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6 types of bridges essay
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Bridges are an extremely important part of our lives. Many people use bridges as a part of their daily lives, to go to work, to school, their house, or even just to go to the grocery store. Over 120,000 vehicles and almost 7,000 people cross the Brooklyn Bridge daily. It’s important that these bridges we use are structurally sound and safe to travel on. Some of the main types of bridges that we use are arch bridges, beam bridges, truss bridges, and suspension bridges. Depending on the different needs of a certain bridge, the geography surrounding it, the weather, and it’s purpose, any of these designs can be used. In this paper I’m going to compare and contrast the different aspects of arch and suspension bridges. An arch bridge is a bridge shaped like an arch that has abutments at each end. Arch bridges are typically made out of materials like stone, reinforced concrete, steel, or brick. Brick and stone were more commonly used in the past when materials like …show more content…
The stone or brick at the very top of the arch is called the keystone, and its purpose is for its weight to push down and outward on the stones around it. It takes the pressure placed on it by the load and spreads it out towards the abutments, which keeps the entire structure very rigid and strong. Unlike suspension bridges, tension doesn’t really play a big part in the design of arch bridges. Because of how all of the weight is diverted to the abutments, this design heavily depends on compression, but not tension. The design of an arch bridge is fairly simple, which is why it’s been around for such a long time. People have been building arch bridges since Roman times. The only difficulty you might face when building an arch bridge is supporting the two separate sides before they meet. Each side isn’t able to stand on its own until they meet in the middle and can support one
“It was designed with a twenty-two foot roadway and one five-foot sidewalk” (Silver). The silver bridge is a very long bridge. “An eye-bar is a long steel plate having large circular ends with an "eye" or hole through which a pin is used to connect to other eyebars (to make a chain) or to other parts of the bridge.” according to Richard Fields. The whole bridge was built using the eye-bar suspension.
The area of where the bridge was to cross the Ohio River was said to be one of the hardest places to build but came with some advantages. The section of the river had a solid rock base for the supporting pier to be built on. Since the engineers knew they could build a pier that would not settle they decided on a continuous bridge design. This design type distributes the weight so the steel trusses could be smaller and riveted together. This alone saved an estimates twenty percent of steel that was originally thought to be need to make the bridge cutting down the cost. The two continuous trusses span a collective 1,550 feet across the water. With addition of the north and south approach viaducts, for trains to go under the bridge, the superstructure’s total length is 3,463 feet. The bridge was made to hold two sets of tracks making the width 38 feet and 9 inches. The design called for 27,000 cubic yards of concrete and 13,200 tons of steel with some members being four foot square beams that span a distance of seventy feet. The design was the first step in a long process that would take several years to
According to Suspension bridges: Concepts and various innovative techniques of structural evaluation, “During the past 200 years, suspension bridges have been at the forefront in all aspects of structural engineering” (“Suspension”). This statement shows that suspension bridges have been used for over 200 years, and that people are still using them today because they are structurally better bridges. This paper shows four arguments on the advantages of suspension bridges, and why you should use one when building a bridge. When deciding on building a suspension bridge, it has many advantages such as; its lightness, ability to span over a long distance, easy construction, cost effective, easy to maintain, less risk
Golden Gate Bridge held the title as one of the longest bridges for a reason. It has a total length of 2,737 meters with a width of 27 meters. It also has a clearance of 67 meters for ships to pass by. Besides its incredible dimension, its architecture also plays a tremendous role for its beauty. The bridge employs art deco style, a chevron or beveled shape, used to add visual effect. The concrete structures at the ends of the bridge have chevron form as well as the concrete at the base of the towers. There are two shafts in each tower, 90 feet apart decreasing in width as they go up. The two shafts are connected by cross bracing and having four horizontal struts above. The bridge’s art deco design and towers were designed by architect Irving F. Morrow.
The bridge, Prince Edward Viaduct located in Toronto, Ontario and the Roman bridge, Pont du Gard, located in Vers-Pnt-du-Gard, Gard, France, are both arch bridges that were both built using the development of an arch. The arches on Prince Edward Viaduct and Pont du Gard provide flexibility and assists the overall stability of the structure. Although, the Roman arch bridge was built in 1st c BCE, the arch structure have been improved and was used to built the Prince Edward Viaduct, that was opened in 1918.
Natural stone arches are geological formations that occur when rock is exposed to substantial amounts of erosion , which over time forces the rock into the shape of an arch. Stone arches are among the most diverse of rock formations, not only because of the large area where they are known to be found, but also their complex ways of forming. Although many factors contribute to making natural stone arches so enthralling, one key role keeps and hones our constant attention: each and every stone arch every formed will fall. Despite the things we do know about stone arches, they are continuously changing and teaching us new things about them as well as the world around us.
Today the Roman arch is one of the most innovative tools that we have borrowed and perfected from the Romans. “During construction, arches are often supported by a wooden frame. When the frame is removed, both sides of the arch press against the keystone and thereby support the arch.” The Greeks and Romans started using aqueducts, which is where we got the idea of pipelines to distribute water. Aqueducts were constructed by building large bridge like structure that sloped slightly towards the destination it was going to. We borrowed that idea and now use pipes that are pressurized and push the water towards where it is
• Roman arch - until this invention developers can only use wooden materials. Of course, these methods is very limited and restricted in accordance with the architecture. Roman arch is built as a semi-circle so that each brick rests on its neighbours and thus to stabilize the bow and lay off her other
In 1883 Brooklyn Bridge has opened and it was the longest suspension bridge at that time.It connects Manhattan and Brooklyn by spanning the East river. There is no entry fees for visiting Brooklyn bridge. You can take a bus or train to reach there.
The bridge was designed at a time when America was moving toward streamline products, this included the design of bridges. The Tacoma Narrows Bridge was a sleek, graceful looking suspension bridge. Suspension bridges consist of many cables anchored...
The reason I picked the design I did was because it seemed like a solid and traditional style of bridge. The bridge mirrored a Warren Truss bridge which is general, but efficient at distributing the weight across the bridge. I am relatively inexperienced at building, so the Warren Truss seemed like the best idea since it is both simple and effective.
An arch is a curved structure, supporting the building and strengthening it’s structure. Today arch is made of many materials, but at the time of invention, it was usually build out of concrete, stone or brick. When the arch is being build, it is surrounded by wooden scaffolding, supporting the structure. The last step in the construction is to place top center stone (keystone). After than, scaffolding is removed and both sides of the arch now press against keystone, supporting the arch.
Building materials for housings in Roman and post-Roman times. Ward-Perkins begins by comparing the tiles used for roofing to pottery and how they were made in a similar process and sold like pottery. He discussed how tiles used in Roman times were common like pottery, and after post Roman time, the building material began to change, “. Every one of the building crafts introduced by the Romans, the mundane as well as the luxury ones, disappeared completely during the fifth century. All new buildings in the fifth and sixth centuries, whether in Anglo-Saxon or unconquered British areas, were either roofed in wood or thatch” (Ward-Perkins, 108).
The Romans discovered many things that would aid the construction of their great civilization. The Romans discovered that a particular mixture of volcanic rock rubble and water could be used to create very strong structures; their concrete mixture could even be used in underwater applications. The Romans used concrete to make foundations for large buildings as well as bridges. They also used concrete as mortar to hold together the stones that made up roads, walls, and bridges. The Romans discovery of concrete allowed them to build very large structures that have survived many centuries.
Bridge efficiency is important as it helps reduce cost of building while maximizing the strength of the bridge. Many things can influence the bridge’s strength and weight, but the two main things that can cause a bridge to be a failure or success is the design of the bridge and construction of its joints. In order to build a potent balsa truss bridge, it is crucial to know how the layout of members and style of gluing can help increase or decrease strength.