White Rage Sparknotes

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“White Rage” by Carol Anderson outlines the realities that occurred after the Civil War and explained the oppressive conditions that led to Black Internationalism analyzed in the book, “In the Cause of Freedom” by Makalani. These books connect how African descent immigrants and African Americans reacted to the racial hierarchy of the United States. Some of the important immigrants that contributed to Black Internationalism were Hurbert Henry Harrison, Cyril Valentine Briggs and Marcus Garvey. Black Internationalism opened new possibilities for black intellectuals to promote Black Internationalism through writings, organizations, and speeches. Although Harrison, Garvey, and Briggs had the same desire to end racial oppression worldwide, Briggs …show more content…

They knew that African Americans were not being treated fairly and wanted to end this oppression. “The economic, political, and legal vulnerability meant that no one…was safe.” This quote from “White Rage” shows how dangerous it was to be African American, where unborn babies were being lynched along with their mothers. This made many African Americans flee to the north in search of relief from the violence of the south, only to be confronted with oppression there too. “Harrison believed that black workers experienced both racial oppression and the highest levels of economic exploitation, but he lamented that the white left continued to ignore blacks.” From these beliefs of economic exploitation of blacks, Harrison joined the Socialist Party of America to try to end racial oppression in the United States. When he realized he was being ignored he turned to a more global look at racial oppression and formed the Radical Forum and the Liberty League. Forming those groups got him more followers and connections to Briggs and Garvey. They all had an Internationalist approach to ending racial oppression and convinced many African Americans to join their cause, which allowed them to gain more power in ending racial …show more content…

At first, Briggs tried to fuse the gap between him and Garvey realizing that it would be best if they worked together, but Garvey thought Briggs was a communist (despite him not being a communist yet) and shattered any hopes of the two working together by personally attacking Briggs. “….enmity between the ABB and UNIA turned personal. Garvey told a Harlem crowd that Briggs was a white man masquerading as a Negro and made disparaging remarks about his mother.” Briggs also spoke against Garvey and his Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) through open lectures and dedicated his last issues of his magazine to criticizing Garvey and the UNIA. This pitted Brigg’s African Blood Brotherhood for African Liberation and Redemption (ABB) against the UNIA dividing their resources and support against racial oppression. This was detrimental to ending racial inequality because they could not even stand together as a unit. “Even for Detroit’s liberal mayor, peace was based on black people quietly and gracefully accepting the fact that they had no right to their rights.” If a Liberal mayor from the north could not see black people as equal to white Americans, then the challenge to ending racial oppression was going to be too great for a incohesive group of organizations. Briggs’s and Garvey’s organizations lost their ability to create a strong force against an existing oppressive

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