During the post world war two era, the western world began receiving threats on a nuclear attack against Canada from the Soviet Union. The only defense that Canada held against this deadly attack was the CF-100, or the Canuck. That is until 1954 when the Avro aerospace industry built the CF-105, or the Avro Arrow, one of the most notorious inventions in Canadian history. The Avro Arrow was said to be 'way ahead of its time'. The technology used in the Avro Arrow was not cheap. It cost approximately 12.5 million dollars to construct each aircraft. So, in 1959, the government under the power of Prime Minister, John Diefenbaker, eliminated the Avro Arrow program. But, why was cancelling the Avro Arrow program the wrong decision? Cancelling the program was a huge mistake on the governments part. This was because it did not help the Canadian economy, but the American …show more content…
economy. Also, the cancellation of the program had very negative political effects for John Diefenbaker. Finally the 'could have beens' that awaited the CF-105. When the Avro Arrow program was cancelled on February 20th, 1959, Canadians were devestated.
Almost thirty thousand workers between the main construction line and outside suppliers were left unemployed. The sudden hult to the program came as a complete surprise to many, causing thousands to be unprepared to find more work. Thousands of men and women were left to fend for themselves, while few were offered jobs at NASA. Many of the unemployed began saying, "There is too much Americanism and not enough Canadianism!". This was because many people had their own conspiracies as to what really happened to the Avro Arrow. Conspiracies varied from Deifenbaker making deals with the American government concerning NORAD (North American Aerospace Defense Command), to Americans feeling a lack of dominance with their defense system, to Deifenbaker crumbling under political pressure. These rumors were made believable to Canadians because the United States had already once offered to buy the CF-105 blueprints, but were turned down. Although Diefenbaker was already fairly unpopular, these rumors surely did not
help. These rumors lead to major political controversy for John Diefenbaker. Diefenbaker's decision to cancel the Avro Arrow has carried on a negative legacy for himself. On February 20th, 1959, Diefenbaker stood in front of the House of Commons to announce the cancellation of the Arrow program. He said "The conclusion arrived at is that the development of the Arrow aircraft and Iroquois engine should be terminated now.". Later on in an interview he clearly stated "I was even reviled for having had the completed Arrow prototypes reduced to scrap when I had no knowledge whatsoever of this action.". This sent mixed signals to many Canadians. The day the CF-105 was cancelled is known as "Black Friday". On Black Friday, many of the employees felt betrayed by the government and even their own employer. Direct results of the feeling of betrayal were family break-ups and suicides. These were both blamed on John Diefenbaker. Many Canadians grew very angry with the government at this point. Many believed that without the Arrow, Canada was left defenseless. Their reasoning for this was that if Canada did not own the CF-105, it was likely that they would buy a cheaper, less efficient aircraft from the United States. These events left Canadians in a state of fury. Most of all, it was the potential of the Avro Arrow that left Canadians heartbroken.
The years since the Battle of Vimy Ridge may have passed quickly, but the legacy of the Canadians whose accomplishments were great in that pivotal First World War battle lives on. Many people claim to this day that Canada came of age as a country on those hard April days in 1917. At first, through the meticulous planning of the battle, the world saw a nation capable of working together and making decisions as a team. Afterwards, with the range of technical and tactical innovations involved in the attack, the world saw a strong nation unafraid to protect and defend. In the end, through great sacrifice the world bore witness to the birth of the Canadian legacy.
Operation Jawbreaker, one of the first post-9/11 covert operations carried out by the United States in support of its national security interests, had proved successful. Word of the operation’s swift success astounded those back in Washington.
The Avro Arrow was Canada’s broken dream and it could have been one of Canada’s greatest aeronautical achievements. The cancelation of the Avro Arrow was a huge mistake that set Canada’s aviation industry back, which resulted in a Brain Drain to USA and was an act of Canada bowing to USA pressure. The Avro Arrow, an advanced, supersonic, twin-engine, all-weather interceptor jet aircraft developed by A.V. Roe of Canada in 1949, could have been many things. It might have become the fastest plane in the world, our best defense against Soviet bombers, the catalyst to propel Canada to the forefront of the aviation industry. Instead, it became a $400-million pile of scrap metal, and the stuff of legends. If A.V. Roe Ltd. remained and the Arrow flew today, Canada’s aircraft industry would be a very different thing indeed.
In the study of Canadian military history the Avro Arrow has become a buzzword found on the lips of all technological, political and even airforce enthusiast. At the risk of seeming unoriginal in topic selection, this critique reviews the fascinating biography, Fall of an Arrow, by Murray Peden. Peden's historical biography accurately covers a variety of aspects of the A. V. Row Arrow, from specifics in military capability, to competing technological and political/economic significance. This critical evaluation of the mentioned secondary source sets out to evaluate the work as a historical source, focussing on evidence of bias, the apparent coherence of arguments and finally the effectiveness of Peden's underlying points.
Taubman, Philip. “Death of a Spy Satellite Program.” Public Administration: Concepts and Cases. Stillman, Richard Joseph. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2010. 361-369.
A century ago, Canada was under control by the British Empire. The battles we fought the treaties we signed and the disputes we solved all helped us gain independence from our mother country “Britain”. Canadians fought a long battle protecting others, and from these battles we gained our peaceful reputation and our independence from Britain. Canada became a nation on July, 1st 1867. Although we were an independent country, our affairs and treaties were all still signed by Britain. In the next years Canada would establish its own government, and lead its own affairs. Many important events led to Canada’s independence, one of the earliest signals that Canada wanted to establish autonomy was the Chanak affair of 1921. In addition the battle of Normandy, which occurred on June 6 1944, contributed to the autonomy of Canada. The Suez Canal Crisis, which took place in the year 1956, earned Canada a place in the media spotlight, displaying Canada as a peaceful country that deserves the right to be independent. One of the final steps that aided with Canada’s independence from Britain was the Canada Act of 1982. Independence from Britain steadily increased throughout the 20th century because of political decisions made in Canada.
some of the positive ways in which the war changed Canada but the most negative way in which
that the CIA were the masterminds behind the whole deal. They had the motive and power to do
Canada filled and changed the world with new technologies and new with its early inventions in 1914 to 1935. Firstly, Guglielmo Marconi invented the first radio. When he improved this invention, it changed the lives of many people in Canada and the world. (Newman, 177) People would use the radio when doing house work, to be more relaxed or to simply waste time. This is significant because Canadians thought it was very impressive. Soon the world started using it and it shows that Canada is advancing above every other country in the 20th century. Secondly, in October 1920, Dr. Frederick G. had a great idea to produce insulin to treat diabetes, and when he succeeded, he improved the living of Canadians through science and technology. When the insulin was first used in a fourteen-year old boy who obtained diabetes, the insulin worked to help his disease. When it worked, hundreds of diabetes came to Toronto to be treated after hearin...
The economic progress Canada made after the war lead to the growth of the country. New industries emerged from innovations of products like automobiles, radios, television, digital computers and electric typewriters (Aitken et al., 315). Canadians quickly adapted back to the “buy now, pay later” strategy rather than careful budgeting during the Great Depression (Liverant). Almost everything that Canadians did was influenced from new inventions; television was the most influential. Canadians conversations, humour, and lifestyle were influenced from television (Aitken et al., 315). Trade relations between the United States and Canada had become more efficient due to the St. Lawrence Seaway. The mass development of the St. Lawrence Seaway, in 1954, was to provide a large wate...
... The government had no choice but to cave in to John A. Tee’s orders to save their sacred air hockey table. This stopped the sacred air hockey tournaments forever because no person needed it.
Aldrich Ames was one of the most notorious spys in United States history, single handily crippling the United States spy network in the Soviet Union, and compromising hundreds of Intelligence Operations around the world. Ames’ impact on the national security of the United States was devastating and the ramifications of his actions can still be felt today in the Intelligence Community. This paper will provide details into the background and the events surrounding Ames’ espionage and subsequent arrest for treason.
knowledge of the CIA and who would later would be involved in the clash between the
War on the home front during WWI caused Canada to fall as a country because this deed towards many citizens affected them politically, socially and economically. The wartime elections act had a political impact on many Canadians. The great influenza ruined the Canadian society socially. Finally, propaganda and victory bonds that were used on the Canadian citizens caused the economy to fall. In conclusions, war on the home front was not a good result for most Canadian’s.