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Science and technology in medicine in the middle ages
Feudalism and its impact
Feudalism and its impact
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The Dark ages is the time between the 500’s and 1400’s. The Dark ages was a time of civil wars, Death, diseases, invasions and thief. There was a lot of invasions and to protect them self from that communities made a code call The code of Chivalry as (Doc 5) states “Europe in the Middle Ages was a dangerous place. Invasions from Muslims, Mongols, Vikings, and other tribal groups were common. War between lords was also common. The value of protection and warriors created a social code called Chivalry. Knights fought for lords and ladies, and lived by a gentleman- warrior code of Chivalry.” And other big thing in The Dark Ages was Diseases. Diseases in the dark ages was deadly because there was not antidote and even Doctors were scared of …show more content…
The bird-like beak contained spices and vinegar-soaked cloth to mask the stench of death and decay.” And in the dark ages there was a lot of civil wars and invasions and to prove that (Doc 7) states “The barbarians have broken through the ramparts [defensive wall]. The Saracen [Moors] invasions have spread in successive waves over the South. The Hungarians [Magyars] swarm over the Eastern provinces….they sacked town and village, and laid waste in the fields. They burned the churches and then departed with a crowd of captives….There is no longer any trade, only unceasing terror….The peasant has abandoned his ravaged fields to avoid the violence of anarchy. The people have gone to cower [crouch down in fear] in the depths of the forests or in inaccessible regions, or have taken refuge in the high mountains….Society has no longer any government.” In the Dark ages life was hard as (Doc 2) states “The Manor was the economic side of feudalism. The manor was a mostly self-sufficient system in which the lord’s land (granted by the king) was farmed by his serfs (bound to the land). The manor included not just farmers, but also artisans who provided for the needs of the manor, a chapel, forest for hunting, and pastureland for farm …show more content…
Serfs, or peasants obligated to work the lord’s land, had very few freedoms. In return fpr laboring 6 days of the week, they were granted only one day a week to farm to feed their own family. They often also had to pay high rents to use the lord’s land. There was no alternative, since peasants needed the lord’s protection from raiding invaders. The Age Of Faith is between 500’s and 1400’s. The age of faith gave people hope that there will be life after death as (doc 10) states “I hereby renounce my parents, my brothers and relatives, my friends, my possessions….and the vain and empty glory and pleasure of this world. I also renounce my own will, for the will of God. I accept all the hardships of the monastic life, and take the vows of purity, chastity, and poverty, in hope of heaven; and I promise to remain a monk in this monastery all the days of my life. Another major thing in the age of faith is the Holy crusade was a war to recapture holy land as the (doc 4) states “… Your brethren who live in the [Middle] east are in urgent need of your help….For, as most of you have heard, the Turks and the Arabs have attacked them and have conquered the territory of Romania [the Byzantine Empire (old Eastern Roman Empire)]….They have occupied more and more of the lands of those Christians….All who die by the way, whether by land or sea, or in battle against the pagans, shall have immediate remission of sins. In the age of faith they built
So the peasants were extremely poor at that time. After the Black Death, population decreased, serfs and peasants were able to move around and they had much more freedom than before. They were no longer belong to the lord, and had choices of who they would work for. Most peasants chose to work for high paid jobs. The landowners, in order to attract people to work for them, provided the workers tools, housing and land. “The worker farmed all he could and paid only the rent.” The better treatment of serfs weakened the manorialism, as well as the decline of nobles.The plague killed so many people, and even nobles could not escape. The wealthy families were incapable of continuing growing, because their descendants died. So their position could not be passed on. Many families extinct. To fix this problem, the government setted up a new inheritance law which allowed both sons and daughter inherited property.
In the midst of the chaos it created, the Black Death weakened the archaic system of manorialism by causing an increase in the incomes of peasants. Manorialism was an economic system where a large class of serfs worked in the fields of the nobles in exchange for a small share of the crops. Due to the outbreak of the plague, however, there were not enough serfs for this approach to remain viable. The death of many serfs due to the Black Death meant that the ones who remained were able to ask for larger shares of the crops since their services were rare and thus more valuable. Further adding to the increase, many peasants whose requests were denied would often s...
...and military conquest (especially the crusades). People were very much focused on heaven, not on themselves as individuals. Judgment was carried out before God, not men. Document 1 shows a common punishment that left the verdict up to God. The arts (music, paintings, etc.) also looked to the heavens, showing religious figures. Artists were most often sponsored by the Church and rendered scenes from Scripture or the lives of saints (Document 16).
A major part of the fighters in the crusades were untrained and unqualified peasants who went out to get back the holy lands for the church from the ?evil Muslims? (Medieval Europe 164-167). This was called the Peasants Crusade. In order to get these peasants, who knew no better, to go and fight the church told them that if they were to go and fight these ?horrible Muslims? then they would automatically get admission into heaven. Of course this automatically appealed to the peasants being that they were so god-fearing. They thought that if they helped the church then they would go to heaven and so they jumped at such an opportunity to get a get-into-heaven-free card. These people in all their religious glory went in and attacked the city of Nicaea (TWW, 104), and got killed. The city of Nicaea was a well fortified city controlled by Seljuk Turks. The peasants went in and attacked and literally got slaughtered. Only 2000 peasants survived their hasty attack. Unfortunately most of the crusades went this way(TWW)
The Medieval Times for Europe, from the 400 AD till 1400 AD, are often labeled as “The Dark Ages”. This time period has begun after a turning point known as Fall of Rome. It caused Rome to divide into two well-known civilizations: Medieval Europe, Islam, and The Byzantine Empire. Also, Medieval Europe led to a well known utopian period of “rebirth” identified as the Renaissance. The time period between 400 CE and 1400 CE wasn’t a “Dark Age” for Europe because of progress in academic success, blossom in architecture, and religious unity along with government. It wasn’t a cultural decay or decline because of the legendary time period it led to.
Europe’s social structure in the Middle Ages consisted of feudalism. A hierarchical society of Kings granting land to nobles, who would then give a fief to a knight in return for service. The knight would then have peasants or serfs working on their fief. However, as the plague spread, many peasants died and their labour could not be replaced. This loss of workforce had a significant impact upon the economy as grain was not being harvested and livestock roamed free. The agrarian economy had been severely damaged, the land became uncultivated and returned back to its natural state. This rural collapse eventually led to food shortages in towns and cities.
As the Roman Empire weakened and eventually collapsed, most of Europe was plunged into the time period known as the Middle Ages. Rome’s internal weaknesses intensified to the point where they could no longer sustain military control, and they fell to invasions from Germanic tribes. These peoples were described by Rome as barbaric and uncivilized, and destruction quickly intruded into the lives of the citizens of the former powerful empire as thieves and robbers soon took control of the former Roman roads making travel a dangerous and life threatening venture. The previous routes for travel and trade which had increased growth and prosperity were now useless, as goods and items could not be transported which resulted in great deprivation.
A lot of people say that the southern part of the united states is what started the war. Their stubborn ways force the north to take action which lead to the civil war. In all reality there was more that came into play when the civil war was in the making. States rights was one of the problem that lead to the civil war, the constitution did not define who had what powers and what authority over one what. Also slavery played a part because the slaves were raising up and fighting for their rights in which the south did not like and and the north tried to help only making the problem worse. The differences between the free states and the slave states was the power of the national government to prohibit slavery in the territories that had not yet
In the year 476 A.D., Rome officially fell as the greatest and most thriving empire at the time. The time period following this downfall was called the Middle Ages, more infamously recalled as the Dark Ages; but were these years truly as dark as historians say? These medieval times lasted for approximately one thousand years, could such a long time period have been all that dreadful? The answer will soon become clear. The Middle Ages deserved to have the alias of the Dark Ages because there were several severe illnesses, the monarchs were cruel, and the crusades brought the death of many.
How did historians develop the name "The Dark Ages" for such an evolutional time? Many historians used to call the Middle Ages, "The Dark Ages" because nothing was really known about it, thus being in "the dark". Over time, many people developed theories that the Dark Ages was an intellectually slow and depressive age that is embarrassing to speak about. So, the question arises, Is the Dark Ages an appropriate term to describe the middle ages? An age is called Dark, not on the grounds that the light neglects to sparkle, but rather on the grounds that individuals decline to see it. The Dark Ages is not, what-so-ever, a historically accurate term. I do not feel that it should still be used. As I will soon discuss, Europe and Asia where beginning
Somebody once said , “We cannot free ourselves unless we move forward united in a single desire.” This quote fundamentally wraps up the transition of the Middle Ages to the Renaissance in 13 words. There were many aspects and elements of this period that restrained people from advancing and improving the quality of life. The Middle Ages, also known as the “Dark Ages” , consisted of violence, diseases, and lack of cultural advancement. Factors such as the northern population recovering from the plague, war ending, and city merchants becoming wealthy enough to become educated humanist led to the Europeans escaping that era and moving on to building a stronger nation.
The Dark Ages was a depressing, disease-ridden time that the peasantry wanted to escape from. Religious fanaticism was widespread across Europe along with lack of education, social isolation, and more. With the Renaissance brought more advances in medicine, recognition of the arts, awareness of other cultures and religions, more education, and the awakening of curiosity. By learning from the writings and lifestyles of the Romans and Greeks, Europeans acquired the desire to be an individual and not focus on the better good of the church or the nobility. The importance of liberal arts, the change in social hierarchies, and the new thoughts of philosophers changed dramatically from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance
...hurch and ruling class in order to survive. Now, most people have a choice of religion and most people aren’t treated like the people of the medieval period. We have more advanced medicine and have excelled in science and knowledge. As a result of the Black Death we are now an almost perfectly civilized community that knows how to try and avoid things happening such as the Black Death.
The Dark Ages is a name given to Europe during A.D. 500-1400. According to historian Frantz Funck-Brentano from document one, the conditions in Europe were really bad. There was no trade going on, only unceasing terror. This was happening because the Saracen invasions and the Hungarians were swarming over the Eastern provinces. European churches were burned down and then departed with a crowd of captives. In the years 842-846, Anglo-Saxon tells us there was a great slaughter in London, Quentaxic and Rochester. The Northmen stole goods and burned the town Dordrecht in 846 evidenced in document three.
In order for the crusades to begin, the Christians needed to gather an army to travel and fight the forces of Muslims. With all the power being held by monarchies at this time, the church needed to be cleaver in order to gain troops to put their lives on the line. To gain the support of these warriors and dedication of men, Pope Urban II (1088-1099) challenged those morals of men by telling them to grab their weapons and join the holy war to recover the land of Jerusalem. It was not the challenge that convinced men to take part in this war. The promise of “immediate remission of sins” attracted the men to stand up for their religion and beliefs while at the same time, promising them a trip to heaven when life comes to an end. With this statement, men instantly prepared for battle which in a very short period of time gave the church power which has been held by the monarchies. Men of rich and poor prepared for battle, some wearing ...