Introduction: Ciguatera is the most frequently reported illness caused by a seafood toxin worldwide. (Arena, 2004). Ciguatoxin, a family of organic toxins, causes a variety of symptoms that vary from gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and neurological. Symptoms of ciguatera fish poisoning, or CFP, typically occur within 1-6 hours of the consumption of ciguatoxin tainted fish and the duration of symptoms varies from days, months or even years (Kipping, Eastcott, Sarangi, 2006). Ciguatoxin originates
parrotfish was once used as a royal food for the king and his family. Now, it is a traditional dish served raw in Polynesia as well as other tropical islands (Parrot Fish). Among all the parrotfish breeds, the blue parrotfish is the only breed to carry Ciguatera which is a type of food poisoning from fish (Blue
Background: Dinoflagellates are one of the four main types of phytoplankton, which are photosynthetic, single celled and free living organisms in the ocean. Dinoflagellates cause the Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) also known as the red tide effect (Hackett et al 2004). Toxicity persisting at upper levels of the food chain is detected in them from the ones which are toxic, but not all such blooms are toxic. Enhanced detection capabilities may in part contribute to observed high frequency and severity
Research of Food Sample : Saltwater fish (Tuna) INTRODUCTION The availability of saltwater fish products in the market was depend on the coastal fishing vessels operation. One species that is widely consumed around the globe is Tuna (Thunnus sp.). Tuna is widely available both in Pasific and Atlantic ocean. The nutritional content of tuna, both bluefin tuna and yellowfin tuna according to the USDA National Nutrient Database can be seen in Table 1 (1). Fish nutritional composition is varied between