ASSIGNMENT - 1 NAME S/LT NAEEM SARWAR PN P.NO 8817 CLASS IV-ME SEC B 1-BIOMATERIALS: DEFINATION: Biomaterials are those which can be explained as a substance introduced in body tissue as its part of medical devices or used instead of an organ. COMPOSITION: Bio materials are made up of • Metals • Ceramics • Semiconductors • Plastics • Composites INTRODUCTION: Biomaterials are derived from nature or in the laboratory using various chemical approaches utilizing metallic components for example composite, polymers and ceramics materials. These materials are usually used for a medical application and it consists of part or whole of a living structure or biomedical device which performs as a natural function. These materials are more likely used for a human heart valve and veins or may be bioactive with interactive functionality such as hip implants. Biomaterials are also used in drug delivery every day and also in dental applications surgery .Biomaterials scientists are nowadays paying more and more attention to the progress of inorganic crystallization within a largely organic as expected occurring compounds. These processes typically occur at some temperature and pressure. Remarkably the animated organisms are through which these crystalline form of minerals are capable of consistently producing complexly complex structures. Considerate the processes of living organisms are capable of flexible the growth of crystalline minerals for example silica could lead to insignificant scientific mixture techniques for Nano scale composite materials. The biomaterial word is used for materials that can be used in clinical and biomedical applications. These bio materials are biocompatible in nature. Presently many types... ... middle of paper ... ...ating to the linear and nonlinear optical ranges, temperature need of resistivity spin resonance spectra and magnetic susceptibility dimensions. Extent of charming and challenging results have been industrialized that lead our viewpoint understanding of quantum excavating, quantum stage change, surface effect quantum size effect confinement and nonlinear susceptibility enhancements. NATURAL NANO MATERIALS: The good structure of viruses, the wax crystals cover a lotus or leaf, and spider-mite silk, the (spatula) on the bottommost of gecko feet, butterfly wing scales, natural colloids milk blood horny materials “hair , beaks ,feathers , horns skin” and even our bone matrix are all natural organic nanomaterial’s. Natural inorganic nanoparticles are from natural wearing away or volcanic action but also from fire. The burning results of mineral cement and pigments.
Many individuals have different views surrounding cochlear implants. Most of the Deaf community tends to be against them whereas most of the hearing community tends to be in favor of them. It is important to understand not only want a cochlear implant is, but how the different communities view the implants so that we can gain a better understanding of Deaf culture.
... The advanced technology of surface modification in the biomedical sector have the ability to offer not an improvement in the tribological properties only but also to improve the clinical requirements prior and post implantation. Such properties includes cell growth and antibacterial effect.
Alumina and zirconia ceramics have been widely used in orthopaedic hip replacements for the past 30 years. The advantage of using these was lower wear rates than those observed using polymers and metals. Because of the ionic bonds and chemical stability of ceramics, they are relatively biocompatible and therefore more preferable to use than metals and polymers. Alumina is most commonly used as a femoral head component instead of a metal in a hip prosthesis because this would reduce the polyethylene wear that is generated. Alumina is a desirable biomaterial to use in hard tissue implants because of characteristics like excellent wear resistance, high hardness, bio inert, low abrasion rate and good frictional behaviour. Furthermore, it has excellent surface finish as well as high fatigue streng...
These kinds of polymers have both some advantages and disadvantages. Although they are bioactive and biodegradable and provide high comppressive strength, Degradation of such polymers leads to undesired tissue response due to producing acid formation in degradation process. Metallic scaffolds are another method for bone repair and regenaration. They provide high compressive strength and enormous permanent strength. Metallic scaffolds are mainly made of titanium and talium metals. The main disadvantages of metallic scaffolds are not biodegradable and also discharge metal ions. Recent studies in metallic scaffolds mainly focus on biodegradable materials which can be used improve bioactivity of metals such as titanium.
An unbelievable idea has turned into reality. An idea that can now be born with the use of a 3D printing mechanism.
Bionics, or sometimes called bionical creativity engineering, is the application of biological methods and systems found in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern technology (“Bionics” n.p.). It is a mechanical prosthetic that is hooked onto a set of nerves, depending where it is placed, that retrieve signals from the brain to the limb. Bionic limbs give amputees a new feeling of living a more natural and normal life.
The future for the total artificial heart with respect to using polyurethanes comes in the form of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), also known as polyurethane elastomers that have molecular structures similar to that of human proteins. TPUs have slower protein absorption (protein absorption is the beginning of the blood clotting process) this makes TPUs ideal candidates in the manufacturing of the total artificial heart because it provides more adhesive strength and mimics certain elements within the body. Hence, biomedical polyurethanes can lead the way to eliminate some acute health challenges that the total artificial heart currently faces. By virtue of their range of properties, polyurethanes and their new applications will continue to play an important role in the future of the total artificial heart.
Biomedical engineering is a branch of science that connects engineering sciences with biological sciences that started around the 1940s (Citron & Nerem, 2004). Biomedical engineering is the discipline that promotes learning in engineering, biology, chemistry, and medicine. The objective for biomedical engineers is to enhance human health by incorporating engineering and biomedical sciences to solve problems. Some of the accomplishments made from biomedical engineering are prosthetics, robotic and laser surgery, implanted devices, imaging devices, nanotheranostics and artificial intelligence. As we head towards the future, biomedical engineering is anticipated to become an even greater part of the medical industry and bring about innovating
Denture teeth can be made of acrylic poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or composite resins. PMMA is a polymer - a material made the from joining of methyl methacrylate monomers. Properties of PMMA include resistance to abrasion, chemical stability and a high boiling point. (Jun Shen et al. 2011). However, weak flexure and impact strength of PMMA are of concern as they account for denture failure. (Bolayir G, Boztug A and Soygun K. 2013). Composite denture teeth are made of a three distinct phases - filler, matrix and coupling agents. Out of the types of composite teeth available, nano-filled composite teeth are preferred. Composite teeth have a PMMA coating around the tooth and a high content of filler particles. This gives them strength, higher resistance to forces than acrylic teeth and provides compete polymerization due to the PMMA coating. (Anusavice, K. J., Phillips, R. W., Shen, C., & Rawls, H. R, 2012). If the interface between the PMMA denture base and PMMA or composite teeth was weak, the denture will not be able to sustain occlusal forces, making the base-teeth interface, an entity of significance.
The Biomedical Model constitutes the absence of disease, pain and defect of the body (Fanany, 2012). (Baum, 2012) describes the Biomedical Model in reference to the human body “like clockwork”. He believes that the body is like a machine. Every individual part that fits together must be able to function interpedently for the rest of the body to work – just like a clock.
Many people sit around wondering what they’re doing with their lives, while other believe they’ve done nothing with their lives, but now there’s a way to benefit society by telling others how nature interacts with you. By having people join in the search, Biomimetics will flourish.
Biomedical engineering is a rapidly growing field of research that is making exciting discoveries and advancements in the field of medicine at an astounding pace. With such progress there are many ethical issues that arise concerning new innovative implants, medical devices, and diagnosis and therapeutic treatments in the field of biomedical engineering in order to improve an individual’s quality of life. Neuroethics in particular has become a big topic of debate as researchers gradually decode the complex organism called the human brain. The brain has long been an enigma, its intricate inner workings perplexing even the most scholarly of intellectuals for decades. Recent advancements in neuroimaging, brain implants, and scientists’ increased knowledge of basic human psychology concerning the bases of individual behavior and personality have led to the fear that this new gained information has the potential to be misused by governments and other entities. Ethicist fear that the same devices meant to help patients suffering from devastating neural diseases could be manipulated to breach one’s privacy. Devices and treatments used to cure or alleviate effects of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, or perhaps to help those who have mental illnesses or impairments could be used to decipher one’s hidden thoughts, and even used as a way to discriminate against someone based on one’s religious beliefs and values. The main areas of Neuroethics that have caused concern are brain implants and medical devices, neuroimaging, and brain machine interfacing.
3D Printing: The weapon to save or kill? People nowadays might get the impression that the 3D printing technology is a relatively new concept in our daily lives. However, 3D printing technology has been invented and utilized in many fields such as creating human organs in healthcare, building architectural models in engineering, and even forming components that can be used in aeronautic fields. Since Charles W. Hull invented the 3D printing technology in the 1980s, scientists, engineers, and even normal people were and still are trying to discover more possibilities of the usages and changes in this technology. Same as every invention of the new technology, with its undeniable beneficial effects, 3D printing also faces lots of limitations on the printing material, financial costs, market standardization, and more crucially the possible abuse of it.
How did technology affect us? Did it affect us in a positive or a negative way? Technology has both positive and negative effects, it’s plainly about how people choose to use it. Throughout these years, technology has been a great advancement for our country and it helped us develop in many ways that we can’t even count.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering? To start with, genetic engineering is another term used for genetic manipulation, which is a process consisting the addition of new DNA to an organism. The whole purpose of this process is to add new traits that are not already available in the organism. Genetic engineering is often mistaken for breeding, which is a technique that is mostly used with animals in order to create faster or stronger offspring. Genetic engineering is however different from breeding because it uses much less natural techniques that are usually performed in the lab.