We made Acetylsalicylic Acid by reacting Salicylic Acid and Acetic Anhydride. We conducted a series of tests which included white powder comparison, melting point, Iron (Ⅲ) ion, and spectrophotometer to determine the purity. All these tests indicated that we had some amount of contamination. By combining the results of our tests, and spectrophotometer readings, we concluded that our sample was not very pure. We calculated that we had about 14% Salicylic Acid in our purified sample. We claim that
Falak Mdahi Chem 203.2 The Synthesis of Acetanilide from Acetic Anhydride and Aniline Introduction Recrystallization is a technique used to purify solids that contains small amounts of impurities. It is used to isolate pure solids from a supersaturated solution leaving the impurities in the solvent (1). The solid containing the impurities is placed in a hot solvent and upon cooling the compound precipitates to its purified form while the impurities are left behind in the solvent (1). There are six
Creating and Testing Aspirin Introduction Aspirin is created when salicylic acid and acetic anhydride react together (French et al. 82). However, phosphoric acid is needed as a catalyst, and acetic acid is released as a by-product (French et al. 82). The reaction of aspirin is as shown below: Figure 1. Structures Found in Aspirin Synthesis (French et al. 82 The limiting reagent controls how much product can be produced (French et al. 83). The reagent that is the first to be completely used is the
heating approximately 100mL of distilled water in a 400mL beaker along with few boiling chips to 45-50 ℃. 3.0g of salicylic acid was weighed (salicylic acid was formed from Step 1) into a 100mL beaker. In a 10mL graduated cylinder, 5.0mL of acetic anhydride was measured and was transferred into the 100mL beaker. 5 drops of concentrated sulphuric acid was also added into the beaker. The mixture was heated gently in the water bath and was stirred continuously until all the solid had dissolved. An
Northrop Morse at the John Hopkins University, Paracetamol was one of several aniline deriviatives that was found to have analgesic and antipyretic properties (Brodie 23). It was first synthesized by the reduction of p-nitrophenol with tin in glacial acetic acid; however was not used classified as a medication until ten year later (Bertolini 264). Initially, phenacetin, a closely related compound that exhibited similar physiological effects, became the popular over the counter drug for headaches (Bertolini
Then, I added 8 drops of concentrated phosphoric acid to the mixture. swirling it a few times. Then, I carefully took the flask to the station as I avoided trying to breath the vapors of the acetic anhydride. I put the e-flask into the beaker of water sitting on the hot plate in order to heat it for seven minutes. Once the seven minutes was up, my partner carried the e-flask to the fume hood, and added 3 mL of de-ionized water to the flask. She swirled
require prescription. It is a salicylate. It effectively diminishes the pain of problems such as headaches, toothaches and joint pains. It works by reducing substances in the body that cause fever, pain and inflammation. salicylic acid (C7H6O3) + acetic
remodeled and revised for a small scale experiment. An esterification reaction from the combination of salicylic acid and acetic anhydride with the presence of an acid catalyst produced acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and acetate. Purification of the crude aspirin was done through a technique called crystallization, wherein both the single solvent and mixed solvent
experiment allows the students to conduct synthesis of aspirin, reinforcing the skills of recrystallization and the technique of melting point determination. Esterification was used to synthesize aspirin which was by reacting salicylic acid with acetic anhydride. To speed up the reaction, dehydrating agent and conc. sulphuric acid was present. The purity of a substance, which is the aspirin in this particular experiment, can be determined by the identification of its melting point. Both experimental
1. Name of experiment (1 pt): Aniline acetylation by means of the use of acetic anhydride and recrystallization of crude acetanilide for purification. 2. Purpose of experiment (2 pts): The purpose of the experiment was to acetylate aniline with the use of acetic anhydride and purify the crude acetanilide by recrystallization; in addition, determine the percent yield for acetanilide. 7. Interpret the obtained results (20 pts): The yield of the crude acetanilide was fair (98.45%). This was apparent
hood, 10 mL and 50 mL graduated cylinder. To synthesize aspirin a boiling-water bath was prepared by adding 300-mL tap water to the 600-mL beaker and placed on a hot plate with a ring stand around the beaker. Then 2.1g of salicylic acid, 4-mL acetic anhydride, and 5 drops of concentrated H2SO4 solution were added to the Erlenmeyer flask and the flask was swirled gently until some of the solids dissolved and some undissolved. Utilizing the clamp, the Erlenmeyer flask was placed inside
acetoacetate It can be prepared from phthalic anhydride and resorcinol in the presence of zinc chloride by the Friedel-Crafts reaction. Eosin is a fluorescent red dye produce by bromination of fluorescein. Reaction: Phthalic anhydride Resorcinol Fluorescein Fluorescein Eosin Procedure: Preparation of fluorescein Grind 1.5 g. Phthalic anhydride and 2.2 g. of resorcinol and heat
chemical reactions known as esterification reactions. The compound containing a hydroxyl group reacts with a compound containing a carboxylic acid group, producing an ester molecule and water. Since this reaction is slow, the lab used acetic anhydride instead of acetic acid to drive the reaction to completion. As a result, the chemical formula is C7H6O3(s) + C4H6O3(l) → C4H8O4(s) + C2H4O2(l) The mass of aspirin produced was 6.051g producing a high percent yield
acetaminophen. Its molecular formula isC8H9NO2 , has a molecular weight of 151.2 g/mol. The medication of paracetamol can be administered in various ways and they are sold in different formulations. The common dosage comes in tablets form of 500 mg, in dispersible fizzy tablets (500 mg) and oral suspensions. It can also be bought in capsules as a mixture with other API like caffeine and codeine. Paracetamol structure The pure compound melting point should be in the range of 169-172 ℃. During
A multistep synthesis procedure was used to synthesize benzocaine from p-toluidine (Scheme 1). In step one, p-toluidine was acetylated to produce p-acetotoluidide to protect the amine from oxidation. In step two, the methyl substituent on p-acetotoluidide was oxidized to produce p-acetamidobenzoic acid. In step three, p-acetamidobenzoic acid was hydrolyzed to remove the protecting group to produce p-aminobenzoic acid. In step four, p-aminobenzoic acid was esterified to produce benzocaine. A melting
harmfulness and product wastes of the reagents used because these are straightforward. As per Wikipedia, alkyl halides are greenhouse gasses or ozone depletors, therefore will possibly poison to the atmosphere. Another point was made is that acid anhydrides are more reactive than ester because carboxylate anion is better leaving group than an alkoxide anion because the negative charge is more
Part 1 Table 10: Mass of crude acetaminophen produce during synthesis. Substance Mass Crude acetaminophen 2.0222 Table 11: Mole calculation of 4-aminophenol and acetic anhydride. Compound 4-aminophenol Acetic anhydride Acetaminophen Mass/ volume used 2.0126 g (1.08 g)/mol x 2.2 ml=2.376 g - Molecular weight 109.13 g/mol 102.09 g/mol 151.63 g/mol Mole (2.0126 g)/(109.13 g/mol) =0.018 mol (2.376 g)/(102.09 g/mol) = 0.023 mol 4-aminophenol acts as limiting reagent during the synthesis of acetaminophen
Chapter-2 Efficient ZnO NPs catalyzed Friedlander annulations in the synthesis of diverse quinolin-2(1H)-ones 2.1.1 INTRODUCTION OF QUINOLINONES AND QUINOLINES The quinolinone and quinoline ring is highly prevalent in natural compounds. There are synthetic and potential agents, which show various pharmacological properties (Priya et al., 2012). Quinolinones are important structural intermediates for synthesis of functionalized quinolines (Baston et al., 2000). Quinolines have demonstrated various
Introduction: From the lab book (1), Experiment 12.2A discusses the nitration of methyl benzoate to give an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. This is seen in this experiment as a hydrogen on methyl benzoate is replaced with a nitronium ion. To achieve this an acid-base reaction, sulfuric acid and nitric acid react to produce a nitronium ion, a hydronium ion, and 2 bisulfate ions as seen in Structure 1. The nitronium ion reacts with an aromatic ring forming a sigma complex
reaction, the pH for HCL increases faster than acetic acid to reach the equivalence point. At this phase the solution is acidic. At the equivalence i.e., between 90% and 100% of the reaction, the moles of acid are stoichiometrically equal to the moles of base. The equivalence point for both HCL and acetic acid is 7.67 and 9.19 respectively. The volume at which the equivalence point occurs is 23.25 ml and 24.50 ml respectively for HCL and acetic acid. The volume is different because of the