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Inequality of women in africa
Inequality of women in africa
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In Language Planning & Gender Planning Ali Mazuri writes, that there are three routes for Africa to attain full gender inclusion. He cites the need for either diplomatic, gender or language planning (86). Although Mazuri understands the demand for full gender inclusion, he may have missed the mark on the pathway to achievement. Gender and diplomatic planning have their place, in this pursuit, but they do not belong on the center stage. If the true goal is to allow more women the opportunity to succeed, then the governments must start with language planning. Governments that use well intentioned language planning will empower more women and mobilize their country's development.
Diplomatic and gender planning as explained by Mazuri are actually just subsets of language planning. Planning diplomatically is an effort by African governments to improve their image in international relations, but not a genuine effort to include women (86). Gender planning on the other hand, is a conscience effort to improve the participation of women in government by providing them an equal opportunity to learn a western language. The issue with both of these plans is that when separated from language planning, they are both unobtainable. In order to appear more diplomatic, the governments must have women in international relation positions. But in countries where women aren't learning western languages there is no one to fulfill such positions. To combat this issue and appear to be more diplomatic in the world arena, the African governments must begin diplomatic language planning, where they begin by first preparing women who can fill these diplomatic positions. Gender planning at the root of it all is affirmative action in favor of women, which is jus...
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...at unbalanced governments in Africa need.
Careful language planning will allow African governments to improve diplomacy and opportunities for women all at once. As the common divisor between successful women and unsuccessful women is their ability to speak a European language, giving them that skill is all the empowerment they need. When governments decide to provide an equal opportunity for women to learn the European language they also afford them the opportunity to participate in government and succeed in schools. There is a lot of power in language planning and if carried out effectively, it could do more than place women in government, it could mobilize economies. As Mazuri believes de-marginalizing women, their entrepreneurial potential will be freed (92). On that note, the future of African countries could be riding on providing more opportunities for women.
In the 21st century, slavery and the Atlantic Slave Trade are viewed as immoral and quite possibly the most horrifying treatment known to man by society and foreign leaders but, was the same view regarded in the 17th century? The short primary sources, “Nzinga Mbemba: Appeal to the King of Portugal”, and “Captain Thomas Phillips: Buying Slaves in 1639”, enables individuals to identify how foreign leaders, specifically the kings of African nations, conducted the issue of slavery and the slave trade. In the words of Nzinga Mbemba and Captain Phillips, the kings of Congo and Ouidah both knowingly accepted slavery in their country but, had strikingly opposing views concerning the Atlantic Slave Trade; King Mbemba prohibited the trading of slaves whereas the King of Ouidah welcomed slave trading.
Liberia, located in the west part of Africa, was a settlement to native Africans in the 1800’s would eventually stablish a settlement consisting of thousands of individuals, freed or non-slaves. This was an attempt of resolving the moral issue of enslavement by colonizing Liberia with freed, or ex-slaves. Not only were freed black men transported across the Atlantic, but women as well. No provisions had been made to ensure equality as a foundation to colonize which causes the issues misogyny and with the lack of historical content of women in Liberia the need for further analysis it is noted that women were hardly acknowledged and only seen as an object in creating a bigger population needed
...g their academic theories accessible to common people through grassroots campaigns and political action. Practically, Africana womanism is still vastly underdeveloped and leaves much to be desires outside of academia.
The writings of women in West Africa are similar to the writings of men in reaction to the distorting images and representation projected by the imperial colonial masters. Authors like Chinua Achebe and others wrote to tell the African man’s story by an African in order to set ‘the record straight.’ In doing this, they bring to the fore their own bias and stereotypes about women in the society. Their writings were replete with the ‘African way’ of treating women – objects, properties, and expendable (Boyce Davies 1994). While women like Flora Nwapa and other earlier writers told the African woman story without an appearance of opposition to the male hegemony, “male literary critics have tended to marginalize women’s writing and to dismiss foundational
For centuries, educated and talented women were restricted to household and motherhood. It was only after a century of dissatisfaction and turmoil that women got access to freedom and equality. In the early 1960’s, women of diverse backgrounds dedicated tremendous efforts to the political movements of the country, which includes the Civil Rights movement, anti-poverty, Black power and many others (Hayden & King, 1965). The Africa...
In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, women of the Ibo tribe are terribly mistreated, and viewed as weak and receive little or no respect outside of their role as a mother. Tradition dictates their role in life. These women are courageous and obedient. These women are nurturers above all and they are everything but weak.
Arguably, the effects which Europe’s global colonialism have had on women of the African diaspora can be most easily seen on the African continent. Kenyan feminist and environmental activist, Wangari Maathai, explores the legacy of colonialism and oppression in her native country through her moving 2006 memoir, Unbowed. Maathai explains that over t...
“You educate a man; you educate a man. You educate a woman; you educate a generation” Brigham Young ("Good reads," 2008). I have started with this remarkable quote to support my topic and how the women education is important for any community and nation. I have chosen to write about the women’s education rights in Afghanistan I believe that the education of women is necessary for any country’s development. In fact, women are the mothers, sisters and daughters and they deserve to be a part of the society. Also, Women should be treated the same as men, so they can be productive in their countries and contribute to its development. Women need to be independent and have their right to study and join schools and colleges. Actually, they can be effective citizens if they have enough support. Woman who can take an active part in the development process improve the economy power of the country raise the level of economic and for her family, can raise the level of personal income. Women need to have the basic knowledge, so they can deal with different life issues. They need to be educated, so they can be aware of different diseases and participate in the development of their country. Also, the lack of education for women can be a reason of social and economic problems. This will not help to develop their country if government doesn't believe in the importance of the education for women. As Nelson The role of women's education in development. Mandela said “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” ("Good reads," 2008).
...." Women, Men and Development. March 2004: 1-27. SIRS Government Reporter. Web. 11 Mar. 2014.
Gender equality is a major issue amongst today’s current events. Organisations, groups and protests have sprung up in accordance with third wave feminism which shines light directly on women in the work force and their role in it. Whilst this has mainly been an issue dealt with by developed nations, a more inquisitive look into the role of gender equality can be found in the development of developing economies. Gender inequality is an issue that plagues developing nations and only through a thorough understanding of it can any important change be done. Whilst professionals in the field of development all agree that gender equality is critical, evidence can only be found in real world examples and theories that aim to improve equality. This
African nations regularly fall to the bottom of any list measuring economic activity, such as per capita income or per capita GDP, despite a wealth of natural resources. The bottom 25 spots of the United Nations (UN) quality of life index are regularly filled by African nations. In 2006, 34 of the 50 nations on the UN list of least developed countries are in Africa. In many nations, the per capita income is often less than $200 U.S. per year, with the vast majority of the population living on much less. In addition, Africa's share of income has been consistently dropping over the past century by any measure. In 1820, the average European worker earned about three times what the average African did. Now, the average European earns twenty times what the average African does. Although per capita incomes in Africa have also been steadily growing, and poverty falling, measures are still far better in other parts of the world, such as Latin America, which suffers from many of the same disadvantages that Africa has.
The inequality of genders is a factor to the issue of poverty. Many nations are trying their best to fix the issue of gender inequality. Gender inequality is very visible in the primary and secondary levels of education in Ghana. The amount of boys always tends to outnumber the girls. Due to the fact that many women do not have any educational background, they either end up trading or get engaged in agriculture activity. In sub-Saharan Africa, women are barely recognized in issues that are non-agriculture. About 64% of women are mainly employed in the agriculture sector. The low employment level of women makes poverty a stronghold in the household of women. Women tend to not get enough income to support themselves and their families, especially when they are single parents or the man is unemployed. Women also tend to face low employment rates, and those with a good education, who have the chance of being employed, rarely get the opportunity. The women who are lucky enough to get employed are rarely promoted due to their
Holmarsdottir B. Et al, Gendered Voices: Reflections on Gender and Education in South Africa and Sudan. Rotterdam: Springer. 2013. Print.
It is no longer a language used for specific occasion. It has become a first and/or second language for several million in and outside Nigeria. The fact that English is the language of education, media, governance, and business necessitate such progression. Adegbite (2004) also corrobates Gorlach’s assertion that English in Nigeria has progressed from interethnic lingua franca into entire domains of the society. Danladi (2003:6), however, caution that, although English has become important in the entire aspects of the society, there are varying degree of competence and performance. According to Adegbite (2004:25), in such cases, and among other functions, ‘English should provide an expected co-coordinating role as a way of inter-ethnic and international
The history of women’s rights in Africa has affected its present state. Established in 2003, by the African Union (AU), (Meyersfeld 13) the Maputo Protocol promises women equal rights and the right to an abortion if the woman conceived he baby through incest, rape, or if having the baby would be injurious to the mother’s health. (Meyersfeld 12) However, as of 2013 the Maputo Protocol has yet to be ratified by eighteen countries. (African Business News 51) Africa is a continent in which there are countries where a woman needs permission from her husband to travel, to work, or to open a bank account. (Moleketi 10) To this day, women are still seen as subordinate to men. These primit...