Its First Republic lasted from 1910 to 1926 before the May 1926 coup d’état occurred. The Ditadora Nacional followed soon after by the Estado Novo, which was greatly inspired by conservative and authoritarian ideologies, was developed by António de Oliveira Salazar, ruler of Portugal from 1932 to 1968. The aim of this research paper is to examine why Portugal did not fall back into fascism or embrace Communism but rather, whole-heartedly adopted democracy. The Portuguese revolution is regularly glossed
The Estado Novo, also referred to as the Second Republic, is a key part to Portuguese history in the 20th Century. It was a right leaning, conservative regime, led by the corporatist, authoritarian dictator António de Oliviera Salazar; established in 1933 and lasting until 1974. The First Republic had been and unsuccessful, unstable, Republican democracy, and had been overthrown by a coup d’état in May 1926, which led to the evolution of the ‘Ditadura Nacional’ which eventually progressed to become
The baldios are an ancient tradition in Portugal, which dates back to the Middle Ages, as a privilege endowed to the inhabitants of each village, acknowledged in the royal rolls. In a feudal economy, the commons were a necessary resource to enable growers to obtain firewood and pasture, assuring their subsistence. Until the late 18th century, the commons were properties that could not be subject of individualization. However, some laws enacted by Pombal and D. Maria I, tended to misunderstand the
dictatorship replaced the republican regime by pledging order and stability, which the republican regime was significantly lacking. António de Oliveira Salazar became the Prime Minister in 1932 and established an autocratic regime that essentially functioned by repressing and monitoring political opponents with a help of secret state policed called PIDE. Nevertheless, Salazar was a talented economist who managed to eliminate...