In physical therapy, patients come to the clinic with a long list of symptoms and a specific mechanism of injury. It is the physical therapists job to take this information and form hypotheses of what pathology may be affecting the patient. With the patient that has been presented in this case, a full history shows a very good description of symptoms and what the patient remembers happening when the injury occurred. With this history, an examination plan can be created in order to make this examination
injuries involving the neck due to a rapid, forceful, backwards motion6 • May involve the following: 6 ○ Injury to vertebral and paravertebral structures (fractures, dislocations, ligamentous tears, and disc disruption/subluxation) ○ Spinal cord injury (traumatic central cord syndrome secondary to cord compression or vascular insult) ○ Vascular injury (vertebral artery or carotid artery dissection) ○ Soft tissue injury around cervical spine (cervical strain/sprain) CLASSIFICATION • Cervical Injury
back pain affects around 15% and 45% of the general American population (Schoenfeld). There are several conditions that can create lower back pain and sensory symptoms. Typically conditions cause is degeneration of disk, compression of nerves and/or arteries, or bony formation/ inflammation. One of the most common lower back condition is Spondylosis, degeneration of intervertebral disk and is often paired with Spondylitis which creates inflammation of the joints of the spine. It is important to note
spondylosis is degeneration of the vertebral bodies, mainly the lateral, anterior and rarely posterior vertebral bodies. This is seen as osteophytes (extra bony outgrowths from the vertebral bodies). I have shown it in the picture below. These are generally harmless and do not cause any symptoms, alone. They are usually seen as a chance finding when an Xray of lumbar spine is done. Its presence is of no clinical significance. So how and why are they formed? Our vertebral bodies
by two major blood vessel systems; the carotid arteries, which extend up either side of the front of the neck, and the vertebral arteries, which extend up the length of the spinal cord to form one basilar artery at the base of the skull. These two arteries connect around the brainstem to form the Circle of Willis, from which several other artery systems branch (Brain Aneurysm Foundation n.d.). In order to allow the blood to flow properly, the artery walls are composed of both a muscular and an elastic
Stroke Stroke is a commonly known disease that is often fatal. This cellular disease occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted by either a blood clot halting the progress of blood cells in an artery, called an Ischemic stroke, or a blood vessel in the brain bursting or leaking causing internal bleeding in the brain, called a hemorrhagic stroke. When this happens, brain cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients because the blood cells carrying these essential things are stopped, causing
Cervical Spine Injuries are very serious, and should always be treated as a medical emergency. The most common mechanism of this injury, among many, is the axial compression of the vertebrae due to headfirst impact (Ivancic). This mechanism is most commonly seen in American football, but is also very common in rugby, hockey, diving accidents, wrestling, gymnastics, or equestrian sports. Since this injury is so common in American football, many safety requirements have been set into place. Officials
supply into your legs and lower body. Your heart and circulation must respond within seconds to keep enough blood flowing to your brain. To meet the challenge, your heart will speed up by 10-15 beats a minute, and your nervous system will tell your arteries to narrow so your blood pressure rise. But if everything is not just right, your blood pressure may drop--and you may
chemicals and water in your body balanced. The urinary system removes urea from your body. Urea is made when the foods you eat that are high in protein are broken down in the body. Urea is then carried into the bloodstream to the kidneys by the renal arteries. The kidneys are bean shaped organs. They are a brownish-purplish sort of color. The outside of the kidneys are very tough, but smooth. This is described as a fibrous tunic. The outer part has millions of nephrons which are the basic unit of the
Statistics Low back pain is the single leading cause of disability worldwide, according to the Global Burden of Disease 2010, which can affect anyone at any age. During one year, up to half of the adult population (15%-49%) will have back pain. It is estimated that four out of every five adults (80%) will experience back pain at some stage in their life. Studies show higher rate in females than males. The number of people with back pain increases with advancing age, starting in school children and
chest pains, known as angina (Matthews, 2005). CHD is primarily due to atherosclerosis, which is the blockage of blood flow in the arteries due to the accumulation of fats, cholesterol, calcium and other substances found in the blood. Atherosclerosis takes place over many years, but when the blood flow becomes so limited due to the build up of plaque in the arteries, there becomes a serious problem. “When... ... middle of paper ... ...itive, and clinical neuroscience. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer
Stab in the Heart A stab in the heart by one’s own hopes is truly the cruelest way to leave this world. Sadly, that is exactly what happen to Sarah Cole in Russell Banks’ short story entitled, “Sarah Cole: A Type of Love Story.” The man who dated Sarah for a short period of time tells the tale. He calls himself Ron, for Ron could have been him, but he doesn’t want to say who he is for fear of looking cruel. He wants to believe what he did was right when he left her. They both didn’t handle their
the meaning of high blood pressure. It is known as the “silent killer” because it does not create any symptoms. The most common reason for high blood pressure is arteriosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis is the thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries, occurring in old age. Four control systems have a job in maintaining blood pressure. These are the arterial baroreceptor and chemoreceptors’ system, regulation of body fluid volume, the renin- angiotensin system, and vascular autoregulation. Primary
for one in four deaths every year, about 600,000 mortalities. This disease affects men and women, as well as every ethnic group. Coronary artery disease is the most common cardiovascular disease, representing approximately 400,000 deaths per year of the aforementioned 600,000 total deaths from cardiovascular diseases as a whole. In 2010 alone, coronary artery disease cost the United States $108.9 billion for health care services, medication, and lost productivity. These chilling statistics, published
disease is also known as cardiovascular disease. Since there are many conditions related with heart disease. The most common types are coronary artery disease or damage in the heart’s major blood vessels, stroke or damage to the brain from interruption of its blood supply, and high blood pressure or a condition in which the force of the blood against the artery walls in too high. These conditions may lead to a heart attack. (mayo). Statistics (2) Heart disease is considered a man’s disease
Page 2 Vicki is a 42 year-old African American woman who was recently diagnosed with hypertension. Hypertension, also know as high blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the arteries as it flows through them. Arteries are the blood vessels that carry the oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body’s tissues. One of the main reasons hypertension can be so dangerous is because you may not even know you’re suffering from it, in fact, nearly one-third of patients suffering
Currently, John Martin is at high risk for a heart attack within the next 10 years. His blood pressure is high, HDL is low, and he is a smoker. While it has been determined that Mr. Martin does not have metabolic syndrome, it is imperative that he make the following changes in order to ensure a long, healthy life. John Martin’s systolic blood pressure was recorded at 148 mm/Hg, a borderline high number. An optimal systolic blood pressure is 120 mm/Hg for adults. Currently, Mr. Martin is in the
read as the top number of blood pressure. Diastolic pressure is the pressure in the arteries while the ventricles are filling in between heart beats and is read as the bottom number. A normal blood pressure readings is a systolic number between 90-120 and a diastolic pressure between 60-80 (Kenney, Wilmore, & Costill, 2015). When a person exercises, the active tissues in the body
Medicine is the applied science or practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. Many people from all different cultures have made vast contributions to the medical field. This has been a field of study throughout history. Early day practices laid the ground work for were we are today in the medical field especially during The Renascence. One man to lay ground work into the medical field was a surgeon Ambroise Pare. He would get his start as an apprentice barber surgeon. It was
An artery is an elastic blood vessel that transports blood away from the heart. There are two main types of arteries: pulmonary arteries and systemic arteries. Pulmonary arteries carry blood from the heart to the lungs where the blood picks up oxygen. The oxygen rich blood is then returned to the heart via the pulmonary veins. Systemic arteries deliver blood to the rest of the body. The aorta is the main systemic artery and the largest artery of the body. It originates from the heart and branches