A civilization is a society that has cities, skilled workers in different areas, institutions, a form of writing to keep record and technology that is advanced for the time. Specialization is the excellence and development of a specific set of skiils in a certain subject of work. Artisans are workers who specialize in making things by hand. Institutions are organizations that last for a long time in communities Scribes are workers who’s job was to keep records Cuneiform was an ancient type of writing which means “wedge-shaped” The Bronze Age was a period of time, about 3000 B.C., when bronze was used, instead of copper and stone. Barter is a way to trade good without having to use money. A Ziggurat is a pyramid shaped house of worship in the …show more content…
Since the population would grow, there would be people of all backgrounds, who could help to form different skills and allow people to survive in one area. The social structure of village life changed as the the economy became more complex because it allowed for classes to form. Some people had better jobs than others, and higher authority, which allowed them to make more money and therefore live a wealthier life. The irrigation systems help to keep the food supply plentiful which helped to play a role in the development of civilizations because it didn't require groupd to move when the food source got low. There are five key traits to a civilization. The first on is advanced cities, which gives a large population of people a place to live. Next, specialized workers allow trade to occur, which helps the economy. The third key requirement is complex institutions, such as government and priests. Next is record keeping, to help keep track of important things such as laws, taxes, deaths, etc. The final key trait of a civilization is advanced technologies that help to make skills easier and keep cities
As the name suggests the Bronze Age is a period of human culture, in which civilizations heavily used copper and bronze for various aspects of life and trading. The beginning of the Bronze Age is estimated to date before 3000 BCE in parts of Med. Europe, Middle East and China. Knossos and Mycenae are both archeological sites, and date back to the Bronze Age. Knossos was the capital of the ancient Minoan civilization; located on the island of Crete. Mycenae was a massive fortified palace, located between two hills on the plain of the Peloponnese, Greece.
Webster's online dictionary defines civilization as "a society in an advanced state of social development". Without the restraints of society, the behaviour of people will regress to their savage beginnings, due to the fact that one's need for survival will overpower all other impulses. The descent into savagery, man's inherent desire to survive over anything else, and the need for civilization and order shows how society unnaturally holds everyone together. Society artificially bonds everything together by imposing rules and structures and without the reminders of civilization and its conventions the savagery of human nature emerges.
Around 3500 B.C.E to 3000 B.C.E., civilizations emerged in many places. Egypt and Mesoamerica are distinctive two of them. Considering the different aspects of civilization, historians can find some same characteristics and differences which are valuable for historians to understand civilization in-depth.
Social classes became more flexible, competence rather than virtue by birth determined your fate in the social system. Better irrigation systems and agricultural techniques increased food production, repair and construction of roads made trading much easier, peace prevailed and the merchant class prospered during these times, the arrival of camels and donkeys also hastened economic vitality since it also facilitated trading, transport and commerce. The disadvantages of the new system, however, were mostly felt by the peasants. Even though they were granted private ownership of the land the government imposed heavy taxes and great rates of interests that were set by money lenders, which eventually led to peasants selling their land to local landlords; so during those times peasants tilled the land that they didn’t own and lived only as tenants (Rossabi,
According to archaeologist in order to be defined as a civilization certain criteria must be met. Early archaeologists believed in order to be considered a civilization a society must have cultural superiority, which meant they must have the ability to read and write. If this was the sole criteria used to judge if a society was labeled a civilization, then you could say the Inca of South America, who constructed cities on top of mountains and had a complex system of irrigation canals, were not one because they did not have a system for reading or writing. Modern archaeologists now think of civilization as not better but different. The modern definition of civilization consists of the development of cities, or urbanization, the existence of a centralized political unit, a dense population in the thousands and a degree of organizational complexity. After reading and listening to class lecture I believe that Catal Huyuk should be considered a civilization. As you read on I will discuss point by point why I feel Catal Huyuk was a civilization.
The basic structures and social constructs that outline what a civilization is made up of are a dense population group, a minimizing of hunter of hunter/gather habits in favor of farming and trading habits, political, administrative, and religious centers, as well as some form of notation, usually seen in writing or a number system (Smiley 2015). In addition, city-states and territorial-states are civilizations with some key differences. City-states encompass a large variety of social stratification from political
A civilization to me is people in an area coming together and learning how to work with one another. As they learned new things such as how to grow more food, and skills that will make their everyday lives easier the population starts to grow. The way people could advance in one skill gave them the opportunity to trade with each other for other goods, allowing them to become more urbanized. Every civilization is unique in it’s own way, each having cultural diversity in their music, art, and building styles.
Huntington defines a civilization as the “highest grouping of people and the broadest level of cultural identity people have short of that which distinguishes humans from other species. It is defined by common objective elements such as language, history, religion, customs and institutions…” He says most westerners think of nation states as the principle actors in global affairs, but that the broader reaches of human history shows a multitude of civilizations, 21 major civilizations as identified by Arnold Toynbee, of which only about 6 exist in the modern world. Huntington goes on to say that the 8 major civilizations: Western, Confucian, Japanese...
Civilization is an advanced state of human society, in which a high level of culture, science, industry, and government has been reached. Mesopotamia and Egypt are both perfect examples of this definition. Both of these ancient civilizations have been credited with providing the world with a plethora of contributions dating back to around 4000 B.C.
All the way from the start of civilization through to the Early Christianity there has been a pantheon of; destruction, recognition, wars, cultural diffusion, religious breakthroughs, laws that have been established, kings and queens crowned and dethroned. The Mesopotamian Civilization it was the land between two rivers the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers that civilization first began.
The Western culture has evolved over a span of several years with various civilizations specializing in specific aspects of life or nature. In essence, Western civilization dates back to the BCE periods when Ancient Greece, Mesopotamia, and Ancient Rome reigned. Each of the Western civilizations came with a clear lineage that portrayed such attributes as property rights, free market economy, competition, personal freedoms, and innovation (Perry, 2013). Besides, the western civilizations came at different periods with some of the attributes evolving or remaining unchanged throughout the lineage. However, the non-western civilizations contributed towards such attributes to a given extent, primarily because of the interactions among
To construct a great civilization first of all you need to know what a civilization is. According to Merriam Webster dictionary(Webster) a civilization is an effective way of developing an organized society. What produces a great civilization? There are various factors in which a civilization is composed. The main ones are a great form of government, excellent geographical point, a unique writing system, exceptional trading system, specialized workers, an improved technology, advanced cities and complex institutions.
The result of the population growth directly affected the early people in many ways. One of them is that due to scarce food during the nomadic period, clans had to dispatch extra members when it reach to a certain number. However, with the much more settled society be rid of extra members is no longer necessary. Therefore, more manual labors were available when needed.
Cipolla calls it the first great economic revolution (Cipolla 18). The development of agriculture leads to the development of communities, city-states, civilizations, and other settlements. The social structure that formed around agriculture brought about the possibility of specialization within a society, since not everyone had to hunt and gather all the time. Instead of living in an ecologically sustainable manner like the hunter/gatherers, people started living in an economic manner (Southwick 128). Specialization enabled the development of social institutions such as religion and government, and agriculture necessitated the development of irrigation.
The five key elements of civilization are government, religion, jobs, arts and writing. Government is a key element because without government the world would go into anarchy and there would be no order. Laws keep us in shape and people would end up killing if there were no laws. Religion is also a key element because religion gives us hope and it makes us be good people. Without religion people wouldn't have a reason to be good people. Jobs are key because without jobs, people wouldn't be occupied and they wouldn't be able to trade there goods in the market. Jobs also is how you traded for food, clothes and other necessities. The arts are important because they are a way for people to express themselves. We wouldn't have pottery and infrastructure