Agglutination Test Essay

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Introduction
The agglutination principle is commonly used by serological quantitative assay to quantify unknown antigen or antibodies in a biological fluid. As all the Antibody isotypes are divalent or polyvalent, one antibody can bind to several antigens which will form chain linkage and clumping of antigen, giving rise to a lattice formation (antigen and antibodies complex). The lattice structure form by clumping of antigens and antibodies is process call agglutination. There are two types of agglutination reaction which are direct and indirect reaction. (jacquelin, 2002) The direct reaction is the binding of antibodies with the antigen intrinsically found on the particle’s surface and the indirect reaction is the binding of antigens with antibodies which are coated on particles (latex beads). (parija, 2009) Haem agglutination test is a specific form of agglutination test that involves red blood cells. This haem agglutination test is divided into active and passive groups, which …show more content…

The SRBC (sheep’s red blood cells) were used as an antigen to interact with rabbit’s serum to form antibody-antigen lattice complex in the micro titre plate v-shaped wells. Row A is as a standard to compare with rest of the well. PBS (Phosphate buffered saline) was used as a medium for the antibody and antigen to interact. Three different samples of rabbit’s serum (sera 1, 2 and 3) were prepared. Sera 1 was from rabbit that was not exposed to sheep’s red blood cells (pre-immunised), sera 2 was a 6 days old serum from rabbit that was given one SRBC immunisation and sera 3 was a 7 days old serum which was given a separated 3 immunisation with SRBC. The purpose of the test is to understand the effectiveness of immunisation of SRBC by analysing antigen and antibody interaction in serum (sera 1, sera 2 and sera

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