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The women's suffrage 19th amendment
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The 1900's were remembered as a time of change when everyone began to demand equality for themselves. The need for change became so imperative that around 1910, the word progressive began to summarize an American movement calling for political and social change. Some of these changes included voting rights, equality in economics, and shorter working hours. During this time, according to Benjamin P. Dewitt, “Slowly, Americans realized that they were not free” (Give Me Liberty: An American History Vol. 2, Foner, 2017, pg. 693). This period was referred to as the Progressive Era, many things were addressed. In 1911, after the Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire broke out, it exposed some of the flaws in the American workplace. One example was that …show more content…
Journalists began to expose the dishonesty happening in bigger corporations, something referred to as muckraking, a name given by the President. Muckraking is “the use of journalistic skills to expose the underside of American life” (Give Me Liberty: An American History Vol. 2, Foner, 2017, pg. 695). Some influential “muckrakers” were Lincoln Steffens, Ida Tarrell, and Upton Sinclair. Lincoln Steffens, who wrote the Shame of the Cities, “showed how party bosses and business leaders profited from political corruption” (Give Me Liberty: An American History Vol. 2, Foner, 2017, pg. 695). His work was published in McClure's Magazine from 1901-1902, then in book format in 1904. Ida Tarrell, hired by McClure's Magazine, exposed Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company's schemes. Her final product called, History of the Standard Oil Company, became two volumes, published in 1904. Upton Sinclair, considered as one of the most influential uncovering novel, the Jungle, exposed America's Meat Industry. In 1906, the Jungle described “unsanitary slaughterhouses and the sale of rotten meat” (Give Me Liberty: An American History Vol. 2, Foner, 2017, pg. 696). These discoveries led to change in Americans protesting for change. Some issues may not have been addressed immediately, but the issues did have their time in the spotlight, like, the Triangle Shirtwaist Company. After the
Ida Tarbell, another noted muckraker, wrote a number of articles for McClure's, some of which were gathered in her 1904 book The History of the Standard Oil Company. Muckraking appeared in fiction as well. David Graham Phillips, 4 who began his career as a newspaperman, went on to write muckraking magazine articles and eventually novels about contemporary economic, political, and social problems such as insurance scandals, state and municipal corruption, shady Wall Street dealings, slum life, and women's emancipation. Perhaps the best-known muckraking novel was Upton Sinclair's 5
At the beginnings of the 1900s, some leading magazines in the U.S have already started to exhibit choking reports about unjust monopolistic practices, rampant political corruption, and many other offenses; which helped their sales to soar. In this context, in 1904, The Appeal to Reason, a leading socialist weekly, offered Sinclair $500 to prepare an exposé on the meatpacking industry (Cherny). To accomplish his mission, Sinclair headed to Chicago, the center of the meatpacking industry, and started an investigation as he declared“ I spent seven weeks in Packingtown studying conditions there, and I verified every smallest detail, so that as a picture of social conditions the book is as exact as a government report” (Sinclair, The Industrial Republic 115-16). To get a direct knowledge of the work, he sneaked into the packing plants as a pretended worker. He toured the streets of Packingtown, the area near the stockyards where the workers live. He approached people, from different walks of life, who could provide useful information about conditions in Packingtown. At the end of seven weeks, he returned home to New Jersey, shut himself up in a small cabin, wrote for nine months, and produced The Jungle (Cherny).
In 1906, socialist Upton Sinclair published The Jungle, a book he hoped would awaken the American people to the deplorable conditions of workers in the meat packing industry. Instead, the book sent the country reeling with its description of filthy, rat infested plants, suspect meats processed and sold to consumers, and corrupt government inspectors. President Roosevelt became seriously concerned by the charges brought forth by Mr. Sinclair and determined the only way to protect consumers from unscrupulous business and unsafe food was to enforce regulation.
The total circulation of the ten muckraking magazines reached over three million. Also, Upton Siclair's novels The Brass Check and The Jungle went over the hundred thousand mark by 1932. A new political movement of reformed capitalism was undergone as the muckraking era pounded out its grievances. Most importantly though, people, partly because of the information which muckrakers revealed, partly because of the visions of better things which reformers brought forth, and partly because of horrid personal experiences, began to regard big business as an enemy rather than a friend (Reiger 194-196). Works Cited Hofstadter, Richard.
To deal with this, workers from both eras fought unfair labor practices by creating unions and strikes. During the Progressive Era, employers soon realized better paid workers were better able to afford the products they were selling. Henry Ford was one of the first employers to realize this, as a result he raised the pay of workers to an average of $5 per day. This resulted in Ford’s annual input increasing from 34,000 cars to 730,000 cars from 1910 to 1930.
At the turn of the twentieth century “Muckraking” had become a very popular practice. This was where “muckrakers” would bring major problems to the publics attention. One of the most powerful pieces done by a muckraker was the book “The Jungle”, by Upton Sinclair. The book was written to show the horrible working and living conditions in the packing towns of Chicago, but what caused a major controversy was the filth that was going into Americas meat. As Sinclair later said in an interview about the book “I aimed at the publics heart and by accident hit them in the stomach.”# The meat packing industry took no responsibility for producing safe and sanitary meat.
“Terrible forces seemed out of control and the nation seemed imperiled. Farmers and workers had been waging political war against capitalists and political conservatives for decades, but then, slowly, toward the end of the nineteenth century a new generation of middle class Americans interjected themselves into public life and advocated new reforms to tame the runaway world of the Gilded Age” (American Yawp). Until one of the major tragedy happened known as the Triangle Shirtwaist were the factory was caught fire and many women had died or were injured. Events such as the Triangle Shirtwaist fire convinced many Americans of the need for reform, but the energies of activists were needed to spread a new commitment to political activism and government interference in the economy” (American Yawp). This is similar to the documentary video, A Dangerous Business, because, “workers had become injured in the McWane Corporation, safety was sacrificed to increase productivity” (Frontline/ Bergman). “Few years passed till OSHA found many violations but still owners would still put their workers at risk breaking violations time passed and suddenly they had too many violations that McWane had spent $5 million to develop a self-contaminated water treatment system, eliminated hazards, hired
In the 1890s, American women emerged as a major force for social reform. Millions joined civic organizations and extended their roles from domestic duties to concerns about their communities and environments. These years, between 1890 and 1920, were a time of many social changes that later became known as the Progressive Era. In this time era, millions of Americans organized associations to come up with solutions to the many problems that society was facing, and many of these problems were staring American women right in the face.
Large corporations used this to their advantage. Profit oriented leaders did little to make suitable working conditions. With the aid of Muckrakers, journalists who exposed the underside of American life, the nation began to understand the "evils" of industrialization (599). More and more did Americans escalate their concern for reforms. The reformists promoting the ideals of Progressivism were moralists and championed the ideals of human rights. Progressivism embraced a widespread, many-sided effort after 1900 to build a better soc...
Social movements refer to informal groups of people who focus on either political or social issues. The goal of the social movement is to change things in society, to refuse to go along with the norm, and to undo a social change. For example, the Women’s Rights Movement that began in the 1840s was geared towards getting women more equality in relation to political, social, and economic status in society (Foner). Along with this, women gained a louder voice to speak out about what they wanted to change and implemented the change. Prior to the Women’s Rights Movement, women were often timid, compliant, obedient, and mistreated. After the 1920s, a movement towards more equality was shifted in society views, however not all were convinced or changed by the new ideas of women. Although women began to get increased rights, the typical gender roles, which they were expected to follow did not loosely lesson. Women still found themselves doing the same gender roles, house roles, and family roles even after the 1920s. It was not until the 1960s when the Feminist movement began (Foner). The literary piece is “Why I Want a Wife” by Judy Brady and the goal of the Feminist Movement was to create new meanings and realities for women in terms of education, empowerment, occupation, sexual identity, art, and societal roles. In short, the Feminist Movement was aimed to gain women freedom, equal opportunity and be in control over their own life.
The “Circle of Life” is something that plays a prominent role in Disney's The Lion King. Focusing on the life as it pertains to an ecosystem, the lessons it teaches are universal. Everything in life is interconnected, and the obstacles that people face always impact other people. History has proven to be a great example of this, especially when it comes to fights for equality. Showing the progression of the lives of many different civilizations in relation to each other, can allow for anyone in the present to learn an incredible amount as to why people are the way they are. Unfortunately, interest in history has waned over the years. Therefore, very few people take advantage of the advantages of history. This ignorance is extremely ironic because the behaviors of teens and young adults, especially women on the east and west coasts, are immensely like that of those in the 1920s. Meanwhile, the mid-west reflects that of the 1950s. To think that two different eras are portrayed so accurately in today's society, simultaneously and with such ignorance to the fact, is nothing short of amazing. While one emulation is a chance to progress forward, the other may cause more problems than it would solve. This is especially true when one notes the liberties a woman had in the 1950s in comparison with the 1920s. One would think that the 1950s housewife had more freedom; however, the rebellious spirit of the 1920s flapper allowed them to be more active people. It goes to show that the longevity of the impacts of the feminist movements throughout history are based on not only on education of the subject but also the location in which they occurred. This cycle of going back and forth in the fight for womens' rights is something that ...
Many women of the Progressive Era were industrial workers and often endured deplorable working conditions. Briefly, in the progressive Era women entered the workforce, despite the opposition from men. However, there was a discrimination and gender tension. However, women played an essential role in the expanding industrial economy. As in the popular culture, though, the workplace (and later the Women's Union League) was plagued with gender assumptions. First, women were directed toward the 'female' work, e.g. the needle trades. Because of women's specific problems, women began to move into the union movement, as evidenced by the rise of the Women's Trade Union League (WTUL) (mostly female social workers) (1903) (uprising of 20,000 women). For
With the creation of the Women’s Trade Union League (WTUL) in 1903, attempts to create a cross-class alliance became possible, bringing together women workers and middle class “allies” and allowing for the participation of more members to fight for issues of women regarding their workplace. The WTUL achieved success with the 1909 strike caused by woman employees of the Triangle Shirtwaist Company in New York City protesting low wages, dangerous working conditions, and the refusal of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) to recognize their union, the International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union. “In support, an estimated twenty thousand garment workers, most of them teenage girls and many of them Jewish and Italian immigrants stayed out on strike through the winter” (564). This shows how women of all ages and ethnicities, despite the existence of nativism, began to become involved in the progressive movement. By the end of the strike in 1910, many of the demands of the strikers, including the recognition of their union, were fulfilled. Although some form of success was achieved, the strike did little to improve the working conditions of women overall. Women advocates were faced with reality with the fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist factory in 1911. “The terrified
Wars are often followed by change; World War I was no exception. World War I is sometimes credited with starting the feminine revolution. The young women of the 1920’s were considered new and rebellious. In appearance and attitude, the women of the day broke the mold society had created in the previous decades. When the war started, the Progressive Era women had to take over the jobs of men to fill the void the men left behind, and as a result, they learned to be independent.
women across the United States were limited to only being able to be housewives and not able to get the proper education to have the same type of jobs as men. Events like the Women’s Rights