Yupiaq Worldview Within this paper, a glimpse into the Yupiaq society will hopefully be accomplished by answering a few questions. First question, what is the Yupiaq worldview? Next, what are the core values that are essential to the success of Yupiaq society? And finally, how are those values expressed in their approach to subsistence behaviors and knowledge of their environment? According to Kawagley, the worldview of the Yupiaq society is very basic in how they relate to ella, or the universe. The Yupiaq believe that the land is giver of life (p.7). Kawagley himself viewed nature as a part of themselves. They lived in harmony with the world around them and learned how to relate to other humans and the natural and spiritual worlds (p.8). …show more content…
They believed in sharing what they have, especially any hunting or fishing gains, to others in the village to include the elders. Their worldview consists of principles, or ideals that made sense of the world around them. This view of the world enabled them to make artifacts (tools for hunting and fishing, clothing, and shoes to name a very few) that were apt for their world. Everything that they made was sufficient, efficient, renewable, natural, eco-friendly, and compatible to their worldview. This was done as to not offend the animals or harm the landscape.
In regards to education of math and science, the Yupiaq learned many years ago how to avoid botulism and how much they needed to survive. As previously stated, ella provided all that was needed for sustaining life, and the Yupiaq took only what was needed. This thought process was key to their worldview.
Thoughts regarding math was on a very basic level and was simple for the Yupiaq. The Yupiaq do not think in additive or qualities of things. Since the Yupiaq were a tribe of hunter-gatherers, to use fish as an example, they would estimate what could fulfill their needs by acquiring enough that could fit in a box. They knew that the women could not clean any more fish than that in one day, so there was no need to take more than that. They also used math in the concept of time for traveling, basically how long it would
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They were more astute future observations. As previously stated they learned how to avoid botulism. This was accomplished by burying food at certain depths depending on the type of meat to prevent decay, or adding salt to meats for preserving. This was vital to their survival, especially during months of no hunting. It was quite the basic ideas of cause and effect, but by honoring ella you can become informed. The traditional knowledge and experiences of the Yupiaq were adapted to the environment and learned through their daily life tasks (p.41). Complete and sudden change would mean the destruction of the Yupiaq worldview, but science continues to be an agent of change in their region (p.42).
There were myriad of core values essential to the success of the Yupiaq society. Success was not unilateral in the Yupiaq society. Of the most important of the core values, sharing made the top of the list. Sharing was about meeting the needs of the village and considering the feelings and well-being of everyone. For the Yupiaq, sharing is official and
Since the beginning of time, mankind began to expand on traditions of life out of which family and societal life surfaced. These traditions of life have been passed down over generations and centuries. Some of these kin and their interdependent ways of life have been upheld among particular people, and are known to contain key pieces of some civilizations.
nature. In their culture they are taught to have reverence for nature and to be
Qayaqs, now known as kyaks, were used by the Yup'ik Eskimos of Southwest Alaska. The Qayaq is a symbol of the Yup'ik culture. It symbolizes the significance of subsistence and using the surrounding resources to survive. This vessel also represents the intelligence and ingenuity of the Yup'ik people developing and designing a water craft that was swift, quiet, and could withstand harsh water turbulence.
Though the Arabs aren’t known for inventing world and life altering machines, they maintained a consistency of development which we often take for granted. They were able to maintain this consistency because they lived in a dynasty where they were allowed intellectual freedom. Not only were they so advanced in fields such as science, but they were also clearly advanced in the subjects of humanism and equality. It was one of the only early civilizations where men and women had the same rights and could work in the same environment. With all the tools they acquired through intellectual freedom they were able to better understand the world.
to teach the young of the tribe the type of values they would have to
They had to be able to move around with the weather and animals. They didn’t necessarily “own” anything to themselves, they would share almost everything. When it came to distributing food they were very particular about how they distributed it. They made sure that everyone got the same amount, nowadays how much you get depends on how much you contribute to society. Usually today a person with more education gets more money, hunter gatherers got the same amount where they earned it or not. We are told that more is always better than whereas hunter gatherers always had very little technology, but they lived happy egalitarian
self-determination to realize and to protect Sami culture that promotes cultural heritage transferred to the coming generation.
They developed knowledge because when the Arabs took over land that is were most or some of their knowledge came from because they would take it over and take their books and scrolls and everything else that they had and that was one very effective method of gathering knowledge. They also translated most of this knowledge so it could be available in Arabic. Also with all this new knowledge they were able to fix some of their theories such as the Copernican universe showing the earth in the middle, once they have gathered enough information they discovered that the middle was not earth but it was the sun.
Development must take cultural specificity in to account, this is because our plant is made up of various ways of being human and varying ways of wellbeing. It is inherent to think the way we do and the distinction here obviously is what is common sense to ‘us’ is not common sense to the Ashaninak people. This leads to the idea that the earth is not a commodity but a social agent, a network of sociality where indigenous groups interact with sociality, Sarmiento Barletti (2014). Lewis Henry Morgan (1877) divides the social evolution of humans in to 3 basic stages, each stage was distinguished by a technological development. An each stage had a correlate in patterns of subsistence foe example marriage, family, and political organization. Morgan...
The Egyptians used math very heavily in their daily life. Since the Egyptians at that time had no money, participating in trade and market required knowledge of fractions. Since the Egyptians need the most precise calculations, they only used unit fractions, aside from the fraction 2/3. Because they didn’t round off their numbers, the closest possible answer was produced. Another peril of life in Egypt that was solved by math was the need for a calendar. Since the Nile flooded every season, a calendar was developed in order to specify the times of the floods, the planting season, and the harvest season.
Muslims revived the indian number system. In the 9th century, Al-Khwarzimi wrote a textbook about algebra(al-jabr in arabic). This textbook was translated into latin and used by the europeans later on. Algebra lets use advanced calculations and solve problems every day.
Economic activities of production and distribution are perceived by the Arapesh to just be part of their society. Everything that the Arapesh use and take care of daily belongs to someone else, whether it is their trees or pigs. The Arapesh believe that they must share what they own with the other Arapesh to help them survive.
After a broad overview of the situation and people involved, the authors start to break down the effects of development on each specific tribe in the Orang Asli. Once again we see the strength of this book, structure, as the tribes are each given its own section. This is very effective in helping the reader gradually understand the struggle each tribe has encountered.
One of the most debated questions throughout human history concerns whether or not math, one of the most useful areas of knowledge, was discovered or invented. Of course, many people have evidence and theories to what they think proves either side, yet the question still remains unanswered. When analyzing this question, it is important to fully understand the difference between the terms “discovered” and “invented”. Discovered can be defined as finding something or someone either unexpectedly or while searching. This is contrasted against the definition for invented which can be defined as creating, designing or producing something that has not existed before. With such different meanings, one must question how it is still unknown whether or not mathematics was found among nature or created in the mind. When developing something so basic as the number systems, did the human race invent math or simply discover the coding already written into the universe? Was math created to describe occurrences in nature or was it the reason patterns in nature occur? To put it more simply, does or does not math exist independent of humans? Did it exist before humans came along, and will it continue to exist after their extinction? There does not seem to be an agreed upon conclusion for these questions, however, it is important to analyze both sides of the argument. Overall, the best question to ask is, how do we know whether or not math is discovered or invented? Using various ways of knowing, examples, theories, and ideas both sides are exposed and reveal that they both are supported by plausible evidence and theories.
The 6th century Islamic empire inherited the scientific tradition of late antiquity. They preserved it, elaborated it, and finally, passed it to Europe (Science: The Islamic Legacy 3). At this early date, the Islamic dynasty of the Umayyads showed a great interest in science. The Dark Ages for Europeans were centuries of philosophical and scientific discovery and development for Muslim scholars. The Arabs at the time assimilated the ancient wisdom of Persia and the classical heritage of Greece, as well as adapting their own ways of thinking (Hitti 363).