Identifying an Unknown Analgesic Objectives: 1. To identify a unknown analgesic 2. To identify the analgesic you will be given 4 known analgesics compounds. Each of which can be separated using by Thin Layer Chromatography. 3. Using thin layer chromatography the unknown analgesic will be compared to the 4 known analgesics. Spotting of the sample 1. Prepare a microcapillary tube for each analgesic and each standard 2. Immerse the small end of the tube into the sample vial until some of the sample is drawn into the tube. 3. Very gently press the small end of the tube onto the plate about one cm from the bottom of the plate. Keep the spots small and concentrated by applying the sample 5 times and allowing the spot to dry between applications. Additional spots may be required for the ibuprofen standard in order to see its spot clearly. 4. Repeat this procedure for each of the standards available. 5. Two or more samples may be applied to each plate if they are kept one cm apart. Mark the position of the spots lightly in PENCIL and be sure to keep a record of which spot represents each product. Development of the TLC plates 1. Prepare a developing chamber by adding 15-20 ml of solvent 2. Place the TLC plates in the chamber so that they do not touch. Allow the solvent to rise to within one cm of the top of the plates. 3. Remove the plates, mark the solvent front using pencil, and allow them to dry. 4. Visualize the spots by illumination under a UV lamp. 5. Trace around each spot with a pencil and then measure the distance traveled by
In October of 1982, Tylenol, the leading pain-killer in the United States at the time faced a crisis. Seven people in Chicago were reported dead after taking Tylenol. 12-year-old Mary Kellerdman of Elk Grove Village, Illinois, Adam Janus of Arlington Heights, Illinois, his brother Stanley Janus, and his wife Theresa Janus, Mary Reiner of Winfield, Paula Price, and Mary McFarland of Elmhurst Illinois was the last victim of the cyanide-laced Tylenol capsules. This happened bﴱᄃecause there was Extra-Strength Tylenol capsules that had been distributed and tampered with. The capsules contained 65 milligrams of cyanide. The amount necessary to kill a human is five to seven micrograms, which means that the person used 10,000 times more poison that what was needed.. The tampering had occurred when the products reached the shelves. The connection between the deaths and the Tylenol was discovered within days by two off-duty firemen who were listing to their police radios. Phillip Cappitelli and Richard Keyworth were the men to make the connection and tell there superiors.
1. Decide on a range of temperatures from 5 °C to 35 °C to be tested.
Do you know what the dietary supplement glucosamine/chondroitin is, does or can do? Do you know what the side effects are or if there are any? Do you know how it’s made or what it’s derived from? I didn’t think so, so that’s what I am here to tell you. I was playing lacrosse one day when I made a sudden move and that’s when it all went down hill. I tore the cartilage in my knee, the meniscus - a piece of cartilage that acts as a cushion - to be exact. A few days later I was talking to my Aunt Marie, a podiatrist, when she mentioned the dietary supplement glucosamine/contortion.
B. The second step is putting all the produce and imitation crab meat on top of the mat.
Each Biology 108 section planted these pots and the data from every section was to be combined for an overall data sheet. Our group in section 6 had the role of planting 5 of the experimental pots with the assigned number of wheat seeds or mustard seeds or both.
When it comes to sex, some people seem to have more knowledge on the subject than others, and some people know way too much. One very intriguing aspect that is often taken for granted is the orgasm and it’s miraculous powers. This is a list of 10 fun facts on the subject.
To make sure it is a fair test; the procedure is repeated a couple of
The practice of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) has been around for approximately four decades now. During this time there have been improvements to the technology and the understanding of how to use this form of patient pain control; however, there continues to be concern related to the safety and efficacy of PCA. As this analysis proceeds it will briefly explain what PCA is and how it is used, then delve into the benefits and the safety issues surrounding PCA use as it pertains to the patient and the nurse. Some of the benefits of PCA include improved pain management, improved use of nursing resources, increased patient satisfaction, and reduced pulmonary issues (Hicks, Sikirica, Nelson, Schein & Cousins, 2008). Some of the safety issues surrounding PCA use include infusion pump programing errors, basal infusion dosing, and proxy errors when using PCA by proxy (Ladak, Chan, Easty, & Chagpar, 2007). Therefore, the purpose of this report is to examine the benefits and risks of patient-controlled analgesia and how it relates to nursing practice.
I would uninvent the use of opioids as a pain relief. Though they are extremely effective, they are too effective and it is a really big problem. From a logical, objective, standpoint, opioids cost billions of dollars a year. Between the cost of making, distributing, over doses, methadone clinics, narcan production, ambulance rides, and the many other costs involved with this terrible addiction it is bad for the economy. Not to mention the draw it has on society as a whole. Many addicts are unemployed, having children and then abandoning them, cause car accidents, creating public disturbances and destroying property. Addicts are a complete nuisance in society and rarely contribute. But it is not their fault, addiction is a disease they cannot
9. Obtain a second sample with a sterile applicator stick and smear over an unpunctured section of the fruit.
Marion Good, PhD, RN, has focused her study, “A Middle-Range Theory of Acute pain Management: Use in Research,” on complementary medicine for pain and stress, acute pain, and stress immunity. The purpose of this theory is to put into practice guidelines for pain management. Good, 1998, noted the need for a balance between medication usage and side effects of pain medications. The theory also promoted patient education related to pain management following surgery and encouraged plan development for acceptable levels of pain management. This theory was developed through deductive reasoning. Chinn & Kramer, 2008, defined deductive reasoning as going from a general concept to a more specific concept. Good, 1998, related that there was a balance between analgesia and side effects in which two outcomes can be deduced: (1) a decrease in pain, and (2) a decrease in side effects. These outcomes can be studied further or more detailed concepts can be deduced from them.
Analysis of Aspirin Tablets Aim --- To discover the percentage of acetylsalicylic acid in a sample of aspirin tablets. ----------------------------------------------------------------- In order to do this, the amount of moles that react with the sodium hydroxide must be known. This is achieved by using the method of back titration.
35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 beads. The experiment was