Organic Compounds Essay

Compounds are materials made from two or more than two elements through a chemical bond. In each compound elements are arranged in a definite shape hence changing their properties from the element. Every compound possesses its own different properties such as weight, melting point, freezing point etc.

Types of Compounds: There are two types of important compounds.

1) Ionic Compound: These are the compounds that possess an electric charge in them and are not linked to the molecules. They are in free form and are held together by ionic bond. Ions that are present in a living being are Na+ , Ca++ , OH- , H+ , Mg++ and many more. These ions are important for the regulation of water and salt balance and

There are synthetic and natural organic compounds. They differ on the basis of heteroatom, organophosphorus compounds and the size of organic compounds.

Synthetic Organic Compounds: Those compounds that are not natural and are produce by the reaction of other compounds are synthetic compounds, for example polymers.

Natural/Biological Organic Compounds: These are the organic chemical compounds that are present in nature or are produce by a living organism through primary or secondary metabolism. Living beings produces many different biomolecules every biomolecules are of different shape, size and function. The major biological compounds important for living beings are divided into four groups:

1) Carbohydrate: Structure: Carbohydrates are the ample biomolecules. They are composed of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen of the ratio 1:2:1. The monomer of carbohydrate is monosaccharide which includes all sugars like glucose (blood sugar), fructose (fruit sugar) and galactose. The dimers of carbohydrate are disaccharide including maltose, sucrose and lactose. And polysaccharides are the long chains of repeated