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Review of attribution theory
Attribution theory and its application
Attribution theory and its application
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Every human is guilty of automatically judging another person because of their behavior. Instead looking at the situation and actually knowing the person, they write them off as a bad person and usually dislike the person. This is called attribution. Attribution is why you think someone else acted in a particular way. For example, maybe someone was speeding because their wife was in labor and they were on the way to the hospital. You are mad because they cut you off in order to get off the correct exit, so you throw your hands up and curse at them for not knowing how to drive. You use the theory of dispositional attribution because you are saying that a person’s behavior is due to their trait. You complete ignore the situation or environment. Misattribution is a common human behavior, even though it can cause many problems. The movie, The Proposal, director by Donald Petrie portrays Margaret’s Tate’s current situation where her co-workers wrongly attribute her tough personality for being a bad person. …show more content…
She is looked at as a pushy, hard, and focused boss because of her tough work ethic. People in her office feel threatened by her because they don’t want to lose her job. For example, as she enters work, everyone group messages each other to warn of her presence. “It is here”, one worker contributes to the conversation. The entire office attributes her harsh behavior to her internal traits. They use common sense attribution, using rationality to explain others behaviors, because of how tough she is on the office. They think the only reason she must be so tough is because she is a bad, mean person inside. This can be considered misattribution because they mistakenly attribute a behavior to the wrong source and don’t consider any other contributors to the
In the short film, The Lunch Date, the white woman who misses her train commits fundamental attribution error. Fundamental attribution error is defined as the overestimation of a person's personality and the underestimation of the situation. For example, after the woman in the short film misses her train, she enters a restaurant to order a salad. She leaves her food on her table to get a fork; when she comes back, she finds that a black man is eating her salad. She believes that he is a homeless man who just stole her food, but in reality she just sat at the wrong table. She commits fundamental attribution error by judging the black man's outward appearance, and assuming that the black man did not pay for the salad.
I think this practice is best exemplified when people are stuck in agitated/unsettled states. For example, when there’s a long line at the bank and a specific person is taking a long time with one of the tellers. Someone in line who is late for work might begin to project the negative aspects of his/her situation towards the person holding up the line, who is unintentionally making him or her even more late. The person working with the teller likely has no intention of making the person in line late, however it is easier to blame others for our situation rather than to accept personal responsibility.
In the short film, The Lunch Date, the white woman who misses her train commits fundamental attribution error. Fundamental attribution error is defined as the overestimation of a person's personality and the underestimation of the situation that person is in. For example, after the woman in the short film misses her train, she enters a restaurant to order a salad. She leaves her food at her table to get a fork, when she comes back she finds that a black man is eating her salad. She believes that he is a homeless man who just stole her food, but in reality she just at the wrong table and begins to eat the salad that the man paid for. She commits fundamental attribution error by judging the man's outward appearance such as race and his choice of clothing.
Attribution theory explains people motives by giving an option of disposition or situation, of which we decipher the motive to a behavior. The fundamental attribution error is the tendency to link behaviors with personal characteristics, therefore if someone is murdered a suspect could be someone who really hates them because it gives them a motive. We can characterize a dispositional situation from a situational and come to a conclusion on why someone had a such behavior, and it helps to find a motive based on that. We can infer a motive from a behavior from things like external and internal attributions, so internal traits and responses to things.
The Self-Serving Attribution theory is when credit is given to internal reasons when one succeeds and to blame external reasons when one fails. According to this theory, Tina would explain her win to her personal bowling skills and possibly her ability to overcome Phil’s tauntings. In this case, Tina would be making an internal attribution.
“vulnerable to manipulate” and that it is “more often than not a willful ignorance and acceptance of stereotypes.” Bissoondath’s article discusses through examples of two men who are very friendly, who make unconscious insensitive remarks that are based on stereotypes. He also goes on to describe
The fundamental attribution error is an important concept in psychology. Social psychology studies people’s behaviors, believes and attitudes. In social psychology, the fundamental attribution error or what is known as the correspondence bias or attribution effect, means the tendency for people to place an undue emphasis on internal characteristics of the person, rather than external factors, which could be in explaining the reasons behind that person 's behaviors. In other words, usually when you see somebody doing something, you usually tend to think it is more related to their personality instead of thinking about the situation the person might be in and they call that the first look. We all do that without being aware of it, sometimes you judge someone based of what he looks like, or where is he wearing and where is he standing without knowing what is the reason behind his attitude. We can be influenced by culture, books, films and other things that effect our way of seeing the others. From a general perspective, Fundamental Attribution Error explanations how the fundamental attribution error have focused on general worldviews for our behaviors, believes and attitudes.
Social psychology is a type of psychology that studies how social events influence individuals and how individuals interact with others. Understanding social psychology can be very useful for several reasons. We can gain a better understanding of how groups impact our choices and actions. How certain environmental factors play apart in a person’s aggression and behaviors. We also gain a better understanding of self, how others perceive you and how you perceive yourself. It allows us to gain a greater appreciation for how our social perceptions affect our interactions with other people. In this paper I will examine several components that are included in social psychology which consist of self-concept, social cognition, attribution, social influences, group dynamics, persuasion, prejudice and discrimination, along with aggression, attitudes and stereotypes.
The Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) is a concept within social psychology that assumes when someone is aggressive, it is due to a flaw in their personality as opposed to a reaction to their personal circumstances (Aronson, Wilson & Akert, 2015). However, there is typically a situational reason for the other person’s behavior that is not taken into account through the FAE (Aronson, Wilson & Akert, 2015). I have been guilty of making the FAE myself; for example, I can think of two situations where my frustration led me to believe that there were flaws in my antagonists’ characters. Recently, my mother wanted me to assist my brother in scheduling classes for the semester. Since I was annoyed that my mother was insisting that I assist him when
Interpersonal communication can be very complicated. This assignment will discuss an interaction from my own experience whereby miscommunication occurred, or I misjudged somebody. I will be answering question one which is based on ‘perception’ with reference to specific communication theories, which include stereotyping, implicit personality theory and attribution theory. Lastly, I will discuss how having an understanding of the role that perception plays in interpersonal communication might have helped avoid the miscommunication.
#2 Your emotional and physiological state will influence the meaning you give to your perceptions. The sight of raw clams may be physically upsetting when you have a stomachache, but mouth watering when you're hungry. Also, perceiving only the positive in people that you like and only the negative in the people that you do not like is called bias. Be aware of perceptual evaluations influenced by your own biases.
The articles that I read discussed Social Perception. Social Perception was described as interpreting information about other people. If you feel that you are familiar with a person, you perceive to have a better understanding of that person intention. The pattern of thinking can affect a person’s perception of others. The social contexts, in which you meet someone, can play a large part in whether the perception of someone will be positive or negative.
Attribution theory suggests that when we observe an individual's behavior, we attempt to determine whether it was internally or externally caused. That determination depends largely on three factors: distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency. Our perceptions of people differ from our perceptions of inanimate objects.
Attributions are referred to as the causes of behaviour, and these can be viewed as dispositional or situational. Constructing attributions allows an understanding of others. This allows us to make judgments, which in turn allow us to form an impression of an individual, which will either promote or inhibit our interaction with that individual. Attribution is an important aspect of human behaviour, as it allows predications to be made with respect to forthcoming actions. Attribution explains human causal reasoning i.e. the idea that observed behaviour can be explained as being the result of a specific cause; there is an explanation or a reason behind all observed behaviour. Attribution theorists not only focus on the actual causes of behaviour, but also upon the perceived causes too.