Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD is an umbrella term used to describe a combination of lung diseases. COPD (in the US) most commonly includes two main diseases, Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis. COPD is a progressive disease that becomes worse over time. There is no known cure for COPD, but treatments are available to maintain quality of life. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease causes coughing fits that produce large amounts of phlegm as the bronchioles become plugged up with mucus
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is preventable disease that has a detrimental effects on both the airway and lung parenchyma (Nazir & Erbland, 2009). COPD categorises emphysema and chronic bronchitis, both of which are characterised by a reduced maximum expiratory flow and slow but forced emptying of the lungs (Jeffery 1998). The disease has the one of the highest number of fatalities in the developed world due to the ever increasing amount of tobacco smokers and is associated
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a lung disease that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma and bronchiectasis. COPD is a known to increase breathlessness, frequent coughing, wheezing, and tightness in the chest. Many patients are unaware of their symptoms and spend years not knowing that they are COPD patients. In the begging COPD may cause no symptoms or only mild symptoms, but as the years pass and the disease gets worse symptoms are usually more severe. One common test to test
Respiratory disease and illness can be debilitating as it affects the ability of an individual to perform daily activities. Breathing is one of the basic life functions that we often take for granted. Whether it is a chronic illness or an acute respiratory infection, understand the disease process, causative factors, and ways to optimize and prevent exacerbations enable an individual to live to the fullest. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a general term that encompasses disease processes
Today there are various treatment options for those that suffer from mild, moderate, and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Staging COPD is the first step in treatment and in order to make a proper diagnosis physicians use the GOLD standard. GOLD stands for Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and this staging method uses forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to classify the varying severities of COPD. FEV1 greater than 80% of their total exhaled breath
COPD is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and is a major cause of disability. Millions of middle aged-adult and older adults are diagnosed with COPD. “Over the past decades chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become widespread and is now the fourth leading cause of morbidity and mortality on a worldwide basis” (Hellem, Bruugsgaard, & Bergland, 2012, p. 206). This disease is a progressive disease that makes it hard to breathe. As time goes on the symptoms will get worse. Most people
The presented case is of a patient named R.S. who has a smoking history of many years, which can be directly tied to his development of chronic bronchitis, a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) specified as Type B. It is estimated that in 90% of chronic bronchitis or “blue bloaters”, cigarette smoking is the major cause. Chronic bronchitis involves persistent and irreversible airway obstruction, due to the constant inflammation of the bronchial mucosa, leading to hypertrophy and hyperplasia
Breathing can be difficult at times when patient have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, also called COPD. It might be even harder when patient represent with sleep apnea at the same time. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sleep apnea are most common chronic respiratory disorders in clinical practice (Marrone et al., 2006; Zamarrón et al., 2008). Both disease may affect sleep quantity and quality of life. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is identify as the fourth major killer illness within
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease It was a clear and calm morning, you decide to go for a run at your favorite park. As you finish up your run you notice an old man in his 60’s sitting on a bench have trouble breathing. You went over to help him and he said to you, “I don’t need your help, I have COPD and I never smoked.” As you walk off, you started to think how is this possible. What is COPD and can anyone get it? After reading this paper you understand the diagnosis, treatment of COPD, pathophysiology
health situation” (V. Holmes, personal communication, May 27, 2016). The idea of the local hospital and doctor’s office in the rural area not being skilled enough to deal with chronic health issues of the community becomes a great concern. Mrs. V.H. could have an acute exacerbation episode of her chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma, in which requires immediate attention and this could mean life or death situation, if not treated promptly. If Mrs. V.H. does not feel comfortable enough to be
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, better known as COPD, is a disease that affects a person’s ability to breathe normal. COPD is a combination of two major lung diseases: emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Bronchitis affects the bronchioles and emphysema affects the alveoli. To better understand how COPD affects an individual you should first know how the lungs function. When you breathe in air it first goes through your trachea then into your bronchioles. Once in the bronchioles the air goes
breathlessness that comes on suddenly or without expectation can be due to a serious underlying medical condition. Pneumonia can impact the very young and very old, asthma tends to affect young children, smokers are at greater risk of lung and heart disease and the elderly may develop heart failure. However, medical attention always needed by all these conditions as it can affect any age group and severe breathlessnes. There are short and long term causes of dyspnea. Sudden and unexpected breathlessness
Chronic Bronchitis Chronic bronchitis is a disorder that causes inflammation to the airway, mainly the bronchial tubules. It produces a chronic cough that lasts three consecutive months for more than two successive years (Vijayan,2013). Chronic Bronchitis is a member of the COPD family and is prominently seen in cigarette smokers. Other factors such as air pollutants, Asbestos, and working in coal mines contributes to inflammation. Once the irritant comes in contact with the mucosa of the bronchi
exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Firstly there will be a definition of COPD and COPD exacerbation. Then there will be a short discussion of how the patient’s data relates to pathophysiology of COPD exacerbation. This information is used to decide what the patient’s first two priority problems are, and two nurse interventions used to best treat those problems. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an umbrella term used to refer to chronic, progressive diseases affecting
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a lung disease that affects breathing. This disease is one that blocks or obstructs air flow which then affects the way that one breathes. It diminishes the capability of airflow in and out of the lungs. COPD is the term used for a group of different diseases that affect the lungs. The two most common types of COPD are emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Emphysema is a destruction of the small bronchioles in the lungs and chronic bronchitis is an
antibiotics are designed to treat bacterial infections, not viral infections (Antibiotic resistance, N.D.). Many bacteria within our bodies are not harmful at all, and some of them actually provide health benefits. The bacteria that are harmful are disease-causing bacteria, which generate sicknesses such as strep throat, the common cold, and ear infections (Get, 2013). Viruses are smaller than bacteria and require hosts, such as plants or animals, in order to proliferate (What, N.D.). Doctors play a
every minute. Emphysema is an example of a chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) that has causes numerous deaths and disabilities in the United States of America. Also, smoking is the number one causes of death in developed countries. The functioning of the chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) is that it has a permanent decrease in the ability to force air out of the lungs. Consequently, it causes emphysema to become a more advanced disease with no cure. Emphysema is known for their
It is widely recognized that the intensive care unit (ICU) is a different environment setting from those in which pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) services are performed. Pulmonary rehabilitation usually involves patients who have chronic stable disease, who most often are treated as outpatients, while the ICU is occupied with critically ill patients who have multiple dynamic medical or surgical problems. However, some patients admitted to the ICU also suffer from body deconditioning, neuropathy, myopathy
cardiopulmonary disorders (Manning & Mahler, 2001). The major sign and symptom perceived by the patient that affected by chronic respiratory disease is breathlessness or dyspnea. Besides, a common problem affecting up to half of patients permitted to a minor, tertiary care hospitals and one quarter of ambulatory patients is dyspnea (Parshall, et.al, 2012). In the scope of cardiopulmonary disease, the five expressive group in the language of dyspnea most regularly choosen are ‘chest tightness’, ‘increased effort
signs and symptoms of the disease and the effects of emphysema has on the body. Emphysema is one of the several diseases identified as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The leading cause of emphysema is smoking. The discussion will relate to the case study of COPD/Emphysema with the normal function and dysfunctions of the respiratory system, test used to diagnose emphysema, medications used to treat the disease and nursing interventions to help manage the disease. CB is a 57-year-old