes in 1944 (princeton.edu). The designer of this ingenious machine, who paid with his own money for the computer to be built, was Tommy Flowers, a British engineer. He created this computer with the intention of making it easy for soldiers to decode top-secret German army messages, which were sent using Lorenz cipher, a rotor stream cipher machine that converted the messages into a code ready to be transported. This invention was a very good idea because it wasn’t only a reliable machine, but it also enlarged technology regarding to electronic computers. In order to decipher the code it is necessary to pass through certain stages (BBC News). To begin with, the colossus computer first needs to capture radio signals so it can later be sent to the paper tape, a procedure in which the information is saved in the memory of the device at a rate of 5,000 characters per second. With the information saved on the inside of the computer it passes to the stage of analysis. During this phase, patch panels, plugs and program switches are used to carry out the final inspection, meaning that the r...
Alan Turing left an indelible mark on the world with technological inventions, extraordinary talent, and productive habits. His dedication to hard work and perseverance against the discouragement of bullying provide fantastic examples for anyone to emulate. Also, the inventions of the Turing Machine and the Bombe were the primary reasons why computers existed during the last sixty years, and were important factors in the demise of Nazi Germany. Finally, for one to truly understand why Turing was important in world history, he should envision life without modern technology and
Logic far outweighs importance in every spectrum for Alan Turing. Despite the millions dying in during the chaotic World War II, Alan Turing states he has no desire to work for the British government, his sole purpose for volunteering his intellect to the project of breaking Enigma revolves around the concept of Enigma having no possible way of being decoded and its status as the most complex problem in the world-- a problem he seeks to solve. Additionally, Turing values the importance of not adhering to gender standards, valuing intelligence far beyond societal expectations. Turing's understanding that women are just as able as men to undertake complex issues highlights his value for the intelligence of all individuals, not just men. Additionally, because Turing names his machine, used for decrypting German war messages, Christopher, Turing's evident passion for love and friendship. Additionally, Turing values the importance of mathematics-- Turing not only obtains the status of a Fellow at age twenty-four, he also relies on statistical analysis to determine the outcome of the
In 1930 they had found the source of their problem. Germany had hired, “Hans Schmidt, who invented the enigma machine”, (Sales). This machine enabled Germany to send messages effortlessly with the security of knowing the codes could not be broken. Initially there was only one machine that was to be used as a public machine, but soon the German military contracted Schmidt to build a machine that the German Military could only use.