V. SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE NAGORNO-KARABAKH CONFLICT Azerbaijan – incurred damages and unseized opportunities After the restoration of its independence in 1991, the Republic of Azerbaijan experienced a drastic decline in its economic output. The GDP decreased annually 13-20% and in 1994, according to the related data from the International Monetary Fund, GDP with the official exchange rate reached 2.258 billion USD that indicated the fact that the national economy was significantly weakened
Conflict between the states of Armenia and Azerbaijan over the region of Nagorno-Karabakh (NK) has not stopped since the ceasefire between them in May of 1994. The history of the conflict can date back even further to the end of WWI, or culturally even further than that with the history between cultures in the context of the Russian Czarist Empire (Crisis Group, 2007). For Armenia, the issue is one of self-determination for the ethnic majority Armenians living in the region. For Azerbaijan, it is
In the modern world, Democracy has become the cornerstone of many first world countries. Inalienable rights, freedom, and having the ability to have input in what one’s nation does and how it operates is undoubtedly why many first world nations are as successful as they are today. However, a huge portion of countries, not only first world countries, had to fight tooth and nail for these freedoms and democracy itself. The ability to comprehend how a nation became a democracy requires one to understand
The Caucasus is a region, which is located between the Caspian and the Black Sea. The Caucasus is a compact and diverse region. The Caucasus is divided into north and South, North Caucasus have 7 republics, which are North Ossetia, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Adygea, Dagestan Chechnya and Karachay–Cherkessia. South Caucasus has three independent republics, which are Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan Small States. The 7 republics in North Caucasus are part of the Russian Federation. Most people
Gorbachev’s Failed Attempts to Reform the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev, who came to power in March 1985, was the most gifted and dynamic leader Russia had seen for many years. He was determined to transform and revitalise the country after the sterile years following Krushchev’s fall. The two key ideas were glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring). Gorbachev did not want to end communism; he wanted to replace the existing system, which was still basically Stalinist, with a socialist
Staying out of world news usually means one of two things. That a country is a third world nation or the government is content with where it stands. The people of that country most likely feel the same. The country of Azerbaijan is recovering from decades of Soviet control, reforming the country and culture that fought oppression for many years. The Republic of Azerbaijan is a mountainous region. Sixty percent (Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan.az) of the country is complex terrain. Azerbaijan borders
term because it encompasses exactly the actions being carried out against the, mostly, non-combatant local populations. The term “etnicheskoye chish cheniye,” or ethnic cleansing, is first used in 1988 by Russia to describe the events of the Nagorno-Karabakh war (New York Times). During this conflict the Central Committee of the Armenian SSR Communist Party approved a plan for violent expulsion of the ethnic Azeris from the territory of the republic, where people were terrorized and forced to leave
ARMENIAN PHONOLOGY GINA M. AILANJIAN California State University Fresno Armenian is an Indo-European language that is spoken in the Republic of Armenian and Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. I focused on Eastern Armenian, which varies from Western Armenian. I was looking at the pattern of reduplication represented in pairs like ‘sev’ black and ‘sep sev’ very black. I tried to conclude whether the reduplicated form was predictable. I tested the efficiency of the system by exploring borrowed or made-up adjectives
2. Concept of Rural Tourism and Rural Tourism in Azerbaijan Rural tourism is not a new type of industry . Desire to escape bustling city centers and discover new areas, stress factors, in the 19th century caused tourist interest in rural life. 1970’s, 80’s and 90’s were new period for rual tourism.This period is observed with a lot of tourists ( OECD, 1994, p.7 ). Rural tourism is a type of tourism which happens in country zones and furnish visitors with tourism facilities.The idea of rural tourism
Motivations and Causes of Terrorism Despite the end of the Cold War and the faltering beginnings of a peace process in the Middle East, terrorism still remains a serious threat in many countries, not surprisingly, given that the underlying causes of the bitter ethnic and religious struggles which spawn terrorism pre-dated the Cold War, and most of these conflicts remain unresolved. While the former Soviet Union sponsored terrorism on an opportunistic basis, the idea that all international
"Terrorism and guerrilla warfare, whether justified as resistance to oppression or condemned as disrupting the rule of law, are as old as civilization itself. The power of the terrorist, however, has been magnified by modern weapons, including television, which he has learned to exploit." (Guerrillas and Terrorists) There are many definitions and forms of terrorism: biological and chemical, nuclear, international, cyber, criminal, environmental, and US Domestic terrorism are some examples. Usually