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People act in different ways in times of crisis. Some people act and think more rationally than others, but most people share the common goal of getting to safety. The main contributors in why and how people respond to crisis are people’s levels of decision-making skills, distribution of information, and additional factors. Some people are calmer and more rational in emergency situations. As Kluger states, “People have different levels of decision-making skills, with some behaving more rationally than others.” (Kluger, 131). The less rational people may respond to the chaos of an emergency in an equally chaotic way, while the more rational people act in a calmer more collected way. Another thing that less rational people may do is just follow the group and go where everyone else is going instead of just stopping to think about the safest and most efficient way to escape the emergency situation. …show more content…
Another thing that could affect why and how people react to a crisis is that “Some information tends to get distributed unevenly, with some people learning about an emergency exit first and acting before the others.” (Kluger, 131). This uneven distribution of information can cause people to respond at different times and in different ways. For example, if someone did not know about an exit yet, they may spend time looking for one and therefore escape later then if the information about the exit
Drea Knufken’s thesis statement is that “As a society, we’ve acquired an immunity to crisis” (510-512). This means that humans in general, or citizens of the world, have become completely desensitized to disasters, we think of them as just another headline, without any understanding of their impact upon fellow
There were many different types of groups in Colonial America, not to mention sub groups as well as opposing groups. One of the opposing groups were those who were ready to break away from the mother country such as Thomas Paine or there were those who claimed like John Dickason that the colonies were not ready to cut off ties just yet. Although both groups had similar issues they both had different approaches on how to deal with them.
Crisis is an event that is unplanned, unwanted, and dangerous and leads to hard decision making. There are many different types of crisis such as economic crisis, mental health crisis, situational crisis, social crisis, adventitious crisis and many more. Every type of crisis affects people more than we think and know. There is always someone who loses and who gains during a crisis. People who lose are usually the ones who are affected the most such as losing a job, losing a family member or someone close to them, losing their homes and sometimes even their own lives. The people who gain are usually the rich people who prey on the poor and usually gain from making money and the poor’s lives miserable.
When a change like an emergency happens people panic because they don’t know how to respond. In “From Simplexity” the author, Jeffrey Kluger, talked about when people are hit with an emergency, like during September 11, 2001, they are struck with panic and are confused on what they should do. The text states, “The people who stayed behind in both towers on September 11, 2001-or waited too long before trying to leave-bore no responsibility for what happened to them that morning. They were, instead, twice victimized-once by the men who hijacked the planes and took so many lives; and once by the impossibly complex interplay of luck, guesswork, psychology, architecture, and more that is at play in any such mass movement of people. Fear plays a role, so does bravado, so does desperation” (Kluger 129). The people inside the twin tower panic because they don’t know what to do. They look to others for
In the midst of a crisis, many people rely on their human instincts to quickly respond to the situation. Society idolizes these types of hero’s, and, often times, awards them medals for their courageous deeds. George Clemenceau, a French statesman from World War 1, said “A man who waits to believe in action before acting is anything you like, but he is not a man of action… You must act as you breathe.” While Clemenceau applauds immediate action, he fails to recognize that many situations simply become worse because of immediate decisions. When crisis’s strike, one should not act quickly and instinctively, but should evaluate the situation and asses the right course of action.
Hazards pose risk to everyone. Our acceptance of the risks associated with hazards dictates where and how we live. As humans, we accept a certain amount of risk when choosing to live our daily lives. From time to time, a hazard becomes an emergent situation. Tornadoes in the Midwest, hurricanes along the Gulf Coast or earthquakes in California are all hazards that residents in those regions accept and live with. This paper will examine one hazard that caused a disaster requiring a response from emergency management personnel. Specifically, the hazard more closely examined here is an earthquake. With the recent twenty year anniversary covered by many media outlets, the January 17, 1994, Northridge, California earthquake to date is the most expensive earthquake in American history.
My research focuses on the complexity of mental models associated with leaders in a crisis situation. In order to grasp the thought process during a catastrophic event, it is essential to analyze a conceptual model as it applies to a leader’s cognitive abilities, which is composed of two facets noted as the descriptive and prescriptive mental models, (Combe & Carrington, 2015). The descriptive metal model focuses on the interpretation of external changes that occur in a crisis, (Combe & Carrington, 2015). The prescriptive model concentrates on cause and effect and future actions that provide clarity in the midst of ongoing changes, (Combe & Carrington, 2015). According to the authors, Combe & Carrington, (2015) longitudinal research perspective
A person’s thoughts and emotions have a major influence on the decision they make during an emergency. Two individuals who followed emotion and not thought, Alek Skarlatos and Laurie Ann Eldridge, found themselves in action before they even knew it. Impulsive emotions during an urgent situation are a driving force that cause an ordinary bystander to become a hero. (59)
Have you ever been in a situation where you had to choose survival over helping someone? Some people have been known to go to great lengths for survival. In Lord Of the Flies, the 9/11,and The Titanic. In those important things people had to choose life or helping someone. So in maybe in danger you all have to choose.
Like the men aboard the James Carid, some life or death situations cannot be avoided. But people tend to take “uncalculated” risks that put them in a possible life or death situation.For example, in the story “To Build a Fire” by Jack London, the guy knew the consequences but he still decided to go too the snow and
Humans are programmed as children to follow the leader, to wait for instructions and to stay in line. This teaching is wonderful for normal, everyday life but deadly when used in disaster situations where time is the enemy. Many people die in disasters simply because they were waiting to be rescued. There is also the false assumption that during evacuations people will move like water. Unfortunately, as Ripley puts it, “The problem with treating people like water is that water molecules do not experience pain or fear” (Ripley, 121).
Sometimes one phase of the emergency management tends to overlap of adjacent phase. The concept of “phases” has been used since the 1930’s to help describe, examine, and understand disasters and to help organize the practice of emergency management. In an article titled Reconsidering the Phases of Disaster, David Neal cites different examples of different researchers using five, six, seven, and up to eight phases long before the four phases became the standard. (Neal 1997) This acknowledges that critical activities frequently cover more than one phase, and the boundaries between phases are seldom precise. Most sources also emphasize that important interrelationships exist among all the ph...
Effective communication in its various forms is the substratum of crisis management. Internal and external communication is essential during times of crisis if a successful outcome is to prevail. In a crisis, people’s lives are often at risk, these are lives that can be lost or protected; however, their fate lies in the hands of information. A breakdown in communication during times of crisis will interfere in dispensing pertinent and time sensitive information to the target audience, thus placing them at a gross disadvantage in protecting their health. During a crisis, it can be extremely costly to falter in delivering accurate, detailed, and informative information.
Of the four phases of emergency management, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery, perhaps the place that individuals can make the biggest difference in their own state of resiliency and survival of a disaster is in the preparedness phase. Being prepared before a disaster strikes makes sense yet many people fail to take even simple, precautionary steps to reduce the consequences of destruction and mayhem produced by natural events such as earthquakes, volcanos and tornados (see Paton et al, 2001, Mileti and Peek, 2002; Tierney, 1993, Tierney et al, 2001).
The increase in unpredictable natural disaster events for a decade has led to the need for disaster preparedness as a central issue in disaster management. Disaster preparedness reduces the risk of loss of lives and injuries and increases a capacity for coping when a hazard occurs. Considering the value of the preparatory behavior, governments, local, national and international institutions and non-government organizations made some efforts in promoting disaster preparedness. However, although a number of resources have been expended in an effort to promote behavioural preparedness, a common finding in research on natural disasters is that people fail to take preparation for such disaster events (Paton, 2005; Shaw 2004; Spittal, et al, 2005; Tierney, 1993; Kenny, 2009; Kapucu, 2008; Coppola and Maloney, 2009). For example, the fact that nearly 91% of Americans live at a moderate to high risk of natural disasters, only 16% are prepared for a natural disaster (Ripley, 2006).