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Symbolism in the plague by Albert Camus
Symbolism in the plague by Albert Camus
The plague literary devices
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Camus’ book “The Plague” demonstrates the fight between a community and the bubonic plague. Camus creates a range of characters that deal with the plague in their own individual ways; the only hero among them is Jean Tarrou. Dr. Bernard Rieux comes close to being a hero but he falls short of this by the fact that he is doing his duty as a doctor, which is expected of him. Camus uses Jean Tarrou to speak to the reader on how to heroically deal with death. Jean Tarrou is also used as an example of heroes who get crushed by fate for rebellion.
All of the characters, except for Jean Tarrou, cannot be considered heroes because they all do not act in heroic ways. Father Paneloux believes in sainthood and God; he offers no resistance to the plague because he feels it is divinely sent to eliminate the sinners of Oran. Rambert chooses to run and not face the plague, in order to see his “wife”. He is also called out for failing to do his basic duty as a reporter of recording the events of the plague (Camus, 190). Jean Tarrou, however, is able to do this. Joseph Grand does nothing to fight the plague. Cottard welcomes the plague and views it as an opportunity to further his wealth, which is an example of sheer selfishness. The rest of the citizens of Oran wait to die, or work for Jean Tarrou in the sanitation squad. Dr. Bernard Rieux views the plague as “a never-ending defeat”. He fights death only because he feels it’s his job as a doctor, and leaves one wondering if he was not a doctor what he would do. Doctor Bernard Rieux almost becomes indifferent to the death and suffering. Jean Tarrou gives the ultimate sacrifice in the end for his fight. Doctor Bernard Rieux, on the other hand, returns to his methodical diagnosis of patients and re...
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...tal punishment and not believing in a god. The people of Oran did not know why the plague was upon them. It took Jean Tarrou, who was traveling through, to stay and join the resistance effort in an attempt to make their life better. A connection can be seen from Camus who tried to join the military, along with the poor people of France who did not understand why war was forced upon them.
Jean Tarrou is meant to be the hero in “The Plague”. He is the only hero because he is the only person to fully sacrifice himself for the better of the community with no obligation to the city itself. He selflessly works to resist the plague while many of the citizens of Oran only resist the plague because it is there duty; or view the plague as a way to further their wealth. He acts on his belief and despite knowing that he will not reach his goal, he works towards it regardless.
Eventually, Grand contracts the plague and is spared death. His recovery marks the turning of the tide for the citizens of Oran. Grand’s recovery gives a sense of hope to the citizens of Oran. The narrator tells us early on; “and if it is absolutely necessary that this narrative should include a “hero,”it should be one with “goodness of heart” and “a seemingly absurd ideal” (Camus, 137).
The Plague (French, La Peste) is a novel written by Albert Camus that is about an epidemic of bubonic plague. The Plague is set in a small Mediterranean town in North Africa called Oran. Dr. Bernard Rieux, one of the main characters, describes it as an ugly town. Oran’s inhabitants are boring people who appear to live, for the most part, habitual lives. The main focus of the town is money. “…everyone is bored, and devotes himself to cultivating habits. Our citizens work hard, but solely with the object of getting rich. Their chief interest is in commerce, and their chief aim in life is, as they call it, 'doing business’” (Camus 4). The citizens’ unawareness of life’s riches and pleasures show their susceptibility to the oncoming plague. They don’t bother themselves with matters not involving money. It is very easy for the reader to realize that they are too naive to combat the forthcoming calamity. The theme of not knowing life is more than work and habits will narrow the people’s chances of survival. Rieux explains that the town had a view of death as something that happens every day. He then explains that the town really doesn’t face towards the Mediterranean Sea. Actually it is almost impossible to see the sea from town. Oran is a town which seems to turn its back on life and freedom. The Plague was first published in 1948 in France. “Early readers were quick to note that it was in part an allegory of the German occupation of France from 1940 to 1944, which cut France off from the outside world; just as in the novel the town of Oran must close its gates to isolate the plague” (“The Plague” 202). When the plague first arrives, the residents are slow to realize the extreme danger they are in. Once they finally become aware of it...
In 1348, people from all around the world suffered from one of the most deadliest and cruel diseases known as the Black Death. The plague killed so many people in Europe that some of the villages were abandoned and the population of some cities was decreased by half. Giovanni Boccaccio was an Italian writer and poet who eye-witnessed and described the horrors caused by the Black Death in his novels Decameron. In Boccaccio’s work, the sick people were left behind to survive on their own and even children were left behind by their parents because they were sick. Unfortunately, from all the people who died during the epidemic, the peasants were those who actually benefited from it. The Black Death end up with political,
As a Christian speaking to the people of Oran, it would be very difficult to say anything to a people facing such terrible affliction. Even though Father Paneloux believed what he was preaching, I believe he was completely wrong. This would make what I would say much different from what Father Paneloux said. However, some strong points did emerge from his sermons. Overall, the two sermons in Albert Camus’ The Plague fail to help people become more faithful and fail to even preach to the people of Oran the truth.
Dr. Rieux is absolutely an absurd hero because he does what he has to do. He still works as a doctor instead of hiding in fear, hoping to not get the plague like many other of the citizens. Of course, he does not want to fall ill, but he knows that should not stop him from completely ignoring his duties. Unlike many of his fellow citizens who just cowered in their home, he realizes his responsibility and lived up to his specific duty. Everyone’s belief was that the whole city is condemned to die, which was influenced by the priest's sermon, stating this is punishment for the sins of the townspeople, but Dr.Rieux ignored that and stayed to fight. "There's no question of heroism in all this. It's a matter of common decency. That's an idea which may make some people smile, but the only means of fighting a plague is – common decency." (Camus, The Plague). He does not give up and he does not show weakness. Dr. Rieux has a very similar personality to the character Sisyphus in The Myth of Sisyphus. Sisyphus is sentenced to roll a rock to the top of the mountain and then watch it roll back down, for eternity. “Man...
Character development in The Plague plays a significant role in illustrating the way that man will endure against an incomparable being or force. In this case, the plague. The people of Oran have an understanding, though an indefinite one, of the power of the plague because Dr. Rieux publicly accepts the situation. Rieux makes it clear that he plans to “get busy with [the plague]” (89), but “[he] knew: that this wasn’t the easiest course” (89). In other words, Dr. Rieux us fully aware that he is up against something much stronger than himself. However, he is intent on combating the plague. Dr. Rieux, however, does not represent all of the people. Not all of the people are immediately awake to the fact that the plague is a force to be reckoned with. Because a majority of them do not know the true power of the plague, they have no desire to counteract the early stages of the disease. Without knowing the actual severity of the situation, “the risk of the plague seemed insignificant” (70) to them. The overall nonchalant attitude of the citi...
Albert Camus, a know existentialist and world renowned author used his gift of writing to express his ideas. Resulting in a culmination of his beliefs into one book called The Plague. Within the book, there is one chapter that supersedes all of the other chapters in sharing Camus beliefs. Chapter fifteen is filled with Camus worldview woven in perfectly with his artistic style and techniques. Through this chapter, Camus obliterates religion, gives man a purpose, redefines wisdom resulting in a transvaluation of modern man's beliefs through suffering.
Rieux seems to influence the readers perspective by seemingly suggesting that societal order was breaking down at the time thus making the plague seem even more grim. In addition during a discussion with Tarrou, Dr. Rieux’s reveals that he is an atheist Tarrou also does the same during the discussion between two of them this is later reinforced when Rieux addresses the priest Paneloux over the death of Jacques Othon a young child who suffered greatly before his death and was also the son of the conservative magistrate M. Othon. Rieux states “No, Father. I’ve a very different idea of love. And until my dying day I shall refuse to love a scheme of things in which children are put to torture.”(218). This also affects his view of the plague as an atheist he does not believe in an afterlife which not only increases the feeling of urgency in curing those infected but also heightens the emotional impact of each death and also increases pressure on Rieux which will also influence his thinking. During a conversation between Dr. Rieux and Tarrou they also put a spin on how the plague is viewed during a discussion “Tarrou nodded. “Yes. But your victories will never be lasting; that’s all.” Rieux’s face darkened. “Yes, I know
To the world today, a hero is someone distinguished by exceptional courage, nobility, or strength; but really, anyone can be a hero. A hero can vary from someone as well-known as George Washington to someone as unheard of as anyone’s very own mother. Someone who has done a good deed for someone else is hero. The biggest heroes are the ones in well-known books and plays, such as Odysseus from The Odyssey, or have made a huge difference in the history of this world, like Mahatma Gandhi. Siddhartha Gautama is a hero, but not in the same way Odysseus or Gandhi are. Although these three influential people went through different journeys in order to accomplish different things, they are all heroes in their own way and have been through the same cycle of the road of trials and crisis/salvation.
Hamlet the Hero There are various ways to define a hero. There is an endless amount of people who are heroes. A hero can be, "one who exhibits courage and/or daring," a hero can be, "one who is supremely noble or self-sacrificing," a hero can be a champion or a winner. A hero can save the day, or even save your life.
When I think of a hero I immediately think of someone who is strong, intelligent, handsome, and daring. Upon closer examination, many different qualities than these become apparent. Courage, honesty, bravery, selflessness, and the will to try are just a few of the overlooked qualities of a hero. The definition of heroism changes with the context and time. Heroes of the past are not necessarily heroes of present time and vise versa.
Movies have evolved a great deal since the days when a couple fighting scenes and a small love story satisfied audiences. Today movie plots are much more complicated and have much more action, thanks to modern day technologies. Although these new technologies seem to make movies increasingly complicated, some crucial roles in movies will never change. One thing that has remained constant in the film industry is the role of the hero. No matter what the genera of the film and or when the film was made the hero’s always share similar characteristics and are put through similar series of tests to prove their heroism. When these tests are completed it seems to pull everything together in their films. Although the hero Shane in the movie Shane and the hero Ripley in the movie Aliens are from two separate generas and are also from separate time periods, the hero’s in each movie share characteristics and are put through similar tests that make them, in theory, one in the same. Heroic characteristics start to become evident right from the start of each of the movies.
In today's modern times we hear the word hero all of the time. The news media throws the term around as if it is an everyday word. What exactly is a hero? Who, or what, can be classified as heroic? The correct definition of the word hero is: One invested with heroic qualities in the opinions of others. That is a fine definition for books and intellectual minds. To the average person, however, a hero is much more.
The tragedy of Hamlet, Shakespeare’s most popular and greatest tragedy, presents his genius as a playwright and includes many numbers of themes and literary techniques. In all tragedies, the main character, called a tragic hero, suffers and usually dies at the end. Prince Hamlet is a model example of a Shakespearean tragic hero. Every tragedy must have a tragic hero. A tragic hero must own many good traits, but has a flaw that ultimately leads to his downfall. If not for this tragic flaw, the hero would be able to survive at the end of the play. A tragic hero must have free will and also have the characteristics of being brave and noble. In addition, the audience must feel some sympathy for the tragic hero.