Vol. 1 - 2. London and New York : Routledge. Grimes, B. F., ed. 1992. Ethnologue, Languages of the World. Dallas, Texas: Summer Institute of Linguistics. Ponelis, Fritz. 1993. The Development of Afrikaans. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Verlag Peter Lang. Reberge, Paul T. 1994. The Formation of Afrikaans. Stellenbosch, South Africa: SPIL PLUS. Geography.about.com/od/southafricamaps/a/Afrikaners.htm Holmes, J. 1992. An introduction to Sociolinguistics. London: Longman. Hudson, R. 1980. Sociolinguistics
South Africa is diverse in culture but could be unified in language. English should be South Africa’s unifying language. It is necessary to understand what nationhood is, so that you the reader realise that a national language does not alter a nation. It binds the nation. I will also discuss South Africa’s diverse cultures and how a unifying language can merge these cultures. Lastly, I will demonstrate the links between language and identity. The concept of a nation is not easily defined. ”Nationalism
“The Power of One” by Bryce Courtney is a novel that revolves around the differences between the English language and the Afrikaans language. Peekay is the protagonist who is tormented because he is the only English-spoken student in his boarding school. His inability to speak the Afrikaans language makes him a target among the boys in the school. He is often abused and tormented as they don’t not see him acceptable in their eyes. The boys call him names such as, “pisskop” and “Rooineck”
When it comes to linguistics, South Africa is like a melting pot of languages. In total, South Africa has eleven major languages coming from both Africa and Europe. The major languages used are Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Pedi, Sesotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa and Zulu. In order to understand how each of these languages arrived in South Africa, we must first look at the history of people living in the country. The first identified language spoken in the South Africa was Khoisan. This
segregated. “One of the reasons for the being of apartheid was that the powerful Afrikaans thought it was God’s will for the blacks and whites in South Africa to be segregated. (Bestall).” The oppressors in South Africa were the Afrikaans people, descendants of the Dutch settlers who colonized South Africa. History has a tendency to repeat itself and the excuse of God’s will is seen many times throughout history. The Afrikaans used this rationalization because during colonial times it was a legitimate
it from the Afrikaans. South Africa in the 1860s found that they had great valuable resources in their state, emphasizing on diamonds and gold along the Orange and Vaal Rivers. Due to the British annexing the Afrikaans access to these minds, it resulted in them creating an armed resistance against the British, which starts off the First Boer War (also known as the Anglo-Boer War). You can see the conflict between he two states because of the annexation the Brit's had on the Afrikaans, which also
On the 16th of June,1976, the Soweto uprising began with high school students protested for a better education. The uprising was a protest formed by black Africans, who objected against the use of the Afrikaans language in South African schools. There are many causes for this uprising such as the apartheid laws strengthening and the introduction of the Bantu Education Act.There were also several important consequences.These include the deaths of over 500 individuals and the beginning of a larger
3.7.3. Reflexivity Reflexivity refers to how a researcher and their own inter-subjectivity can shape and even transform their chosen research (Mauthner & Doucet, 2003). Thus reflexivity is intrinsically linked to the 'trustworthiness ' of research itself (Mauthner & Doucet, 2003). Furthermore the notion of reflexivity is also linked to the social constructionism in that it account for the researchers own role in co-constructing the knowledge garnered through their research. To contribute to the
uprising was led by 10,000 black students from Naledi High and Morris Issacson High. It was intended to be a peaceful march on June 16, 1976. It was a protest against instruction in Afrikaan. The New York Times has stated, “…The students complained that the regulation required them to cope with a third language; Afrikaan which was the language of the apartheid
in 1976 caused major upset amongst black South African students, leading to their opposition and ultimate protest of marching against this decree which imposed Afrikaans as the medium of instruction in half the subjects in both primary and middle schools. Not only that, but members at the time of the ruling National Party spoke Afrikaans which angered the students further as they saw it as the “language of the oppressor”. Both African teachers and students experienced the negative implications of
their countries so that they could have music for enjoyment. Slaves who could play musical instruments were valuable. Music from colonialists’ countries e.g. Dutch folk songs was adapted by slaves. Other music that developed was from the Malay and Afrikaans. Instruments such as the “ghomma”, a small drum held between the knees, were created. Denis-Constant Martin said that the Governor of the Cape had a slave orchestra from 1676. The first Capetonian song was in 1707 which was a song that was half Malay
Language is a system of representation that enables us to encode and convey meaning through the production and combination of signs. (Neves, 2011) Multilingualism can, therefore, be described as a person’s capability to maintain and practice two or more languages in an environment. This concept is quite commonly seen throughout South Africa as there is a total of eleven official languages. These languages are critical in today’s youth as they are exposed to a culturally diverse society which enables
Throughout the development of the resistance against the apartheid in South Africa, Steve Biko and his back consciousness movement effectively achieved to build a more ground both mentally and physically for the black south African people, specifically youths. The long term causes and effects which the apartheid system had brought, led to the difficulty in effectiveness of the resistance and the Black consciousness (BC) changes. However prior to the Black Consciousness Movement, the resistance movement
apparent for the non-white population – the state controlled and often manipulated them with various pieces of Apartheid legislation. In the political sphere, South Africa could be seen to a certain extent as a totalitarian one-party state, as the Afrikaans National Party (NP) maintained power throughout Apartheid. Opposition parties (such as the ANC, PAC, SACP, and UDF in 1988) were banned according to the “Unlawful Organisations Act No 34 of 1960;”2 and in 1956, the “Separate Representation of Voters
Afrikaners are Dutch, German, and French Europeans who settled in South Africa. They speak their own Afrikaans language and is also known as “Boers” which is Dutch for “farmers”. Their livelihood has revolved around farming, making them an asset to the trade. The United States would do well to house Afrikaners to benefit from their years of farming knowledge
Prejudice and Racism. Is racism an individual or social problem Racism and prejudice are found in all public discourses not only in South Africa but also in other countries. It is universal, exists across cultures; emerges when there are perceivable differences among groups struggling for social power. Further, De La Rey & Duncan (2003) views racism as an institutional system which systematically marginalise or dominate another group. ‘Race’ is the dominant explanatory concept for the composition
The Apartheid took place mostly within the country of South Africa along with a few minor independent city states such as Peoria and other countries in the vicinity of South Africa. It also took place internationally. How the Apartheid fell was a chain link of events. The early stages of the demise began around the early 1900s when new laws were placed out and riots broke out in the streets. When the Apartheid outlawed and banned the African National Congress (ANC) as well as sent many of its leaders
The very first slave arrived in the Cape in 1653 and went by the name of Abraham van Batavia. Slaves were brought from Madagascar, Malaya and East Africa Slaves were taken against their own will. The slaves that were shipped in were all black, this was not due to racism but to the fact they it was illegal to enslave Christians. The slaves that worked in the Cape were given any jobs that were required to be done, this included tasks such as working in the fields, farming, domestic work, taking care
makes it unique. This is a country were there are people with different beliefs and traditions, but at the end they are identified by their pride of being from South Africa. There are eleven official languages in South Africa; they are English, Afrikaans, Ndebele, Sepedi, Xhosa, Venda, Tswana, Southern Sotho, Zulu, Swazi and Tsonga. South Africa also recognizes eight unofficial languages: Fanagalo, Khoe, Lobedu, Nama, Northern Ndebele, Phuthi, San and South African Sign Language. Even the variation
established several organizations to promote these aims: the broader bond, founded in 1918 was the driving force behind the growth of Afrikaner nationalism. It was also a secret. Organization which wanted to end English domination. The federation of Afrikaans cultural organizations was established by the broederbond to support cultural activities. Afrikaner cultural organizations were separate from English versions. In 1938 the broederbond organized a centenary trek to commemorate the great trek of 100