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Concepts of chronic sorrow theory
Management of grief
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Is chronic sorrow a normal thing to live with? Is there a point where feeling sorrow is no longer healthy? Nurses in the field of health care are introduced to patients who experience ongoing sadness due to a loss. Nurses must be able to understand and work with patients who experience chronic sorrow. This paper researches chronic sorrow, and its’ connection to the field of nursing.
Nursing theorists started to study this theory of chronic sorrow back in 1980. A group of scientists joined together in an effort to study chronic sorrow and to build a framework that helped nurses to understand how patients react to chronic sorrow. In order to support parents of children with chronic conditions, or anyone with a chronic condition, one must recognize the unique challenges that each family goes through (MacLean, 2014).
Regarding Teel’s article on chronic sorrow, we create close relationships with others. These relationships when broken can cause us to feel a sense of extreme loss. In the case of a child that is born with a cognitive disability, the parent’s will feel a sense of great loss. Although the child is physically still there with them, there is a constant reminder of the loss of a healthy and fully cognitive child. Family members may eventually adjust to the new lifestyle associated with a child with a disability, there still may be episodes of sadness. Freud believes mourning is not a pathological reaction, and will resolve over time. Grief is a normal response to a situation that is bad or distressing. Physical reactions as well as emotional reactions will be present in a distressing situation. These physical reactions may include: a tight throat, difficulty breathing, weakness, a feeling of emptiness, and a feeling of si...
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...orrow. In the health care field nurses will come in contact with someone experiencing chronic loss, such as a parent whose child has a cognitive disability. Understanding what chronic loss is can help these nurses to provide the best overall care and support for the patient.
Works Cited
Gordon, J. (2009, January 1). An Evidence-Based Approach for Supporting Parents Experiencing Chronic Sorrow. Medscape Log In. Retrieved May 24, 2014, from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/707848_2
Gregory, J. W. Chronic Sorrow In Parents Of Children With Type 1 Diabetes. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 992-1000.
MacLean, M. (2014). Educating Nurses - Living With Chronic Sorrow. Living With Chronic Sorrow RSS. Retrieved May 24, 2014, from http://www.chronicsorrow.org/?page_id=96
Teel, C. S. Chronic sorrow: analysis of the concept. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 1311-1319.
Leo Buscaglia once said, “Too often we underestimate the power of a touch, a smile, a kind word, a listening ear, an honest compliment, or the smallest act of caring, all of which have the potential to turn a life around.” In the field of nursing, this concept could not be illustrated more profoundly. The trait of caring within nursing is arguably the most important trait that a nurse could possess. It can be defined in various ways, but to me, caring is the act of being moved or compelled to action by feelings of compassion, empathy, sympathy, anger, intention, sadness, fear, happiness, protection, enlightenment, or love in light of another human being. There are many aspects to the term “caring”. It is an ever-present shape shifter, swiftly
Purnell, M. J. (2006). Nursing as caring: A model for transforming practice. In A. M. Tomey & M. R. Alligood (Eds.), Nursing theorists and their work (pp. 406-427). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
During the process of growing up, we are taught to believe that life is relatively colorful and rich; however, if this view is right, how can we explain why literature illustrates the negative and painful feeling of life? Thus, sorrow is inescapable; as it increase one cannot hide it. From the moment we are born into the world, people suffer from different kinds of sorrow. Even though we believe there are so many happy things around us, these things are heartbreaking. The poems “Tips from My Father” by Carol Ann Davis, “Not Waving but Drowning” by Stevie Smith, and “The Fish” by Elizabeth Bishop convey the sorrow about growing up, about sorrowful pretending, and even about life itself.
...nate in their work and genuinely care for their patients, but to do this they must set professional and personal boundaries and be aware of the effect pain; trauma and death may have on their lives. According to Bush (2009), nurses must learn forgiveness and love themselves to prevent and overcome compassion fatigue. “Nurses should treat themselves with the empathy and compassion that they give others” (Bush, 2009, p. 27). Nurses should take time to nurture themselves by maintaining a healthy lifestyle and diet. They should also continue to participate in activities that they enjoy, get plenty of rest, and have a sense of self-awareness throughout their career. Additional resources are available to any caregiver to educate themselves on compassion fatigue at The Compassion Fatigue Awareness Project’s web site at http://www.compassionfatigue.org/index.html.
Normal grief is characterized by waves of intense sadness, but the bereaved person is still capable of warm feelings. Most people experiencing normal grief do not meet the criteria for MDD and they usually don’t seek professional treatment anyway. However, those who suffer from MDD require early diagnosis and treatment. A study found that time spent in depression is a risk factor for suicide attempts (Sokero, 2005). In a National Public Radio interview, Sidney Zisook is quoted as saying: “I’d rather make the mistake of calling someone depressed who may not be depressed, than missing the diagnosis of depression, not treating it, and having that person kill themselves.” Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of MDD is vital, regardless of what type of life event triggered the
Nurses are both blessed and cursed to be with patients from the very first moments of life until their final breath. With those last breaths, each patient leaves someone behind. How do nurses handle the loss and grief that comes along with patients dying? How do they help the families and loved ones of deceased patients? Each person, no matter their background, must grieve the death of a loved one, but there is no right way to grieve and no two people will have the same reaction to death. It is the duty of nurses to respect the wishes and grieving process of each and every culture; of each and every individual (Verosky, 2006). This paper will address J. William Worden’s four tasks of mourning as well as the nursing implications involved – both when taking care of patients’ families and when coping with the loss of patients themselves.
One of the most famous statements made by Buddha is, “life is suffering.” What this implies is that simply by living one will experience some type of suffering. The death of a loved one or bereavement is one way in which humans suffer in their life. The following will discuss the topic of bereavement. More specifically culturally sensitive bereavement focusing on the African American population. A comprehensive literature review with culturally relevant information, the Diagnostic and Statistical manual V changes regarding bereavement, potential issues and symptoms, and forms of treatment will be discussed.
In 2005 Fawcett stated “the metaparadigm of professional nursing incorporates four concepts: human beings, environment, health, and nursing” (as sited in Kearney, 2012, p. 4). This paper discusses my philosophy of nursing by stating my own personal definitions, values, and assumptions regarding each of the above mentioned concepts. My paper concludes with an exemplar from my own nursing practice and how I integrated my nursing philosophy into that particular clinical situation.
Experiencing a sudden death of a loved one is one of the most difficult life experiences to endure. Sudden death is a shock, which leads families to grief stricken numbness, sorrow and sadness. A person who loses someone significant in his or her life goes through a process called grief it is the psychological process while bereavement is the actual state of suffering the loss. When we suffer emotionally we experience pain, guilt and anger, emotions are the response of the bereaved. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate an understanding of bereavement as it pertains to living with a chronic health challenge and reflect this knowledge as it relates to my resource client living with chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD). Using a descriptive review of five articles will reinforce an understanding of the concept and delineate the theoretical components of bereavement. “Everyone who is bereaved experiences grief in their own way, but just as there are specific issues associated with bereavement of sudden death so there are specific issues for particular people” (Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2014). There is neither right nor wrong way for a bereaved survivor to grieve.
The characters in Alice Sebold’s The Lovely Bones are faced with the difficult task of overcoming the loss of Susie, their daughter and sister. Jack, Abigail, Buckley, and Lindsey each deal with the loss differently. However, it is Susie who has the most difficulty accepting the loss of her own life. Several psychologists separate the grieving process into two main categories: intuitive and instrumental grievers. Intuitive grievers communicate their emotional distress and “experience, express, and adapt to grief on a very affective level” (Doka, par. 27). Instrumental grievers focus their attention towards an activity, whether it is into work or into a hobby, usually relating to the loss (Doka par. 28). Although each character deals with their grief differently, there is one common denominator: the reaction of one affects all.
Marriner-Tomey, A., & Alligood, M. R. (2006). Nursing theorists and their work. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby/Elsevier.
Psychology is portrayed as a noble field where clinicians seek who help clients through the human suffering that they experience from psychiatric issues. There is controversy as to what constitutes human suffering to the extent that therapeutic and pharmacological interventions need to occur. The line between normal functioning or coping with the realities of life and psychiatric illness appears to blur further with every new addition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) from the American Psychiatric Association (APA). An example of this blurring is the proposed addition of Complicated Grief Disorder which has the potential to medicalize and dehumanize an adaptive process that occurs when one is bereft of a relationship. What is deemed abnormal by one generation, in one edition of the DSM can be totally revised in another edition. But what is abnormal and normal in our society at any given period?
"Coping Interventions for Parents of Children Newly Diagnosed with Cancer: An Evidence Review with Implications for Clinical Practice and Future Research.(Report)." - Pediatric Nursing. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Mar. 2014.
Lombardo, B., Eyre, C., (Jan 31, 2011) "Compassion Fatigue: A Nurse’s Primer" OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 16, No. 1, Manuscript 3.
“About 5 percent of children and adolescents suffer from depression” at any given point in time (AACAP, 2015). It is important for parents to be aware of the signs of depression, according to the DSM-5 if one or more signs constantly persist such as: sadness, decreased activities, low self-esteem, isolation, sensitivity, causing trouble at home or school, poor concentration just to name a few, the parent should seek professional help for the child. The good news about this illness is that depression is a treatable illness however, the key is early diagnosis and treatment for the child. Many individuals are not familiar with what depression is and how to identify its symptoms, Depression is a serious illness among American teens, in today’s society many children and adolescents are more fragile emotionally than teens 10 or 20 years ago. According to American Psychological Association “depression is more than just sadness. People with depression may experience a lack of interest and pleasure in daily activities, significant weight loss or gain, insomnia or excessive sleeping, lack of energy, inability to concentrate, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide” (APA,