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The European slave trade
Child trafficking (causes and consequences)
Conditions in the slave trade
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The question of would I rather be a slave of the Atlantic system or Devshirme system, is a pretty much an easy decision. The Atlantic system of slave trading consisted of horrible conditions all around from the ships they were boarded on to the new land they were sold into to start off. Olaudah Equiano described his view of one of the ships saying he “saw a large furnace of copper boiling, and a multitude of black people of every description chained together, every one of their countenances expressing dejection and sorrow”(Documents: Africa and The Slave Trade, 29). These slaves were taken from their homeland in Parts of West Africa, The Gold Coast (where present day Nigeria is located) and Angola. The people who were sold into slavery were mostly prisoners from other tribes from all genders and even children. Sometimes people would even trick their neighbors and kin into being sold into slavery. John Barbot …show more content…
described how they tricked them by “desiring the person they intend to sell, to help them carry something to the factory by way of trade, and when there, the person so deluded, not understanding the language is sold and deliver’d up as a slave”(Documents: Africa and The Slave Trade, 27). This type of slavery had a purpose, filled with greed and lust by all the people involved from the people who shipped them to the plantation owners. The Slaves of the Atlantic system played a major role in the agricultural fields of the West Indies and later the Americas. Surprisingly, all slaves weren’t treated equally, as in the case of Olaudah Equiano. Slaves like Equiano were privileged with some respect of humanity most however, were tortured with various methods. The Atlantic systems views of these slaves were inhumane, working them to death, and punishing them for not complying. Resistance was common among these slaves and was put down with punishment to stop other slaves from attempting to flee. The desire of freedom loomed heavy in their hearts, “ Indeed, such were the horrors of my views and fears at the moment, that, if ten thousand worlds have been my own, I would have freely parted with them all to exchange my condition with that of the meanest slave in my own country” Equiano describes (Documents: Africa and The Slave Trade, 29). The Slaves hadn’t really been involved with Religion; however, it was the goals of some people to turn these new slaves into Christians. Prior to Slavery though, yes I believe they participated in a religious and/or spiritual group. The Devshirme system was much more humane to the enslaved although it may not seem that way at first.
The Ottomans ransacked Balkan villages and cities every year and took boys and young men from their homes and “took them to the capital where they were trained to become administrators, soldiers in the elite Janissary corps, and, sometimes, palace officials”(Documents: The Rise Of The Ottoman Empire, 59). These Slaves were very important to the power and society of the Ottoman Empire and it’s everlasting glory featuring Elite newly Islamic soldiers and even newly Islamic Officials of the Ottoman Empire in a heavily Islamic influenced society. Most were treated like every other person among the empire and were considered “one of them” when they were converted to Islam. Ottoman Society didn’t seem to have a problem among these slaves physically or sexually. Resistance didn’t seem to be desired by these slaves among the devshirme system because of how well they have been treated and granted some lives with opportunities and riches they wouldn’t have had
before. Overall, examining both Slavery systems, I have come to the conclusion that the devshirme system of the Ottoman Empire is more tolerable and less cruel than that of the Atlantic system and would have to be the slavery system I could place myself into. The African slaves suffered terrible hardships some working long, hot strenuous hours in the beating sun also having the thought of being tortured on the top of their head at all times. Although I’d be forced to convert to Islam, it’d be more tolerable than working on a sugar plantation in the West Indies.
The origin tale of the African American population in the American soil reveals a narrative of a diasporic faction that endeavored brutal sufferings to attain fundamental human rights. Captured and forcefully transported in unbearable conditions over the Atlantic Ocean to the New World, a staggering number of Africans were destined to barbaric slavery as a result of the increasing demand of labor in Brazil and the Caribbean. African slaves endured abominable conditions, merged various cultures to construct a blended society that pillared them through the physical and psychological hardships, and hungered for their freedom and recognition.
The first thing the slavers do is to strip their prisoners naked, since they treat the people that they capture not as humans, but as a commodity from which they want to gain a profit. They train their prey from the moment of internment, “they began with humiliation, they tore the clothes off our backs” (Hill 29). Aminata is a Muslim, and the reader is able to ascertain in the first pages how full of pride her people were and how much they valued their families. Women were the main workers and Aminata was trained from her mother in being a midwife. The village life is shown as a normal community encompassing jealousy and other customary happenings. When Aminata first is captured, she becomes an orphan, since the slave traders murder her parents. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, to humiliate somebody means “to lower or depress the dignity or self-respect of; to mortify” (humiliate). The first thing the captors do to the newly captured is therefore to take their dignity and consequently their humanity away. The captors make it clear to the caught that they see them as a commodity; humans are wares that they plan to sell in order to make money. They are not...
The first aspects we can analyze is the level of difference between the slavery of Africa compared to the European form of slavery. As these sources illustrate traditional African slavery was quite different on several levels compared to the European form of slavery many are familiar with. Slavery in Africa as stated before can be more closely associated with indentured servitude where the slaves were often treated as a member of the family rather than treated with brutality. According to the multiple sources discussed earlier, a prominent aspect of European slavery in Africa was to the harsh treatment and dehumanizing of its slave it order to keep them subordinate to their European captures. Historians might beg the question why was European slavery different than traditional African
The land could be used by the peasant to grow crops. The farmers were required to pay the rulers for this. The Ottoman succeeded in capturing both land and sea. They had improved their technology and war skills by capturing Italian cities. For instance, the capture of Constantinople in 1453 gave the Ottoman the advantage as they could use the captured towns to increase the taxes and trade routes (Burbank & Cooper, 132). After they had captured Constantinople, they traveled west and occupied more land. Their improved technology and seafaring skills gave them a competitive advantage in war. On the other hand, the Spanish colonized Americans and forced them to work on their lands to produce goods for export. Through capture of Latin America, the Spanish were able to take part in Columbian exchange that brought merchandise to Europe, Africa, and America. Both The Ottomans and Spanish participated the in slave trade by capturing slaves who become part of their workforce. The Spanish captured slaves from African and took them to Latin America to work on their farms. The law prohibited enslaving of Islamic people. Thus the Ottoman had to capture slaves from
Becoming a slave was terrible; someone was either born a slave or kidnapped. When slavery first started, white Europeans went into Africa and kidnapped African Americans. As the years went on this process became too difficult for the Europeans, so they established hundred of trading station along Africa’s West Coast. Local African rulers and black merchants delivered the captured people to the posts and them sell as slaves.
Growing up in the United States, many Americans have come to learn that the slave trade often started on the West African coast, but after reading Olaudah Equiano’s narrative and Reversing Sail written by Michael Gomez, we can see that the slave trade was already transpiring way before the trans-Atlantic trade. Before the European trade even occurred, there were systems of slavery that were happening already within different provinces or districts. Based on Equiano’s narrative, he observed “that their subjection to the king of Benin was little more than nominal; for every transaction of the government was conducted by chiefs or elders of the place” (Equiano 5). Based on that, we can see that there were designated chiefs, kings, and judges in
... own. If the master does not have sufficient wealth to facilitate this, she or he must sell, hire out, or manumit the slave as ordered. Masters were encouraged to educate slaves, to teach them how to write/read, etc. Slave-owners had no right in harming a slave under Islamic rule, unless the slave had committed a crime, in which the penalty would be lessened. In America, slaves had no such right to demand the sustenance to be of the same quality the master had, the treatment of slaves in the United States was generally brutal and degrading. Whipping, execution and sexual abuse were common ways in making a slave ‘behave’. Slaves were not educated as to not encourage them to escape or rebel. Punishment was most often meted out in response to disobedience or perceived infractions, but slaves were also sometimes abused to assert the dominance of their master or overseer.
The Africans slaves were treated just as badly as the Native Americans if not worse. They were forced to work hard gruesome hours in a fields, never feed or kept in good health, they were branded like common farm animals and brutally tortured at any signs of disobedience and resistance. As European crops and materials grew in demand, more African slaves were brought to the New World for work, thus beginning the Atlantic slave trade Europeans justified the Atlantic slave trade, which was the buying and selling of African slaves, in different ways. Three commonly used excuses being one: “ Apologist for the African slave trade long argued that European traders purchased African who had already been enslaved and who otherwise would have been put to death.Thus, apologists claimed the slave trade actually saved lives.” As well as two: “ In the Christian world, the most important rationalization for slavery was the so called ‘Curse of Ham’ According to the doctrine, the Bible figure Noah had cursed his son Ham with blackness and the condition slavery.” The last justification was that Europeans, full of greed and power, needed more people that weren't of European descendent to do all the dirty, hard and dangerous work for them. All of
Unlike the majority of colonist who fled to the new nation to escape issues in their former home, slaves’ were instituted into the trans Atlantic slave trade. From there, this is where slaves’ lives began to develop. When the Trans Atlantic slave trade began, numerous slaves were shipped into the Americas when the Portuguese search for gold fell short, they resulted in a much more plentiful commodity. A commodity of Humans developed to benefit the expanding of the European empire and their need for a work force. With the original inhabitants slowly dying off to disease, the desire shifted towards the African Americans since they expressed hard working characteristics, as well as resistant to certain diseases and capable of withstanding the long and exhausting work days in the heat of the south. From there the potential of slave lives would not develop much. As Frederick Douglass describes his experiences with a past master, it helps get a sense of ...
Another benefit to having the Africans as slaves was because they were immune to most European diseases. They had no one to help them escape or fight against their mistreatment, no friends in the Americas, no allies, and no knowledge of how America’s layout looked liked or even where America was to escape to their homes in Africa, they were the perfect type for being slaves. The appeal of having these people live on their land to care for their farms was to keep an eye on their investments. The slaves would reproduce with each other and the children were held hostage, or born into
Slavery has plagued Africa and its people for a few thousand years. Slavery or involuntary human servitude was practiced across Africa and much of the world from ancient times to the modern era. Slavery mainly took place within the country but later turned into a huge trading export. This paper focuses on the history of slavery in the west (Americas) and the effects on Africa, its people and the idea of race.
Servitude is a usual part of African ritual. Tribes would often use trade to obtain slaves by going to the head chief and trading for livestock. Not only did various tribes trade with the people of their countries, but with the Europeans of other nationalities as well. There were times that tribes would go to war and keep chiefs and prisoners of war were kept as slaves, to trade with European countries. Many times slaves were sold due to being punished, or to rape and other various crimes. Some were also forced into life of captivity. It was common for young individuals to be kidnapped and taken to a home of a common family to work and serve them. Many owners would treat their slaves fairly. The masters would own a piece of property and have an apartment for their own personal family along with a home for the enslaved family. Equiano talks about how many slaves owned their own slaves in some cases. If a family was wealthy enough, they would accommodate their property, meaning the slaves. They were a part of the owner’s family and were as brutally treated comparing to slaves of the Colonial U.S.
The experiences of enslaved women differed from the experience of enslaved men in ancient Rome; slavery within ancient Rome can be traced back to the first century BCE and was based primarily on the chattel slave system. Slavery within the ancient roman society was highly normalised as it was considered a part of roman culture. Slavery within ancient Rome was so heavily normalised that it is considered to be described as a “slave society” Joshel (2010, p. 6) states that “For slaves living in the Roman world, there was no outside – no place without slavery and no movement that declared slavery wrong. Slavery was a normal part of life, and this was true not only for the Romans but for every neighbouring ancient culture”. Not only was slavery considered a normal part of Roman life, but it affected a great proportion of the Roman population. According to historian Walter Scheidel (2007, p. 6) “ There were somewhere between 5 to 8 million slaves in the Roman empire, some 250,000 to 400,000 new slaves were required every year to maintain the numbers”. A majority of these figures were men, children and - women; either being enslaved through birth, kidnapping or captured through war. Roman slaves were not seen as victims nor was slavery considered to be a crime at that time, as slavery was considered to be to a ‘natural law of the nations’ as stated by Joshel (2010, p.6) “For the Roman lawyer, slavery is not a crime, and the enslaved are not victims; rather, as Gaius and other Roman jurists nations. Natural law applies to all animals, not only human beings, but it concerns little more than the union of male and female, procreation of children, and their rearing”. With an estimated 5 to 8 million slaves within the Roman Empire, whether...
The Atlantic slave trade was the largest and longest ongoing international voyage in human history. Taking place as early as the 1440’s, the slave trade gives valuable account for the trade in slaves from various parts of the world. The author gives a regulation from West Africa to as far as the Arabic region along southern parts of the Mediterranean Sea into a lesser degree talks about the Arabic slave trade in East Africa, this period profound economic, social, political, cultural, religious, and military change. I strongly agree with how the authors attempted to explain the circumstances under which the African enslavement occurred in Africa through the dismay Middle Passage and sale of the slaves in America. A brief introduction to the Slave trade was in the 1502, the first African slaves were taken to Hispaniola. In 1888, Brazil became the last nation in the western Hemisphere to outlaw slavery. For the nearly 400 years in between, slavery played a major role in linking the histories of Africa, North and South America, and Europe. Johannes Postma begins with an overview and a detail explanation of the 5 most important aspects of the Atlantic Slave Trade. First was the capture of slaves and the Middle Passage, the identities of the enslaved and their lives after captured, the economics of the slave trade, the struggle to end slavery, and the legacy of t...
The transatlantic slave trade occurred throughout the entire continent of Africa and was divided into two eras, the first and the second Atlantic systems. The first Atlantic system was the slave trade of Africans to Portuguese and Spanish territories. The second Atlantic system which made up most of the transatlantic slave trade is the one I will focus on. This second Atlantic system, was characterized by the shipment of Africans from countries such as Senegal, Gambia, Ghana, Angola, and the Democratic Republic of Congo to the ...