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Effects of the colonial rule of india
Effects of the colonial rule of india
Effects of the colonial rule of india
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B00466902
Introduction to African History (AFST/HIST 283A)
December 16th, 2013
1. (a) Africans and Europeans have relations that date all the way back to the origins of humans and human migrations. Scholars have hypothesized that Homo erectus found in Europe about 800,000 years ago originated and migrated from Africa Europeans and Africans also had religious relations; which is evident from the spread of Christianity, introduced by the Byzantines, throughout Africa specifically in North Africa, the Nile Valley, and the Horn of Africa. Aside from religious relations, Africans and Europeans also had economic and political relations as a result of European colonization and conquest of the African regions. Economic relations were a result of Europeans coming into Africa and taking natural resources to benefit from in the production of goods and trade. Another specific example of economic relations between Europeans and Africans is the practice of mercantilism, in which European nations were the mother countries and countries of Africa were the colonies. As the mother country, Europeans, would take natural resources from the colony, African regions, to produce goods, which would then be sold back to the colony. This also attributed to the political relations between Africans and Europeans because the economic desires of the Europeans often led to them controlling the Africans to maximize profit and their own personal benefits; which is directly related to slavery, one of the biggest relations between Africans and Europeans. Slavery and the slave trade in turn created social relations because slaves were considered to be a class of their own. Another social relation that resulted from slavery was the creation a “new race” known as the...
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...ural resources. Post independence Africans although not ruled by Europeans nations such as Britain, France, and the Dutch were still dependent on these nations for goods and other trading purposes. Culturally, post independence Africans and precolonial Africans were different because post independence Africans were greatly influenced by the mother countries that ruled them because their mother countries cultures were inflicted on them whether it was language, food, religion, or even clothing. Precolonial Africans and post independence Africans also differed politically in the aspect that precolonial African governments were more tribe like, while post independence Africans governments had western influence and some cases lead to dictatorships as seen in Liberia dictated by Samuel Doe, Zaire dictated by Mobutu Sese Seko, and Somalia dictated by Muhammad Siad Barre.
The Tran-Atlantic slave exchange established the framework for present day entrepreneurship, creating riches for business endeavors in American and Europe society. The exchange added to the industrialization of a numerous continents’ surrounding the Atlantic area. Several of the areas where located in northwestern Europe, also the western part of Europe, the North, and South, and the Caribbean Islands. According to assign readings and observing other resources providing, the slave trade revealed deceptive inequity toward the people in America and European. There was other culture considered besides black that was residing within the domains of these state and continents. If an individual was not considering white, it is believed that the
The African empires, kingdoms, and cities had many achievements before the arrival of the Europeans. Some of these achievements had influences many other places in the world. Three major achievements were the trading systems, their military forces and strengths of its people, and the wealth and success.
In conclusion, during the 15th and 16th centuries Europeans visited the Atlantic Coast in the African states to observe for gold and silvers. They took advantage of the Africans to get their desires when the Africans acknowledged them to be equal which drove into Africa’s downfall.
Prior to the arrival of European traders, the continent of Africa had developed sophisticated society as it demonstrated its ability to maintain advanced civilizations, withhold three major empires, and gain wealth through trade. Although European traders did advance organized society in Africa, it would be false to say that prior to their arrival Africa was underdeveloped.
By 1885, little to no independent countries existed throughtout the whole African continent. This was due to the imperialism done by strong European countries. Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Belgium, and Spain are to blame. There are many possible contributing factors as to why the European countries decided to completely carve up Africa, split it up, imperialize the whole of the continent. Because of the need for resources Africa could supply, the European desire for power, and the European's reaction to the White Man's burden, they took control of almost every square mile in Africa through imperialization.
European imperialism in Africa caused Africans to lose their independence and culture. After a long time, “the wave of Independence across Africa in the 1950s and 1960s brought to the end around 75
Europe, in the late 1800’s, was starting for a land grab in the African continent. Around 1878, most of Africa was unexplored, but by 1914, most of Africa, with the lucky exception of Liberia and Ethiopia, was carved up between European powers. There were countless motivations that spurred the European powers to carve Africa, like economical, political, and socio–cultural, and there were countless attitudes towards this expansion into Africa, some of approval and some of condemnation.
As a result, modern capitalism and the industrialization of Europe developed. It created an Atlantic connection between Europeans, West Africans, and the colonial Americans. All in all, the trans-Atlantic slave trade was a cruel and inhumane period of time, where Africans were being taken against their will to perform hard labor. Trans-Atlantic slavery created a new global relationship, and reduced human interaction to a commercial relationship, debasing African individuals. Through the world of trans-Atlantic slave trade, the Americas, Europe and Africa were connected through the triangular trade, known as the relationship between masters, traders, and slaves. As the new global economic relationship formed, an unequal slave society developed that categorized humans to sellers, buyers and
When considering what the African diaspora is, there is one period of time that people commonly refer to. This period of time is the Atlantic Slave Trade. While not the only diaspora of the African people in history, the Atlantic Slave Trade is most commonly thought of due to the scale at which Africans were being emigrated, with around 10-15 million Africans being brought over to the Americas, as well as the effect it has on us today. When looking at the experiences of Africans, they greatly differed dependent on where they landed. These experiences affected later generations of Africans, forcing them to adopt their own culture based on their surroundings and what they were accustomed to from Africa.
Africa is the world’s poorest inhabited continent, with more than one third of its residents living on less than a comparative US dollar per day. Africa is often stereotyped as poor, overpopulated, and uncivilized. Africa is commonly interpreted as one united land mass rather than multiple independent nations. Africa’s limited use of technology, agriculture and market based economy, and independent self-governing prior to independence have made gathering data on the continent difficult. Africa as a whole has little data collected about its past and as a result many studies conducted and published refer to the continent as a whole rather than referring to individual nations.
European colonization had an impact on the government of Africa. One day, a white man came to the African council and told them that they now had a king. The King of Europe was now their king and Africa was his land. A new council was made in the town of Nairobi, in which acted for their King and was Africa’s government. The council made laws for the Africans to follow (Doc.
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa by Walter Rodney, was one of the most controversial books in the world at the time of its release. The book seeks to argue that European exploitation and involvement in Africa throughout history. This is the cause of current African underdevelopment, and the true path to the development is for Africa to completely sever her ties with the international capitalist economy. Rodney describes his goal in writing the book in the preface: “this book derives from a concern with the contemporary African situation. It delves into the past only because otherwise it would be impossible to understand how the present came into being and what the trends are for the near future” (vii). Rodney writes from a distinctly Marxist perspective by arguing that the inequalities inherent in European capitalism and required exploitation of certain countries in order to sustain capitalism.
It has been claimed that Western countries are becoming increasingly alarmed and uncomfortable by their deterioration of influence within African countries. This stems from the fact that they are aware that they are losing out to Africa’s resource rich opportunities, that are being made use of at large by China, who are progressively making ties with Africa, within a political, trade, infrastructural and natural resource-based context (Kermeliotis, 2011). Facts still remain that Western countries are still heavily connected to African countries, however the deepening Sino-African engagements are creating a “deep nervousness” in the west, says David Shinn, the former U.S. ambassador to Burkina Faso and Ethiopia (as cited in Kermiliotis, 2011). The data that backs up this unease show that between 2001 and 2007, trade between Africa and China increased by 681% to reach $73 billion (Rich and Recker, 2012). Furthermore, according to the OECD, when 2009 hit, China overtook the U.S. completely as Africa’s biggest trading partner, whereas, back in the year 2000, the U.S. was three times that of China, (Kermelioltis, 2011) therefore showing the huge scale of the Sino-African relationship and the short time in which it has developed. All this does however raise questions as to how it is regarded and how this impacts Western countries, and their stance as current superpowers. There is an obvious awareness of the Sino-African tie, but what are the consequences of this, and how will things change as a result, specifically in terms of the West? (Glennie, 2012). The main areas of focus to be discussed therefore involve, how and why are Western countries losing out on inv...
One example of the African centered theories would be Akbar's (1997) theory. According to the textbook African American Psychology, this theory was about an emphasis on “the African cultural emphasis on affective orientation including caring, empathy, and cooperative efforts as significant sources of behavioral motivation” (Heisser Metoyer, p. 24). In my opinion, this theory right here is what may be needed for today’s world. In todays society we see that there are problems when it comes to African Americans and violence. Some of it is in the media. An example of some of these would be violence with other individuals of the same race, or even violence with other races, which from my experience is shown more in the media. I believe with this theory by Akbar, if it were to
An overwhelming majority of African nations has reclaimed their independence from their European mother countries. This did not stop the Europeans from leaving a permanent mark on the continent however. European colonialism has shaped modern-day Africa, a considerable amount for the worse, but also some for the better. Including these positive and negative effects, colonialism has also touched much of Africa’s history and culture especially in recent years.