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Diversity and its impact on law enforcement
Philosophy on leadership as it relates to policing
Philosophy on leadership as it relates to policing
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Jo G. Holland’s article, The Feminization of the Community Corrections Work Force, was published in Corrections Magazine (Holland, 2008, pp. 44-47). It discusses issues related to women in the corrections profession, including historical male domination, barriers for women, and the challenges ahead. Holland begins the article by discussing historical male dominance in the corrections profession. It traditionally has been exclusive to laws being created, enforced, and interpreted by men, including legislators, law enforcement officers, and judges (Chapman, Minor, Mills, Bottum, 1983). The perception has always been men deal with crime and women do not because of their traditional gender role (Naffine, 1996). Women have worked in corrections …show more content…
Holland’s position of gender inequality is based on a study by Norfolk State University’s Department of Criminal Justice. The 2005 study examined the key issues relevant to the role of women working in community corrections (Norfolk University, 2005). The data for the study was collected from the Virginia Department of Corrections to in order to evaluate trends. It …show more content…
As a Lieutenant in the eighth largest police department in Michigan, my title defines me as middle management. My professional aspirations include pursuing a role as executive management in the future. Over the last several years, I have transitioned away a traditional style to a more progressive, understanding style of leadership. As my police department evolves, I have firsthand observed the need to be open minded on a variety of issues, including expanded opportunities for qualified minorities within the traditional culture of white male dominated law enforcement. And on a personal note, as the father of a daughter that is also half Latino (Irish + Mexican = beautiful daughter), I am absolutely in favor of diversity and equal opportunity in the
Erin G., 2010, A Woman Doing Life: Notes from a Prison for Women: The Southwest Journal of Criminal Justice. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. Pp. vi, 202, Vol. 8(2)175.
Looking beyond women's issues and questioning basic humanity, we find a deceptive, unstable yet somehow egotistical governmental department. With an organization like this in control, there is no hope of rehabilitation for the prisoners as was discovered throughout the inquiry performed on Correctional Services Canada.
During the eighteenth century, most punishments took place within the community. Incarceration was not as popular as it is in today’s society. Women offenders were punished by male figures instead of going through the court system; usually by their fathers, husbands, guardians, or employers. Because men were recognized as the head of their house holds, they were expected to chastise anyone under their authority (wives, children, servants, or apprentices (Smith, 2012, p. 1695). In the correctional setting, history shows it was customary for women to assume occupational positions involving administration and clerical job duties; especially when working in a gender segregated facility. Mary Weed was the first woman to run a correctional facility in the United States...
In this paper I will explain how life in prison differs for a female as for a male. I will explain how they differently deal with the situation of being incarcerated and how it affects them both. I will show how the number of incarcerated male and female inmates has gone up throughout the years. I will talk about the challenges and rewards officers face when working with male and female inmates. I will also incorporate the different type of organizations and programs the criminal justice system offers to help them. I will include examples throughout my research paper of both, female and male, to show how they are different.
Women in the criminal justice system was an idea that was virtually unheard of before almost 200 years ago. During this time, society established that men were to be the breadwinners, and that women were to take care of the children and the home. When women expressed the desire to get out into the workforce, there was some backlash resulting from the notion. However, when they showed interest in getting involved with the police department, most men immediately took offense. They used methods such as legislation and covert discrimination to try and dissuade women from policing and keep them in their traditional roles as wives and mothers. Despite their efforts, women have grown to become vital members in the criminal justice system today. Proving their male counterparts wrong, women held on to the concept that they could be valuable in other ways and become hard-working police officers who protect and serve their communities on the frontlines.
Feminist criminology looks to address this restriction by improving our understanding of both male and female offending as well as criminal justice system responses to their crimes. They also try to find ways to place gender at the center of the discussion, bringing women’s ways of understanding the world into the knowledge on crime, criminality, and responses to crime. It is obvious that men commit more crimes than women. Criminology was developed to help understand why people commit crimes so that laws could be passed to reduce crimes. Women not only commit less crimes they commit crimes that are really unimportant as to why they have been ignored since the 1970’s. Today, women are still committing less crimes but the types of crimes are those similar to men. Feminist criminology includes a wide range of theoretical perspectives and methodologies that discusses how gender forms knowledge at the center of intellectual analysis. It emphases on an extensive variety of issues related to women and crime, including hypothetical explanations of crime, responses to female offending, programming in women’s prisons, women as workers in the field of corrections, and the different needs of women prisoners. Feminist believed it is not a standardized method; it integrates the liberal feminist focus on equal
Assessing the consequences of our country’s soaring imprison rates has less to do with the question of guilt versus innocence than it does with the question of who among us truly deserves to go to prison and face the restrictive and sometimes brutally repressive conditions found there. We are adding more than one thousand prisoners to our prison and jail systems every single week. The number of women in prisons and jails has reached a sad new milestone. As women become entangled with the war on drugs, the number in prison has increased if not double the rate of incarceration for men. The impact of their incarceration devastates thousands of children, who lose their primary caregiver when Mom goes to prison.
When institutions for women were first used, their purpose was to rehabilitate women as they had somehow deviated from their roles. Women were viewed as feebleminded and their crimes attributed to mental illnesses. Therefore, they were thought to have very different needs from men while in prison and not much reform has been done since. The idea that violence by women was due to mental health resulted in their overmedication, especially when compared to their male counterparts. The legacy of differential needs and care for female offenders has remained the same over the years, with episodic efforts at reform. What little reform has taken place has been due to scandals or principles that give attention to gender specific needs and/or thoughts to empower women. Issues such as sexual assault and the exchange of sex for necessities, such as sanitary products, have left many temporarily outraged and in want of change. Others, such as prison nurseries, have caused much debate as to their appropriateness. However, women’s facilities lack the same resources needed for reentry as men’s, not to mention that women’s access to their children while imprisoned is just as important as men’s. Therefore, access to their family and children should not be a gendered issue, if one decides to go there. At the end of the day women need that same things for reentry into their communities once released: affordable housing, employment, family relations, etc. Therefore, resources should be allocated to making them succeed once they exit the facilities. (Kruttschnitt,
In the history of the American penitentiary, women are, for the most part, invisible. The early history of women’s prisons as well as theories about female criminality did not factor into the discussion. In comparison, there is a large amount of scholarship and literature on male prisons and prisoners of that same time. This paper is an attempt to fill that gap. With Women, Prison, & Crime, Women in Prison and Their Sister’s Keepers by Jocelyn Byrne, Cyndi Banks and Estelle Freedman, respectively, this paper attempts to outline the history of women’s prisons and the main theories about female prisoners from 1840-1930. In analyzing these two concepts in conjunction with the status of women in society at those particular times, a pattern emerges. Theories about female criminals, and the subsequent approaches created to control them, are a direct reflections of society’s belief that a woman’s place is in the domestic sphere. Thus, from 1815-1930, society only considered women criminal when they left that sphere and all reformatory efforts went towards their return.
“The history of correctional thought and practice has been marked by enthusiasm for new approaches, disillusionment with these approaches, and then substitution of yet other tactics”(Clear 59). During the mid 1900s, many changes came about for the system of corrections in America. Once a new idea goes sour, a new one replaces it. Prisons shifted their focus from the punishment of offenders to the rehabilitation of offenders, then to the reentry into society, and back to incarceration. As times and the needs of the criminal justice system changed, new prison models were organized in hopes of lowering the crime rates in America. The three major models of prisons that were developed were the medical, model, the community model, and the crime control model.
...A Community Corrections Perspective." American Correctional Association. N.p., 29 July 2009. Web. 10 Apr. 2014. .
According to Crowther-Dowey and Silvestri, (2016) preserving a normal penitentiary and maintaining the right to lifespan is particularly important concerning women prisoners, who are over-exemplified in the self-mutilation and self-injury data. In the middle of 1990 and 2011 there have been 139 female inmates, who have become victims of the penal system (Crowther-Dowey & Silvestri, 2016). There is a disparity of females who have perished in the penitentiaries, and they are more probable to be in their youth, drug abusers, previously recognized as in danger of self-mutilation on onset, and similarly parents (Crowther-Dowey & Silvestri, 2016). Females are double as probable as males in the penitentiary
There are quite a few differences between women and men’s prisons. The differences between the two are first the women’s prisons are designed and built for women, and men’s prisons are designed and built for men, there are little or no resemblances between the two. The main differences between the two are the security level which dictates the number of safety measures needed to keep the public protected from the inmates (Schmalleger, & Smykla, 2015). Women’s prisons do not have towers, high concrete walls or razor barbed wire fence their prisons are similar to a college dormitory. Institutions for women are like farms, reservations, and campuses. Although, prison life is difficult for both men and women it is much harder for men because there
Women today make up about 17% of all offenders in the United States. There have been issues that regard meeting the needs of women when it comes to the criminal justice system. In the areas of arrests, sentencing decisions, and incarceration, women are being treated differently. Due to the overwhelming amount of male offenders, women’s needs are often overshadowed and the criminal justice system does not know how to handle the rise of female crime rates. When it comes to policies and laws, they are based off the male offender, so when a female commits the same crimes, they are often being over classified and receive harsh penalties. Women’s drive to commit crime is mostly driven by economic issues, whether it is poverty or alcohol and drug
Throughout history, females have accounted for merely a small minority of offenders, a reality that remains true to this day (AuCoin & Kong, 2009). Through research, it has been proven that females are less at risk of committing crimes than their male counterparts, while those crimes are also primarily considered to be non-violent (AuCoin & Kong, 2009). As the rates of female offenders were considered meager in comparison to male offenders, it was evident that not only was there minimal research done on female offenders and their needs, but they additionally encountered a criminal justice system that was predominantly designed for the male population (AuCoin & Kong, 2009). Due to the fact that female offenders encompass such a small portion of the offender population, women’s institutions and correctional facilities remained irrelevant and received very little attention.