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Wealth matters essay
The Great Depression and its impact on African Americans
Wealth matters essay
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Wealth Matters: Loss of Black Land Ownership
"Finders Keepers, Loser's Weepers." --Unknown
Introduction Finders keepers, losers weepers is a childhood adage that means whatever is found on the school playground can be kept. There is no principle of law that supports an individual is entitled to keep whatever is found, while the original owner bears the loss. The premise when something is lost by one individual and found by another has been expressed in various ways over the centuries. The law of lost and found is rooted in ancient Roman laws and the concept of finders keepers derived from the work of the second century jurist Gaius, who suggested that unowned property (res nullius) became “the property of the first taker.” The Roman
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Contrary to the voluntary sales, Black landowners lost land due to partition and tax sales, foreclosures, intestate, property liens due to welfare recipients and eminent domain. Although black landownership rapidly declined through legal means, there is documented evidence that Black owned lands were also taken through violent techniques and adversely possessed. My thesis statement is “land ownership is the greatest source of acquired wealth but Black landowners did not acquire generational wealth because their land ownerships were sabotaged through legal means and violent techniques which prevented a loss of economic growth in the black communities." My research will explore how land ownership is considered the greatest source of acquire wealth and a vital asset to all communities followed by how legal means and racist techniques forced Black people to abandon their lands which were acquired and/or sold through adverse possession. Finally, I will defend my thesis statement by illustrating how the decline and/or denial of land ownership may be a crucial element in the economic development within the black …show more content…
Unfortunately, the financial recession of the Great Depression resulted in the majority of the nation losing their personal property which included the loss of land. Documentations show at the start of the Depression, black farmers began to transfer their land to White landowners and Black farmers began to show a yearly loss of 350 thousand acres of land. Meanwhile, Old Age Insurance (Social Security) was established under the Roosevelt Administration but unfortunately did not include coverage for agricultural and domestic workers. Without social security benefits, retired or disabled citizens were unable to pass down savings to the next generation because any savings earned were more than likely spent on daily expenses. The lack of social security insurance required the second generation to care for and support indigent and/or elderly family members which diverted resources away from their savings and capital accumulation.
Loss of Land
Coates author of the article “Case for Reparations” says, “In the seven cotton states, on-third of all white income was derived from slavery. Also, slaves were used as a tool, plus all of the large projects were built in the country by African American people. He states that homeownership and slave ownership stayed similar because they were both properties, and black home owners struggled in the real estate market. Although, slavery was abolished white Americans found new ways to keep black African American population in poverty.
The Great Depression, beginning in the last few months of 1929, impacted the vast majority of people nationwide and worldwide. With millions of Americans unemployed and many in danger of losing their homes, they could no longer support their families. Children, if they were lucky, wore torn up ragged clothing to school and those who were not lucky remained without clothes. The food supply was scarce, and bread was the most that families could afford. Households would receive very limited rations of food, or small amounts of money to buy food.
The stock market crash was a result of rapid growth, and banks and lenders overextending loans and investments. Overextending loans and investments resulted in factories shutting down, banks closing, people losing their life savings and millions of Americans out of work, thousands starving and homeless. The rural areas of America were much luckier than the urban in that they were not hit as hard by the depression, they were still able to grow their crops, raise their animals and continue on with life as normal for the most part. In 1930 a severe drought struck America which only helped to make the Great Depression worse for all of America, including those in rural areas with farms as it effected their ability to grow crops and water their animals. The droughts effected those in the Great Plains and their surrounding areas the most. For years the lands had been stripped of its natural vegetation and soil had been overworked to produce crops, mainly wheat in large amounts. Overworking the land caused it to lose its vitality, leaving no sod to hold the sand or powdery dirt down. Without rain these problems were just exasperated, vegetation was unable to grow back to replace what was
Many blacks would rent land from their former masters, thus keeping them indebted to the white landowners. Henry Black recounts his days as a slave as well as a sharecropper in Henry Black & the Federal Writer’s Project. (Doc. F) He tells of rules still
In America’s early days before the kickoff of industry, there was little need for retirement savings for a few key reasons. First of all, people were dying at a much earlier age; most people didn’t live past 38, whereas in 1900, 60 years of age was common for about 40 percent of the population and 15 percent experienced 80 years of life. Another reason for the irrelevance of social security in the 19th century and earlier was that people were usually living rurally on farms with extended families to take care of them. Furthermore, the Civil War also didn’t allow the government much economic room to consider providing a service such as social security. However, after the Civil War, pensions were a form of social security for civil war veterans that carried into their retirement. Unfortunately these pensions provided support for only a very small portion of the population; not even one percent of Americans received these pensions. Despite a much lower need for social security in the 18th ...
...this economic stabilizer blacks had the opportunity to either utilize sharecropping or let it consume them.
The original intention for creating social security was to act as a safety net for retirees, but as time past, there seems to be a great deal of economic issues relating to the program. Social security was created to help benefit retired workers, spouse and children of deceased workers, as well as workers who have become disabled before retirement. This insurance program provides retirees with a steady income once they retire. President Roosevelt signed the program into law on August 14,1935. Since then, social security has been beneficial for many workers and retirees. In fact, social security has become the main source of income for many retirees.
During The Great Depression, people had to find ways to save money on even the bare necessities. One example of this was the widespread use of vacant lots, and land provided bythe cities to grow food. Americans now had to live in the manner of their ancestors, making their own clothing, growing their own food, and agai...
Since the beginning of slavery in the America, Africans have been deemed inferior to the whites whom exploited the Atlantic slave trade. Africans were exported and shipped in droves to the Americas for the sole purpose of enriching the lives of other races with slave labor. These Africans were sold like livestock and forced into a life of servitude once they became the “property” of others. As the United States expanded westward, the desire to cultivate new land increased the need for more slaves. The treatment of slaves was dependent upon the region because different crops required differing needs for cultivation. Slaves in the Cotton South, concluded traveler Frederick Law Olmsted, worked “much harder and more unremittingly” than those in the tobacco regions.1 Since the birth of America and throughout its expansion, African Americans have been fighting an uphill battle to achieve freedom and some semblance of equality. While African Americans were confronted with their inferior status during the domestic slave trade, when performing their tasks, and even after they were set free, they still made great strides in their quest for equality during the nineteenth century.
The Great Depression was felt worldwide, in some countries more than others. During this time, many Americans had to live in poor conditions. In the United States, 25 percent of the workers and 37 percent of all nonfarm workers lost their jobs (Smiley 1). Unemployment rates had increased to 24.9 percent during 1933 (Shmoop 1). Unable to pay mortgages, many families lost their homes.
Before entering into the main body of his writing, Allen describes to readers the nature of the “semicolony”, domestic colonialism, and neocolonialism ideas to which he refers to throughout the bulk of his book. Priming the reader for his coming argument, Allen introduces these concepts and how they fit into the white imperialist regime, and how the very nature of this system is designed to exploit the native population (in this case, transplanted native population). He also describes the “illusion” of black political influence, and the ineffectiveness (or for the purposes of the white power structure, extreme effectiveness) of a black “elite”, composed of middle and upper class black Americans.
The structure of a society is based on the concept of superiority and power which both “allocates resources and creates boundaries” between factors such as class, race, and gender (Mendes, Lecture, 09/28/11). This social structure can be seen in Andrea Smith’s framework of the “Three Pillars of White Supremacy.” The first pillar of white supremacy is the logic of slavery and capitalism. In a capitalist system of slavery, “one’s own person becomes a commodity that one must sell in the labor market while the profits of one’s work are taken by someone else” (Smith 67). From this idea of viewing slavery as a means of capitalism, Blacks were subjected to the bottom of a racial hierarchy and were treated nothing more than a property and commodity that is used for someone else’s benefit. The second pillar involves the logic of genocide and colonialism. With genocide, “Non-Native peoples th...
...lity and pensions for old age, which wasn’t there before and thanks to The Great Depression helps out all Americans that need economic relief while taken advantage off sometimes Social Security has arguably kept America out of economic chaos (“What is Social Security”?).
Scott, J.W. The Black Revolts: Racial Stratification In The U.S.A.: The Politics Of Estate, Caste,
Fredrick Douglass said, “The white man 's happiness cannot be purchased by the black man 's misery.” Douglass provides an intriguing perspective, people of color become agents of production. The dehumanization of their bodies creates a machine used for European’s takings. These machines are then programed to believe they need the colonizer for upgrades (industrialization), and instead are left with unforeseeable problems (poverty). The system of Colonization relies on people of color to cooperate in order for it to succeed. While the exploitation of Colored spaces relies heavily on the notion of inferiority. Power becomes a detrimental force that jeopardizes the colonizer (Europeans) and the colonized (West Africans) by capitalizing culture,