Exam 2 Colette Cabaniss Student K00479544 (colettecabaniss@yahoo.com) login:fireant Question 1 Echinoderms are captivating organisms. They have a number of specialized structures and functions. They have unique water vascular systems, aboral surfaces, and feeding structures. This sets them apart from other animals because of their distinct characteristics. The water vascular system of echinoderms is a hydraulic system that they use for respiration, getting rid of waste, and a way of movement
Where should the nostril on dinosaur models be placed? Although it seems like a rather simple question, it is a topic that has been recently researched so that scientists can feel reassured in creating anatomically correct models of dinosaurs. Amniotes (a group which in the Triassic spilt into reptiles and synapsids and which include dinosaurs), have large nasal openings, but since the nostril is made up of flesh and cartilidge, it is almost always not preserved in the fossil record (Lauren and
The Integument: List the embryonic germ layers that the epidermis and dermis are derived from (be specific for the dermis). (2 points) Dermis is derived from the mesoderm. It is made up of layers of cells that originate from the bottom most layer called the stratum basale, which is constantly undergoing mitosis. The epidermis is derived from the ectoderm. The development of hair, feathers, teeth, and scales all depend on the same structure. What is it called? (2 points) Dermal papilla How
characteristic of endothermy could be correct, however there is not enough fossil record to recover small changes associated with the evolution of fully expressed mammalian homeothermy. The correlated progression hypothesis supports that evidence from living amniotes or from fossils cannot be enough to reveal the sequence of mammalian endothermy because the ectotherms show few relevant signs of early endothermy, and mammals evolved from ancestors who had fully evolved endothermic mechanisms. There are several
bohemicus is where the evolution of reptiles begins (Jaeckel 1902). It was an Upper Carboniferous lizard-like tetrapod (four footed animal), or reptilomorph (clade (group consisting of an ancestor) containing the amniotes and those tetrapods that share a common ancestor with amniotes than with amphibians), from Nyran in the Czech Republic. Since some reptile fossils, like Westlothiana, are older than Gephyrostegus, it's obvious that we haven't found the oldest gephyrostegid yet…. thought that reptiles
No one knows where the next breakthrough scientific discovery will come from. It could be synthetically derived or naturally produced, both are viable options and to not explore both of these options would be the equivalent of blindly using only half of your materials. Ancient societies experimented with numerous plant and animal parts to determine what effect they might have. Through trial and error they were able to discover valuable components for human ailments. While they were not always able
homeostasis and prevent damage to the body. The dual function of excretory systems is the elimination of the waste products of metabolism and to drain the body of used up and broken down components in a liquid and gaseous state. In humans and other amniotes most of these substances leave the body as urine and to some degree exhalation, mammals also expel them through sweating. Only the organs specifically used for the excretion are considered a part of the excretory system. In the narrow sense, the
Evolution of Turtles and Their Body Plan Turtles are one of the most unique animals that roam the Earth today. They have the most unique body plans any animal has ever had. Being one of the oldest reptiles, from the order Testudines, they have gone through millions of years of adaption and evolution. Their evolution have left biologist puzzled and has demanded the attention of zoologist to study and discover the adaptation of these fascinating creatures. With the recent discoveries of Eunotosaurus
explained in great detail in this report. In no special order, the characteristics of reptiles are: cold-bloodedness; the presence of lungs; direct development, without larval forms as in amphibians; a dry skin with scales but not feathers or hair; an amniote egg; internal fertilization; a three or four-chambered heart; two aortic arches (blood vessels) carrying blood from the heart to the body, unlike mammals and birds that only have one; a metanephric kidney; twelve pairs of cranial nerves; and skeletal
The development of the human race has been a spectacular one. According to modern theories, the development of man took billions of years and only happened because of a very specific set of variables and conditions. What marks one of the many extraordinary qualities in the human species is the ability to self-aware and cognizant. This self-awareness has many implications, one being the ability to empathize. This empathy can be for oneself or for others’ depending on the relationship to the recipient
There are three different ways that frogs show parental care to protect their young. There are many species in which the adult frog guards over the eggs. The sex of the frog that guards the eggs all depends on the species. In some species the male watches over them and in other cases the female is the one who is doing the protecting. But in some cases it is not known whether it is the female or male because the external characteristics of both sexes are very similar. Some of these species lay their
Hypotheses On the Origin of Birds Since the advent of the theory of evolution the origin of birds has been a thriving topic in science. Many ideas and hypotheses have been presented, but only two stand today: that birds are descendents of ancient thecodont stem reptiles, and that birds are the direct descendents of a group of dinosaurs known as the coelurosaurs. Both hypotheses pose many interesting and insightful ideas based on information obtained from the fossil record. There is not enough