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Chinese Revolution of 1911 : its causes and consequences
Is china democratic
Is china democratic
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China was once a strong and stable Empire many emperor from past ruled on china most of them ruled for long time and some of them for less time some famous ruler such as Nurhaci (1559–1626) but it began its decline in the 1500s and continued until modern times the last empire was Qing Empire that collapse in 1911. The main reason for empire collapse was refusal to trade with other countries, an uprising against foreign control, and the effect from a change of monarchy to a democracy. The Qing Empire (1644-1912) was the very last great dynastic empire to rule the china. It was effective and long lived rulers in the starting of Chinese of dynastic era; it was a period of success and natural disasters, rebellions, invasions and inept ruling courts at the end.
In 1911 the Qing dynasty was controlled by Manchu minority. So it is also knows as Manchu dynasty was the last dynasty in the Chinese history. The Manchu’s decided on a form of government that hadn’t been used before, democracy. Poorly the democracy was corrupted, peoples votes were easily bought which brought civil war, Xinhai revolution, and the overthrow the Qing Dynasty. This revolution end up with establish of republic of china.
The Qing Dynasty started Manchus who used to live north of the great wall. Manchu’s emerged as people when a tribal ruler name nurhaci started to conquer to other tribes. In 1625 Nurchaci conquer the Ming city of Shenyang and made it his capital they gave his empire a greater base of population and he used their skills. Nurhaci’s have a song who named was hung taiji. So he continues attacking on Ming officials and increases his empire. His empire called jin at first, but later in 1936, he renamed it as “Great Qing Empire”. Dorgon structured the...
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...ing education and knowledge of the world as an alternative they were isolationist because they was fear that if they will provide the education then people will understand the outside world. Even ruler name empress Cixi tried to set up modern school system but she failed.
Some people also led the fall of Qing dynasty such as Sun Yat-Sen in 1908 when emperor and Cixi died the new emperor was only two year old kid because Sun Yat-Sen was already so famous all around the world so his final revolution that was in 1911 broke out and overthrew the Empire of Qing, bringing two thousand years of Chinese feudal monarchy to an end up with republic china.
The Qing dynasty was something that was different from other successive Chinese or aliens powers that preceded it. It seems that the main reason of decline of Chinese empire natural disasters, rebellions, invasions and wars.
In a period of four centuries the Han, Roman, and Gupta empires fell. First in China, then in the Mediterranean, and lastly in India. The civilizations deteriorated from foreign invasion, internal conflicts, and internal weakness that made it to where invaders could invade and cause the decline of these major civilizations.
The Political Turmoil of China From 1911 to 1927 There were many reasons why China slipped into political instability or turmoil between 1911 and 19287. There reasons include the questionable leadership of Yuan Shih Kai, the presence of the warlords, the One of the reasons was that questionable leadership of Yuan Shih Kai. When Yuan took over control from Sun Yat Sen as the President, he tried to revert to the monarchical system of rule. From 1912 until 1915, he ruled as a military dictator with the support of the army. His rule was already blemished with resistance and that demonstrated that the people did not quite accept him as the leader of China.
The fall of the Shang dynasty ended the river valley society in China, and made way for the beginning of developed civilization in China. After the collapsed Shang dynasty came the Zhou dynasty, which began in 1029 BCE and flourished until 700 BCE, but it did not officially collapse until 403 BCE. Following that came the period of political disintegration and unease, known as the Era of the Warring States, from 402 BCE to 222 BCE. Finally, the Qin dynasty arose in 221 BCE and brought order back to China, however this did not last, and the dynasty fell in 207 BCE. Revolts over the Qin emperor’s death broke out, and it was the rise of the Han dynasty that restored China’s political
Chapter 4: China's Qing Dynasty & Its Collapse." East-Asian-History Home. Penn State. Web. 06 Apr. 2011..
Finally, both the Ottoman empire and the Ming Dynasty declined because of the same reason. The reason both empires fell was because of weak rulers. The latter Ming Emperors were weak and corrupt, and because the Ming Dynasty was imperial, the rulers weakness deteriorated the empire drastically. The Ottomans locked up the heirs in the royal palace, which left them with no experience with governing.
From 1700 to roughly 220 BCE (before the Common Era), the region currently known as China was divided into six states: Qin, Wei, Zhao, Qi, Yan and Zhongshan, each ruled by different kings. These inter-warring states were already familiar with wall building techniques, each having constructed extensive fortifications to defend their own borders. When Shih Huangdi, the young king of the ancient Chinese state of Qin (also spelled Ch’in, from which the word China derives), conquered each of the remaining five states in 221 BCE, the continuous warring finally came to an end. By conquering these states, Shih Huangdi established the Qin Dynasty, thus creating the first unification of China, and the first Chinese central government. In his efforts to make this new concept of centralized rule “stick”, as well as prevent the reemergence of feudal lords, Shih Huangdi ordered the destruction of the wall sections that divided his empire along the forme...
4) Qing Dynasty- the Qing Dynasty term, is described as being one of the first imperial dynasty in China. The Qing Dynasty is important because, it’s what began the construction of the Great Wall of China, and construction of roads.
Now you are probably wondering with all these similar factors that lead to the demise of the empires, how did China recover successfully? The Chinese empire unlike the Roman empire, held on to their cultural identity and tried not to accept diversity in cultures. This is also called cultural homogeneity. Cultural homogeneity create a sense of togetherness. This creates less organization and religious drama. China also had more advanced technological breakthroughs in the fields of agriculture and metallurgy. This is needed to progress and recover so you have ways of keeping up with the economy. The Chinese empire also had one common religion that mostly held up. Confucianism. Having mostly the same religion unifies most people, which is also needed for a recovery. With these main factors, the Chinese empire recovered successfully.
The title of Ray Huang’s book 1587: A Year of No Significance: The Ming Dynasty Decline suggests that this book is a work based on a single year in which little occurred. But in reality, Huang’s look at the events of 1587 demonstrates the complex workings of the leadership during the decline of the Ming dynasty, giving the reader an insight into the societal structure, the governmental process, and the mistakes that occurred systematically to enhance the progression towards the seemingly inevitable downfall. Though nothing of historical significance occurred during the year 1587, Huang is able to demonstrate the way in which the existing culture and the smaller, more systematic elements of political leadership can be understood within the context of a seemingly unimportant period of time. Chapter 1: The Wan-Li Emperor, begins by explaining the major premise of the work: The concept of looking at a single year in the history of the leadership of China and evaluating the implications for understanding other aspects of history, including the decline of the Ming Dynasty.
Although the Chinese civilization is believed to have dated to at least 2100 BCE , it was not until the advent of the Qin Dynasty from 221 to 206 BCE that a distinctly imperial China can be said to have existed. Prior to 221 BCE, Qin was one of seven states known as the Warring States, each of which sought to control the other six. Over time, the state of Qin amassed sufficient military and economic advantage such that it was able to conquer its neighbours, or else impose hegemony on them. In doing so it became an empire, taking on those qualities necessary for an empire in some major aspects but retaining qualities of a state in others. Unprepared for the challenges of peacetime, however, the Qin Dynasty collapsed in 206 BCE. The large expanse
The Han dynasty was generally a time of national strength and cultural advances. Han Wudi was emperor of China from 141 BC to 87 BC, and is considered one of the greatest emperors of the Han Dynasty. While Wudi accomplished his goals of conquering new territories with the empire’s new aggressive offensive policy, of making the Chancellors of China’s bureaucracy stay at their post for less time and also unifying the Confucianism ideology of China, these goals also led to the decline of the empire financially because of the expense of all the wars Wudi involved the empire in. Therefore, I believe that Han Wudi was a unsuccessful leader because his empire payed the price for his numerous conquests.
There were three reform movements between 1860-1911, “ the Qing court and Chinese provincial officials had tried to adapt a wide range of Western techniques and ideas to China’s proven needs: artillery, ships, the telegraph, new schools, factories, chambers of commerce and international law” (Spence, 234). The first reform being the Self-strengthening Movement the second was the Hundred Days Reform and the last is regarded as the Late Qing reform. These three reforms were similar in the fact that the main objective was to strengthen China. However, there were multiple reasons for the failed plans of the reforms. Analyzing certain individuals and events during the late Qing dynasty will help determine if the Manchus would have been viable leaders for modern China.
By the time the Qing dynasty ended, the rest of the world basically hated the Chinese. They looked down on other countries that they considered “poor and dirty” and also looked down on merchants and farmers. The Qings control over China was weakened over time due to the series of wars, conflicts, and rebellions over the years. The “good emperors” all died out and eventually the dynasty fell. They lasted a good 3000+ years, much longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history. But without aid from allies and with people attacking constantly, the Qings could no longer take it and the dynasty ended.
The 1911 Revolution kicked out the Qing Dynasty and broke the barriers to different developments in China. However, the 1911 Revolution has only provided a framework of a republic and made changes in some particular aspects related to immediate problems and difficulties in society. Hence, the relationship between the revolution and the subsequent development of China was very weak. On one hand, I do not agree with the latter part of the statement that the 1911 Revolution brought new problems to China. The conflicts and problems that China suffered in the early/ mid 1910s were mainly due to the weakness of the military force, conflicting political organizations and disorder in society. On the other hand, I agree with the first part of the statement that the 1911 Revolution did not bring peace to China afterwards. In the following paragraphs, I am going to focus on explaining the reasons of emerging new problems in China and also illustrate my points on the factors of the 1911 Revolution which could not bring in peace to China related to the conditions of the country.
The Chinese Empire was large and controlled most of Asia at one point in time. One of the dynasties that ruled the empire was the Ming Family. Ruling from 1368-1644, almost three hundred years, the Ming Dynasty impacted Chinese history very much.