1. Patient Description:
Patient is a young school age boy with light brown hair and deep brown eyes. He has a very friendly demeanor and is dressed in a polo shirt, shorts, and wears uneven socks. He lives in a home with his mother and attends school regularly. He states that he likes school but that his favorite time of day is when he is in his bedroom playing with his toys. He says that his best friend is his stuffed bear, Pooh and that he waits for him every day until he returns from school. Patient immediately starts talking about a wonderful place that he visits with his toys calls the "Hundred Acre Wood." When inquired if this is a place that he dreams about he replies that it is not in fact a dream, and that he visits this magical place with his toys. He soon shares a book titled Winnie-the-Pooh by A.A Milne. Inside of the book he reveals various drawings of his toys and their homes. The patient shows where he lives in this magical place which is the inside of a large tree. He also has a swing drawn outside the front door of his "home." Patient seems very proud of his drawings and is passionate about this make-belief place. When asked if he could show me this wonderful place, he responded that only he can see his toys and go on adventures with them. Besides this fault the patient seems to show no other signs of mental disorder.
Conclusions:
Although patient seems like a normal boy at first glance, he does show signs of a mental disorder. He can be easily diagnosed with schizophrenia since he is unable to differentiate between real life and his imaginary world. Although his toys are real, he hallucinates having experiences and adventures with them, a sure sign of a psychological disorder. Luckily, the patient does not have h...
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...r therapies for treating depression including electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). ECT is a biomedical therapy that sends an electric current through the brain of an anesthetized patient. These mini shock-induced seizures calm the neural centers of the brain and help to boost the production of new brain cells. Many are skeptical of this treatment but after years of testing and usage, it has been proven to work and has the same benefits as medication. Another controversial method, rTMS, uses magnetic energy pulses to stimulate or suppress brain functioning and activity. This procedure has been used to energize the relatively inactive frontal lobe and thus decrease depressive symptoms. Although this patient struggles with daily sadness and a loss of interest, there are plenty of treatment options available to him.
My patient Gerald –according to the video- is diagnosed with a textbook case schizophrenia. He exhibits paranoid thinking and his speech is disorganized, his thoughts are loosely connected, and he has formed delusions, he exhibits mood disturbances, and exhibits disordered behaviors (Schizophrenia: Gerald, Part 1). The goal for Gerald is multi-factorial; first, it is important to place into context that Gerald’s schizophrenia is refractory to pharmacological management. Due to Gerald’s complex presentation of multiple symptoms, the goal for the interaction is improved m...
... in assisting those who care about the bipolar individual, as well as providing socialization and a means to not feel alone. Generally, as a last resort, electroconvulsive therapy, or ECT is used. An electrical current is passed through the brain. This is thought to change the brain chemistry and increase the mood. This is used only for severe depression or when symptoms are unsuccessfully treated with medications. People with Bipolar Disorder are encouraged to avoid drinking alcohol, avoid the use of street drugs or misusing prescription medications, avoid unhealthy relationships, get plenty of sleep, and exercise on a regular basis. One thing is clear. The person themselves must be active in their own well-being in order to maintain a relatively healthy and productive lifestyle. In so doing, the prognosis for someone diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder is very good.
At the age of twenty Charles’s experienced his first psychotic break. Not knowing what was happening Mother called the police as she believed the hallucinations and delusions were from marijuana and cocaine use. Charles was taken to the local jail and from there to the hospital when the symptoms remained for 12 hrs. At which time Charles was diagnosed with schizophrenia.
The magnetic pulses easily pass through the skull and causes small electrical currents that stimulate nerve cells in the targeted brain region. The magnetic field that is produced lasts 100 to 200 microseconds, and the procedure is less invasive than the ECT. rTMS may increase blood flow and the metabolism of glucose in the prefrontal cortex. It like ECT can additionally be a treatment option for mania but continues to be
Philosophy is a complicated subject. Since the beginning of human existence, many tried to come up with theories about life, happiness, reality and knowledge. From philosophical ideas different beliefs sprung, and existence of different religions followed. Every theory raised by a philosopher attracted different followers. In today's modern society aside from major religions, there are thousands of others that suggest that their explanations to universal questions are the only accurate ones, and all of these religions seek to gain more followers to join their "way". One of these religions is the religion/philosophy of Taoism. Taoism has it roots in China, where the founder of Taoism Lao-Tse was searching for a way that would avoid the constant feudal warfare and other conflicts that disrupted his society during his lifetime. The result was his book: Tao-te-Ching. Lao-Tse described Taoism as a path or a way which one must follow in order to reach inner serenity and peace. In order to reach these inner goals one must live in harmony with nature and natural process that creates the balance in the universe.
Delusion and hallucination in their different forms are the major symptom of psychotic disorders. There is a growing evidence however that these symptoms are not exclusively pathological in nature. The evidences show that both delusion and hallucination occur in a variety of forms in the general population. This paper presents and analyzes the relationship between the above major psychotic symptoms with normal anomalous experiences that resembles these symptoms in the normal population.
When the two-year old male arrived, he was very shy and made little contact with those who were surrounding him. The only eye contact that he made was with his grandmother. He said no more than “hey” to those in the room as he covered his face in the bosom of his grandmother. After about thirty-five minutes of being at what appeared to be a strange place to the young child, he slowly eased away from the warmth of his grandmother and began to explore the surrounding area, which was the backyard. At first, the child d not get any further than twenty feet from his grandmother for no more than
Efficacy of continuation ECT and antidepressant drugs compared to long-term antidepressants alone in depressed patients. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1960-1965. Guttmacher, L. B. (1994). Concise Guide to Psychopharmacology and Electroconvulsive Therapy.
Currently, there is a lack of studies in regards to whether or not this therapy causes significant damage to the brain. Correspondingly, there is little research done in regards to how great relapse rates are and how long the treatment can truly last. Consequently, many people have abstained from receiving treatment to avoid any possibility of impairment or reversion. However, it has not been denied nor confirmed that ECT directly causes the aforementioned results. Moreover, many theories created to downplay electroconvulsive therapy’s effectiveness are being brought back into the spotlight, including one that attributes ECT’s success to brain damage. Breggin states, “More recently [Harold] Sackeim and Sackeim with a team of colleagues have covertly revived the principle that a therapeutic response depends upon the degree of brain damage and dysfunction” (par. 17). Although this theory was made to discredit ECT, there has been no research done to disprove its accuracy. Furthermore, because of a lack of research, when a new study such as this comes out, many people believe it right away no matter how erroneous it may actually be. More research on ECT is desperately needed to see if these theories are factual or not. As a result of these truths or fallacies, the therapy can be improved upon
After analyzing the possible mental issues displayed within the animals in Winnie-the-Pooh, there is a question with the mental state of the author A. A. Milne. The characters within the story could have possibly displayed Milne’s mental disabilities that he faced on a day to day schedule.
An individual who has a mental illness can be a danger to themselves and others. They don't live a normal life that is guaranteed to them, holding them back from being successful and having a bright future. If medications are not working for a mental illness, then the patient can consider electroconvulsive therapy. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a medical procedure that sends currents of electricity through your brain. ECT saves lives and is ethical to treat patients using “psychosurgical” procedure.
Depression is a mental illness, which affects millions of Americans each year. Currently there are many prescription drugs, called anti-depressants that have been proven to successfully treat it. The causes of depression are somewhat of a medical enigma, however, it is known that depression is associated with a change in the brains chemistry involving the function of neurotransmitters (Reichert). This chemical change occurs in healthy brain’s, which experience sadness, but ends after the unpleasant stimulus is removed. In people suffering from depression this chemical change does not correspond to any particular stimulus. Symptoms of depression are often incapacitating and include severe and extended sadness, feelings of worthlessness, feelings of emptiness, irritability and anxiety (Reichert, Spake).
Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory is a well-known book about an eccentric candy maker living in his own mystical world that has been made into two popular movies. Wonka is a character that is two things at once; unflappable and socially anxious, overly friendly but also untrustworthy and isolated, altruistic and sadistic, hopeful and cynical, grandiose and fragile (Pincus, 2006). While Willy Wonka may be a fictional character, he does display the very real disorder Schizotypal Personality Disorder or SPD. Schizotypal Personality Disorder is a personality disorder that affects approximately 3.9% of the American population and is similar to Schizophrenia but without delusions or hallucinations (Pulay et al., 2009). While little is known about the causes of Schizotypal Personality Disorder, it is becoming a significant personality disorder that warrants an understanding of what is currently known about the disorder and treatments available to individuals living with SPD.
?What is the role of ECT in the treatment of mania?? Harvard Mental Health Letter. June 1997.
Psychological Approach to “Little Red Riding Hood” By looking at Broumas’ Little Red Riding Hood you can apply the three Freudian zones of the psychological approach to the poem, which are the id, superego, and ego. The three Freudian zones allow the reader to look at different aspects that are believed to rule our lives. Each zone has a different meaning that interrelates with the other. Broumas’ Little Red Riding Hood has lots of evidence that gives clues to what the main character may have been proposing to her mother.