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Industrial Revolution in Great Britain
The industrial revolution and the British economy
Industrial Revolution in Great Britain
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Before the 19th century, and the spread of the industrial revolution around the globe, nearly all offices were small offices and/or home offices, with only a few exceptions. Most businesses were small, and the paperwork that accompanied them was limited. The industrial revolution aggregated workers in factories, to mass-produce goods. In most circumstances, the white collar counterpart—office work—was aggregated as well in large buildings, usually in cities or densely populated suburban
areas.
In the 1920s it was an era where we see throughout history in the United States, many events that had an major impact to the society, people and financial. For example many events that had an impact that had created biggest changes to society are the business of America, business and government, the women’s freedom, and the birth of civil liberties. Referring to the book “Give Me Liberty by Eric Foner in the Chapter 20 from business culture to great depression (1920-1932)”, these are the events that had a biggest change in the 1920s.
The Industrial Revolution in America began to develop in the mid-eighteen hundreds after the Civil War. Prior to this industrial growth the work force was mainly based in agriculture, especially in the South (“Industrial Revolution”). The advancement in machinery and manufacturing on a large scale changed the structure of the work force. Families began to leave the farm and relocate to larger settings to work in the ever-growing industries. One area that saw a major change in the work force was textile manufacturing. Towns in the early nineteen hundreds were established around mills, and workers were subjected to strenuous working conditions. It would take decades before these issues were addressed. Until then, people worked and struggled for a life for themselves and their families. While conditions were harsh in the textile industry, it was the sense of community that sustained life in the mill villages.
The Industrial Revolution was a fundamental change in the production of goods that altered the life of the working class. Similar to most other historical turning points, it had skeptics, or people that doubted the change, and fanatics, people who saw the value in the change being made. The Industrial Revolution and the period that followed shortly after highlight these varying opinions, as people were more conflicted than ever about the costs of industrialization. While industrialization started in England as an attempt to capitalize on the good fortune they had struck, it quickly developed into a widespread phenomenon that made the production of goods more exact and controlled by higher level people. Many industries, such as the cotton and textile businesses, were previously run through organizations called “cottage industries”.
The Dark ages is the time between the 500’s and 1400’s. The Dark ages was a time of civil wars, Death, diseases, invasions and thief. There was a lot of invasions and to protect them self from that communities made a code call The code of Chivalry as (Doc 5) states “Europe in the Middle Ages was a dangerous place. Invasions from Muslims, Mongols, Vikings, and other tribal groups were common. War between lords was also common. The value of protection and warriors created a social code called Chivalry. Knights fought for lords and ladies, and lived by a gentleman- warrior code of Chivalry.” And other big thing in The Dark Ages was Diseases. Diseases in the dark ages was deadly because there was not antidote and even Doctors were scared of
For quite some time Americans have been led to believe that during the 1820s and 30s, Jacksonian Democrats were the guardians of the people, and worked to improve the nation for the people. The truth remains, however, that during this period, President Jackson vetoed a bill to recharter the Bank of the United States of America, infringed on the rights of Native Americans, used “brute” force to bring Southerners under submission during the Tariff of 1832. He enacted the Spoils System which did not guarantee the best leadership, and was morally corrupt. Although the nation’s economy and political democracy flourished during the reign of President Jackson, constitutional rights, equal opportunity and individual liberties were discouraged.
The mid 19th century was an age of growth like no other. The term “Industrial Revolution” refers to the time period where production changed from homemade goods, to those produced by machines and factories. As industrial growth developed and cities grew, the work done by men and women diverged from the old agricultural life. People tended to leave home to work in the new factories being built. They worked in dangerous conditions, were paid low wages, and lacked job security (Kellogg). It is difficult to argue, however, that the economic development of the United States was not greatly dependent on the industrial revolution.
In this period, the U.S. was struggling with defining what exact ideals it was going to have due to the effects of having a rapid territorial and economic changes. There was a conflict with Great Britain because they repeatedly took control of how the U.S. interacted with other states, there was a risk that America was going to lose its independence. This conflict resolved from the War of 1812. After the War of 1812, the United States of America had finally gotten complete independence from the United Kingdom’s control. However, this was not the only thing that America was remembered for during this period. After getting out of Great Britain’s control, the U.S. was able to expand its territory as much as they could. This was the idea of Manifest Destiny, the idea that America was
19th-Century Women Works Cited Missing Women in the nineteenth century, for the most part, had to follow the common role presented to them by society. This role can be summed up by what historians call the “cult of domesticity”. The McGuffey Readers does a successful job at illustrating the women’s role in society. Women that took part in the overland trail, as described in “Women’s Diaries of the Westward Journey” had to try to follow these roles while facing many challenges that made it very difficult to do so. One of the most common expectations for women is that they are responsible for doing the chore of cleaning, whether it is cleaning the house, doing the laundry.
America was booming throughout the eastern hemisphere and many people were packing to begin their new lives. America soon became known a place of hope for those that needed it. Since new colonies were beginning citizens dreamed to start and be apart of a city upon a hill. 16th century writers wrote several stories about works on perfect societies such as Richard Hakluyt and even Shakespeare. 14th century there was one legal Catholic Church in England because Henry VIII broke England's ties with the Catholic Church. This caused people to leave the Catholic Church all over Northern Europe which is the Protestant Reformation. Henry's actions actions caused religious dissent and sectarianism and soon after he died his catholic daughter Mary
As the Roman Empire weakened and eventually collapsed, most of Europe was plunged into the time period known as the Middle Ages. Rome’s internal weaknesses intensified to the point where they could no longer sustain military control, and they fell to invasions from Germanic tribes. These peoples were described by Rome as barbaric and uncivilized, and destruction quickly intruded into the lives of the citizens of the former powerful empire as thieves and robbers soon took control of the former Roman roads making travel a dangerous and life threatening venture. The previous routes for travel and trade which had increased growth and prosperity were now useless, as goods and items could not be transported which resulted in great deprivation.
The 1920’s were also referred to as the roaring 20’s because it was a time of and change in the U.S. However, with this new decade came reform, with this reform came conflicts. During the first fifteen years of the Twentieth Century, more than 13,000,000 individuals came to the United States. For quite a while, open feeling against unlimited movement had been developing. Through a progression of measures coming full circle in the Immigration Quota Law of 1924, the yearly number of outsiders was restricted to 150,000, to be circulated among people groups of different nationalities in extent to the quantity of their comrades as of now in the United States in 1920. From 1820 to 1929, more than 32,000,000 people from Europe had gone to the United States, where they had discovered new homes and manufactured new lives and contributed lavishly to its way of life.
Through the years, techonology has created and destroyed jobs for blue collar employees, the creation of new manufacturing process in the 18th century developed new jobs but also required less employees to operate its new technological advances, leaving a hand select group, unemployed. You can argue the type writer or the Personal Computer (PC) created jobs, and revolutionized efficiency, but over time, the PC took...
During the early 20th century the factory system started to flourish, and many managers were rather concerned as to how to organize the workforce. Managers were required to find new ways to maximize both the machinery and the workers, this led to the centralization of both labor and equipment in factories, and division of specialized labor.
By the late 1800s, people problems were a very real concern in the workplace. For the average blue-collar worker, most jobs were low-paying, monotonous and unsafe. Some industries experienced difficulty recruiting and retaining employees because of the poor working conditions workers were exposed to. As the means of production continued to shift from farmlands and guilds to city factories, concerns grew about wages, safety, and child labor and 12-hour workdays. Workers began to band together in unions to protect their interests and improve living standards. Government stepped in to provide basic rights and protections for workers.
Historically though, the impact of technology has been to increase productivity in specific areas and in the long-term, “release” workers thereby, creating opportunities for work expansion in other areas (Mokyr 1990, p.34). The early 19th Century was marked by a rapid increase in employment on this basis: machinery transformed many workers from craftsmen to machine minders and although numbers fell relative to output – work was replaced by employment in factories (Stewart 1996, p.13).