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Conventional herbal medicine
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For this assignment I have chosen to demonstrate my knowledge about Aconite. In muggle society Aconite is also known as ‘The Queen of poisons’, Blue rocket, Devil’s helmet, leopard’s bane and women’s bane. In magic society Aconite is known as Monkshood or Wolfsbane. Aconite is a plant with magical and non-magical properties. Aconite has dark green leaves. The stem is crowned by large blue, purple, white, yellow or pink flowers. These herbaceous perennial plants grow in the wild, in forest and in mountain ranges of moderate temperatures. .
Aconite is a highly toxic plant; it acts especially on the nerve centres. If you are poisoned by Aconite following symptoms may occur: a burning sensation on the tongue, vomiting, stomach pain and diarrhoea. The root contains 90 % more poison than the leaves.
Aconite is useful as an antidote to poising. Its root is analgesic, anodyne, antirheumatic, diaphoretic, diuretic, irritant and sedative. Aconite can be used for example, against fevers, inflammation and bronchitis. Aconite is a really important ingredient of Wolfsbane potion. This potion re...
Agnosia is a sickness that could happen when the patient have damage in certain area of the brain. Agnosia is the conscious inability to identify sensory stimuli not due to deficits in sensory, verbal, or cognitive abilities. (Pinel, 2007). There are many different form of Agnosia even though popular cases base on to memory and visual perception. There are many cases of Agnosia cause by different cortial area impacted.
Most substances fall on a scale ranging from the most acidic to the the most basic with neutral substances falling somewhere in the middle. Scientists call this the pH scale. pH levels are measured in numbers,0 to 14. The closer a substance is to zero the more acidic it would be. The closer to 14 the more basic a substance would be.Now what defines an acid and a base, one might ask? There are three ways of defining acids, each singling out a specific property. The first theory is the Arrhenius Theory with states, that an acid is a substance that produces the ion H+ when in a water solution, while a base is a substance which produces the ion OH- when in a water solution. Examples of an Arrhenius acid are HCl and HNO3. Examples of an Arrhenius base are NaOH and AlOH3.
Atenolol is a nationally known, commonly used medication that has helped to change the lives of many people in America. Atenolol, also known as Tenormin, is placed in a group of remedies known as beta-blocker. As a Beta-blocker, Atenolol is used to treat a range of bodily disorders in connection with anxiety and tension, such as high blood pressure, angina, irregular heart rhythms, migraines, prevention of a second heart attack, tremors, alcohol withdrawal, anxiety, and glaucoma. The three main malfunctions atenelol is used for are alcohol withdrawal, anxiety disorders, and cardiac disorders.
We have to emphasize the importance of memorizing certain names and formulas and some prefixes and suffixes that are used in building a system of nomenclature. From there on, it is a matter of applying the system to different names and formulas you meet. The summary all the ideas that will be presented in this essay help you to learn the nomenclature system.
Acute toxicity may be attributable to the anticholinergic effects of amantadine. Drug overdose has resulted in cardiac, respiratory, renal or central nervous system toxicity
Breast cancer is the second leading cancer to cause death in women. A combination of factors contributes to the etiology of breast cancer, such as genetic and environmental dynamics [ACS, 2014]. One particular area of interest is the study of metalloestrogens, which are inorganic compounds that can bind to the estrogen receptor and mimic the biological functions of estrogen in breast cancer cells. Arsenic is one such metalloestrogen and has been classified as carcinogenic to humans [IARC]. Studies in humans have shown that long-term exposure to arsenic is associated with bladder, kidney, lung and liver cancers [1,2,3]. Arsenic exposure has also been correlated with an increase in the incidence of breast cancer [4]. People can be exposed to arsenic in different settings such as in the workplace, in drinking water or from medical treatments. Through these methods of exposure, various mechanisms of internalization can take place through inhalation, ingestion, or through skin contact. We hypothesize that prolonged arsenic exposure results in the expression of genes that promote breast cancer progression. In this study, we propose to investigate the effect of prolonged arsenic exposure on gene expression, by comparing the global gene expression of a breast cancer cell line that has been chronically exposed to low-dose arsenic with that of a control cell line. Genes found to be differentially expressed in arsenic adapted cells will be examined further. We also aim to extend our understanding of the direct effect of arsenic, by studying the signal pathway that results in gene expression when arsenic binds to the estrogen receptor.
Most people appreciate their hair as the most valuable assets especially for women. However, there are so many problems related to this precious thing nowadays such as hair loss (alopecia), dandruffs and premature greying and balding. The researcher’s team headed by Professor Markus Nothen from University of Bonn and Dr. Roland Kruse from Dusseldorf University in 2005 discovered that the main cause of alocepia is hereditary factors which either because of high androgen receptor formed or variant receptor which develops as a result of genetic change. In addition according to Hoffman (2002), “The most common form of alopecia in men is believed to be due excessive activity of androgens on the scalp where the hairs become miniaturized and pigment production is stopped.” Hamilton (1951); Hoffman (2002); Price (2003); Severi et al., (2003) claimed that conversion towards more potent testosterone is due to elevation level of 5-alpha reductase lead to common baldness. For the genetically derived phenomenon, it supposed to be totally about the hereditary cause and the other exogenous factors will be excluded. However, there are also views from proponents saying that some natural food involves in solving these hair—related problems for example emblica officinalis or amla.
useful in the relief of mild to moderate pain. It is also used as a cough remedy
Taconite mining has become more popular ever since the rock has become rare. Taconite was once considered “waste rock,” but is currently really valuable. Since the Gogebic Iron Range has about three-fourths of all the taconite in the nation people from all over the country want to take over and start mining. Although taconite mining would do some good for the community, such as creating tons of jobs and boosting the economy for awhile, there are too many risks. Taconite mining has a negative effect on the environment and health.
Ratites are classified as a group of flightless birds, including ostriches, emus, cassowaries, and the now extinct elephant birds. Birds use flight as a way to escape predators, find mates, attain food, and migration, which raises the question, how did the ancestors of ratites re-locate from one landmass to another without the ability to fly? It was originally thought that there was a flightless common ancestor, but the closest relatives of the ratites are the flying South American Tinamous family. This suggest that the evolutionary distinction of being a large, flightless bird evolved in each isolated location influenced by environmental factors, mainly the lack of predators. Without the necessity to escape predation by flight, overtime ratites gradually loss the morphological structure of the keel that determined their mode of locomotion for their ancestors. Their response to improved environmental conditions promoted the success of each individual organism which contributed its genes to the succeeding generations. Many environments present challenges to a living species, to which the latter may respond by genetic adaptations (Dobzhansky 1973). Birds that are limited to the ground are more susceptible to predation, but these large birds have adapted to use their legs for reaching high speeds while running.
A huge fascination of arsenic started in the 19th century when people got word of a province in southeastern Austria where people ate arsenic. Women would eat arsenic to help gain weight and fix their complexion to look more beautiful and men would eat arsenic because they believed it helped them breath easier when they were climbing high up in the mountains. One doctor by the name of Dr. Robert Craig MacLagan, was particularly interested in this and visited the town to see for himself what was really occurring. He observed the people and tested their urine to prove that they have been indeed ingesting arsenic. He wrote about the things he witnessed in the Edinburgh Medical Journal. The men in the town would eat 6 grains/dose at least twice a week, sometimes eating it on their bread or just drinking it with their water. As a result many Victorians began self-medicating themselves with arsenic.
Almost no data is available about the effects of organic arsenic compounds on human beings. Researches in animals show that most simple organic arsenic compounds (such as methyl and dimethyl compounds) are less lethal than the inorganic forms. In animals, intake of methyl compounds can result in diarrhea, and lifetime disclosure can damage the kidneys. Lifetime contact to dimethyl compounds can harm the urinary bladder and the kidneys.
Today, belladona is a very important plant to science and the medical field because of its chemical content. Dioscorides knew of the active constituent of this species in the first century, but it wasn't "discovered" for another eighteen hundred-years. In 1809, the chemical was isolated and by 1819 it was classified an "alkaloid." Today, we know that belladona contains atropine, scopolomine and hyoscyamine. According to the U.S. Pharmacopoeia, "atropine is extremely poisonous."(2) It is so potent that a dilution of only 1 part in 130,000 parts water is sufficient to dilate the pupil of a cats eye.
The periodic table, used worldwide by scientists, teachers and students, for quick location of information about elements. The periodic table did not come by overnight though, the periodic table is a table formed from years of work, on the atomic structure. It all started years back with Democritus and his discovery of the atom. This was followed up by John Dalton many years down the track, after elements had been discovered Dalton attempted to create a way to make the elements easier to remember. 84 years later, JJ Thomson discovered electrons, which were key to the periodic table, and in 1889, Dmitri Mendeleev invented the periodic table. Years later Henry Moseley worked out how to measure atomic numbers of elements, and just 9 years after Neil Bohr explained the structure of the atom which further explained why Mendeleev had placed each element in a specific row or column. Finally James Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1922.