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The influence of advertising on consumer behavior
Advertising and gender
Gender representation in advertising
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In this essay I will be analysing the Nivea advertisement. Brierley (2002, p. 174) claims that there are three basic formats of advertising in commercials and print advertisements. They are presenter, demonstration and slice-of-life advertisements. Using Brierley’s technique in the Nivea advertisement, it looks like there are two formats being used where the woman in the advertisement is a presenter with the product presented near her and she is shown having a clear and youthful complexion without any wrinkles and the way this advertisement makes the consumers show how the product works and what it does signifies it with a slice-of-life format. So basically this advertisement portrays a women who is not that young anymore but her skin is healthy and wrinkle free with the result of using this product and so can be used by the consumers who want to get rid of their aging skin. Therefore, this advertisement is a presenter and a slice-of-life because Brierly (2002, p. 174) claims that, “The purpose of these advertisements is to testify and explain the use the product and to display a range of attributes that go with it. Presenters are also chosen for their specific features – lips, hair, teeth – which help to show off the product just like a fashion model.” Brierley (2002, p. 178) also says that, “ Slice-of-life advertisements show product in use and the types of people who use it. Slice-of-life commercials and print advertisements connect brands to the real world of consumption; brands appear natural and everyday.” The next thing in analysing this advertisement is to decode the signs. Jonathan Bignell states that the first step in analysing an advertisement is to note the various signs in the advertisement itself. Bignell (2002, p.... ... middle of paper ... ...- ever. The object being advertised stands in for the self which we desire to become. Gender plays a vital role in advertisements because as Bignell continues saying that both an individual man and woman are addressed as a member of a gender group. An advertisement is offering something and at the same time coding the reader as a particular type of subject, a gendered subject. So with this we can intercept in the Nivea advertisement that all the signs pointing towards women is to make them feel happier about themselves if they use this product and make them feel better in their gender identity. So in this case of the advertisement, the product addresses to those women who desire to have or become someone they currently are not. Therefore this is how the Nivea advertisement is addressing gender. Here is the concluded contextual analysis of the Nivea advertisement.
Common sense seems to dictate that commercials just advertise products. But in reality, advertising is a multi-headed beast that targets specific genders, races, ages, etc. In “Men’s Men & Women’s Women”, author Steve Craig focuses on one head of the beast: gender. Craig suggests that, “Advertisers . . . portray different images to men and women in order to exploit the different deep seated motivations and anxieties connected to gender identity.” In other words, advertisers manipulate consumers’ fantasies to sell their product. In this essay, I will be analyzing four different commercials that focuses on appealing to specific genders.
The target market would be women who require the essential night cream in order to stay looking young. In today 's world women crave the idea of looking young for a longer period of time. The idea of this ad is for women to see a beautiful woman with amazing looking skin and aspire to look like her. The Aveeno Active Naturals ad recognizes different aged women who want to stay looking younger longer. The use of a beautiful woman in the ad helps to convince women that this product will help them stay looking young.
Michael Jordan has star power that bridges age, race, and socioeconomic class. Nike understands this aspect of the popular superstar and decided to give him his own clothing line named Jumpman23. It is the most popular form of sports apparel available and the white logo that adorns each article of apparel is known worldwide. Michael Jordan is arguably the most loved and respected athlete of this generation, thus the ad for this company depicted in ESPN The Magazine takes advantage of his immense popularity. In an attempt to expand the companies influence Jumpman23 uses professional baseball player Derrick Jeter to send its message and promote its apparel. In the essay “Absolution for Sale,” Charity Miller writes, “We live in a world of images. Among the most persuasive and insistent of these images are those directed at us by advertising. These images often do more then simply try to persuade us to buy a particular product or use a particular service. More subtly, they influence us by appealing to our desires or exploiting our emotions.” The image of Jeter training alone in a gym clothed head to toe in Michael Jordan’s clothing line combine with a poem above describing his intentions. This scene portrays the hard work and dedication that will eventually lead to success as things an athlete of any level should expect while wearing the clothing. Michael Jordan takes advantage of his legend on the basketball court and his appeal worldwide to create a line of apparel that demands the same work ethic from those who wear it. Its success is in Jumpman23’s ability to interest buyers no matter what age, race, or sport.
The documentary Killing Us Softly 4 discusses and examines the role of women in advertisements and the effects of the ads throughout history. The film begins by inspecting a variety of old ads. The speaker, Jean Kilbourne, then discusses and dissects each ad describing the messages of the advertisements and the subliminal meanings they evoke. The commercials from the past and now differ in some respects but they still suggest the same messages. These messages include but are not limited to the following: women are sexual objects, physical appearance is everything, and women are naturally inferior then men. Kilbourne discusses that because individuals are surrounded by media and advertisements everywhere they go, that these messages become real attitudes and mindsets in men and women. Women believe they must achieve a level of beauty similar to models they see in magazines and television commercials. On the other hand, men expect real women to have the same characteristics and look as beautiful as the women pictured in ads. However, even though women may diet and exercise, the reality...
This paper will analyze an ATT commercial according to audience, purpose, context, ethics, and stance. The focus will emphasize the audience which the aid is trying to reach and how they do so.
In this essay I will describe an image taken from an advert and use visual methodological approach to analyse and depict the different set of meanings produced by this image. In order to explicate my ideas I will provide a brief outline of the picture. Then, I will describe a number of coded and non coded meanings and how the advert is employing a range of signifiers to communicate messages to the consumer and reinforce the brand identity. (Barthes 1972)
(Jhally, Kilbourne, Rabinovitz, 2010) The amount of money put into advertisement worldwide in 2011 was $464 billion. (Pavlik, McIntosh, 2014, p. 268). In our society, sexism has become a normal part of our everyday life based on the ads we constantly see and because of the society we live in. Women are represented in ads as objects and not as human beings. The advertising is convincing us that the most important goal for a woman should be to become “the perfect woman” and for a man to find one. Dove has a commercial called “Evolution” demonstrating the idea that “the perfect woman” does not truly exist. They show the transformation in which models go through before photo or video shoots. The makeup applied to create a flawless face and the hair extensions attached to create the ideal look are only the beginning of the issue. After the photographs are taken, we are taken through a visual process of the editing done to the images: Bigger eyes, smaller nose, bigger lips, higher cheekbones, slimmer face, bigger chest, smaller waist, smoother skin, these are only a few of the changes they make while editing these pictures. These ads create an unrealistic and unattainable idea of
A Comparison of Two Advertisements Introduction Advertising and media are part of everybody’s everyday life, with or without them realizing. Each day we see adverts on the television showing us new lifestyles that look glamorous, we hear adverts on the radio, we see slogans emblazoned on people’s clothes, on the side of buses, on billboards, everywhere!! Big companies know that they need to make their product appeal to as many ‘niche markets’ as possible and they do this by ‘audience segmentation’. This is when companies make an advert so that it would appeal to one type of person, and then another advert for the same product but for a different type of person. Although it is hard to know exactly when there target audience will be watching, companies will spend lots of money researching.
looks like 'FUCK'. The use of what appears to be a swear word has the
An analysis of the signs and symbols used in Patek Philippe Geneve's "Begin your own tradition" advert.
tips take up 50 pages of the magazine, so a substantial part of it is
This is an advert targeted for mature women; the aim of the product is to reduce aging of the skin, mainly the face among these types of women. The product is from Olay. Olay is a multi-millionaire brand that first produced anti-aging cream then went on to producing all kinds of skin care products (the guardian, March 2012), however it has always been known for its anti-aging products.
image of themselves in real life. They are almost computer-generated women like in the movie Simone. Indeed, with the technology we have now, advertisers can transform a product into perfection, at the same time, misleading the consumer into seeing it as “real”, and thus permanently providing impossible standards (Ingham). More and more women are becoming dissatisfied with themselves trying to be this fantasy person created by the men in our society. This distorted view of reality, portrayed by advertisemen...
The Namath ad relies on the deeply entrenched and prescribed values associated with each gender, and without the near universal understanding of masculine and feminine roles the ad would cease to make sense. The poignancy of the ad is made by displacement of character, gender, biological sex. When the ad starts at the toes of Namath (the model) the scenario is set for another image enhancing commercial for a woman’s product, but when Namath’s face appears on camera as the main and only spokesperson for the product there is an initial sense of shock and surprise that makes the message of the ad and the cognitions of the viewer converge and coalesce.
The Illusion of Advertisements Advertisements are pieces of art or literary work that are meant to make the viewer or reader associate with the activity or product represented in the advertisement. According to Kurtz and Dave (2010), in so doing, they aim at either increasing the demand of the product, to inform the consumer of the existence, or to differentiate that product from other existing ones in the market. Therefore, the advertiser’s aim should at all times try as much as possible to stay relevant and to the point. The advert alongside is simple and straight to the point. It contains very few details but extremely large content with the choice of words and graphics.