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United States and trade policies
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The United States Trade and Development Agency The United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA), formed in 1961, is an Independent Federal Level Agency located in Rosslyn, Virginia. Its primary mission is to help companies create jobs through the export of U.S. goods and services. The agency does this by funding projects, creating partnerships, and laying the groundwork to help in the development of infrastructure and economic growth in other countries. USTDA now stretches to 66 countries, creating over 56 billion dollars in revenue and supporting approximately 300,000 U.S. jobs this past fiscal year. Through a lengthy evaluation process, the U.S. Trade and Development Agency assesses its funded projects based on two factors: (1) Priority …show more content…
dollars. Looking at past annual budgets, the USTDA’s has increased year to year due to an increase in revenue with only a few downfall years due to national economic issues. The annual budget is used to fund activities that cover various forms of technical assistance, investment analysis, training, orientation visits, and workshops in the areas surrounding trade and development. There are other federal governmental agencies that focus on similar issues such as, the United States Agency for International Development, which also focuses on building/developing foreign countries. However, USTDA differs by primarily focusing on projects that lead to an increase of revenue in United States export. Along with funding workshops, training, visits, etc., in other countries, the U.S. Trade and Development Agency also has programs known as, “Reverse Trade Missions” which allow foreign decision makers to come to the U.S. and observe design, operation, and manufacturing of United States trade and products. This allows other countries to use the U.S. as a model to take back to their own countries. It also gives the United States the opportunity to build relationships with large foreign trade partners/counties. USTDA also has a large evaluation team that looks over U.S. exports, along with independent …show more content…
The USTDA is not praised by the public as much as other agencies. Many people view their work as “unnecessary”. This was never directly stated, but some U.S. citizens feel the U.S. should stay out of other countries business. An example of this is the differing political views on U.S. soldiers in the Middle East. No one takes time to look at the facts and how much revenue this agency is bringing the U.S. This past year, the U.S. Trade and Development Agency has generated 85 United States dollars for every 1 dollar they put into these emerging projects; and anyone who finds that illegitimate, or inefficient, needs to be further informed about the Agency’s mission. It runs as effectively and efficiently as any governmental agency can, while running into conflict and corruption as previously stated. The USTDA attempts to respond to the needs of groups in the U.S. by targeting the countries they sponsor to make every American happy. Although there is always room for improvement, which is true in any situation, USTDA runs swiftly and sets up a gateway for civil foreign relations in outside
Leading up to the year 1981, America had fallen into a period of “stagflation”, a portmanteau for ‘stagnant economy’ and ‘high inflation’. Characterized by high taxes, high unemployment, high interest rates, and low national spirit, America needed to look to something other than Keynesian economics to pull itself out of this low. During the election of 1980, Ronald Reagan’s campaign focused on a new stream of economic policy. His objective was to turn the economy into “a healthy, vigorous, growing economy [which would provide] equal opportunities for all Americans, with no barriers born of bigotry or discrimination.” Reagan’s policy, later known as ‘Reaganomics’, entailed a four-point plan which cut taxes, reduced government spending, created anti-inflationary policy, and deregulated certain products. Though ‘Reaganomics’ was successful both at controlling “stagflation” and promoting economic growth, it has and always will be an extremely controversial topic regarding the redistribution of wealth.
September 11, 2001 was a day that Americans and the world for that matter will not soon forget. When two planes went into the twin towers of the World Trade Center and two others went into the Pentagon and a small town in Pennsylvania, the world was rocked. Everyone in the United States felt very vulnerable and unsafe from attacks that might follow. As a result, confidence in the CIA, FBI, and the airlines were shaken. People were scared to fly after what had happened.
The United States Agency of International Development (USAID) has published five strategic goals. Under these goals the USAID has formulated a total of thirteen objectives to give the strategy a more specific direction. In these
War is not a cheap man’s game. At the core of every nation sits an economy comprised of varying wealth and resources. A nation’s prosperity is dependent on its economic fortitude. In a constant state of fluctuation, economic prosperity is often fleeting, with a single event capable of causing economic turmoil for decades to come. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 acted as a catalyst for economic change in the United States. The attacks presented isolated economic desolation, but the growing concern for security and the war on terror provided the greatest economic impact for the United States and the world.
When we look at just a few of the specifics of our trade with the U.S., we find that:
"Economy & Trade." Office of the United States Trade Representative. Office of the United States Trade Representative, n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act was signed into law by President Obama on February 21, 2009. The law had three major goals which were all aimed at stimulating a sluggish US economy. The first goal was to create new jobs and save existing ones by tax credits for hiring new employees. The second goal was to spur economic activity and investment in long term growth by increasing the amount of business asset that could be acquired by companies while allowing for immediate deductions for the cost of the assets as well as numerous tax credits for individuals and businesses. The third goal was to foster unprecedented levels of accountability and transparency in government spending by requiring recipients of recovery act funds to post acknowledgements on the Recovery.gov website.
The United States has for over two centuries been involved in the growing world economy. While the U.S. post revolutionary war sought to protect itself from outside influences has since the great depression and world war two looked to break trade restrictions. The United States role in the global economy has grown throughout the 20th century and as a result of several historical events has adopted positions of both benefactor and dependent. The United States trade policy has over time shifted from isolationist protectionism to a commitment to establishing world-wide free trade. Free trade enterprise has developed and grown through organizations such as the WTO and NAFTA. The U.S. in order to obtain its free trade desires has implemented a number of policies that can be examined for both their benefits and flaws. Several trade policies exist as options to the United States, among these fair trade and free trade policies dominate the world economic market. In order to achieve economic growth the United States has a duty to maintain a global trade policy that benefits both domestic workers and industry. While free trade gives opportunities to large industries and wealthy corporate investors the American worker suffers job instability and lower wages. However fair trade policies that protect America’s workers do not help foster wide economic growth. The United States must then engage in economic trade policies that both protect the United States founding principles and secure for tomorrow greater economic stability.
Chuck Goodwin explains, “TSA, which stands for Transportation Security Administration, is an agency in the Department of Homeland Security and is responsible for screening all travelers and their luggage, as well as the screening of all air and rail transportation in the US.” Many travelers know of the them for their increased presence in all airports in the U.S and other major American airports worldwide. After the terrorist attack that took place in September 2001, President Bush and his advisors implemented The Patriot Act. Tracey DiLascio explains, “The Patriot Act is complex, but its major provisions act to improve coordination and communication between government intelligence agencies, removing unwieldy and unnecessary legal barriers between different federal offices and allowing vital investigations to proceed with greater ease and efficiency.” Their idea was to ensure that all intelligence agencies would communicate in a way that would keep America safe. “Steps to prevent events of the scale of those that took place at the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, began to fall into place almost immediately...The first outline of a proposal for what would eventually become the USA Patriot Act was drafted just days after the attacks.” (DiLascio) Due to past terrorist attacks, the TSA has implemented security measures in the airports they occupy. “Following September 11, 2001, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) was created to strengthen the security of the nation’s transportation systems and ensure the freedom of movement for people and commerce.” (TSA website) These measures include full body scanners and pat downs.
According to the article “Restoring American Competitiveness” by Gary P. Pisano and Willy C. Shih, the United States industries have worn down competition through the damages from outsourcing manufacturing. There are several issues that have caused serious problems to the U.S. economy, which have caused the decline of trade due to shortage of innovation and competition. Theses problems are lack of funding for research and development by government and businesses and poor financial decisions made by management for outsourcing. There are several recommendations that the government and business executives can do to rebuild U.S. industries.
(Irwin, 2017) The administration is focusing on trade equilibrium with individual countries. (Irwin, 2017) Focusing on outcomes is drifting countries away from negotiating with the US. (Irwin, 2017) The rest of world is moving on with trade agreements that do not include the US. (Irwin, 2017) Discrimination in foreign markets will harm US exporters. (Irwin, 2017)
According to the World Economic Forum, a group of the top 1,000 businesses in the world and a leading source of world economic data, as well as economic theory, the United States ranks twelfth out of one hundred forty-four nations in infrastructure with a score of 5.8 out of 7 (Global Competitiveness). This shows that while the United States may not have a perfect infrastructure system, it still does very well when compared with other countries. In the first sub category of transport infrastructure the United States performs even better, placing ninth in the world with a score of 5.8 out of 7. This success mostly stems from our airport infrastructure. The United States ranks ninth in Quality of air transport infrastructure, with a score of 6.1 out of 7. In the category of available airline seat kilometers or how many seats per distance traveled by aircraft, America rank first in the world. The United States performs decently in the quality of roads, earning Sixteenth in the world, fifteenth in railroad infrastructure, and twelfth in port infrastructure. However, in the second category of electricity and telephony infrastructure the United States ranks twenty sixth with a score, again, of 5.8 (Global Competitiveness). This ranking largely stems from the United States’s ranking one hundred
and engagements. My interest in International relations and engagements comes from my time working in the Civil Affairs field in the Marine Corps. While working as a Civil Affairs Marine I learned just how detrimental to internal defense international relations and engagements with the public can be. The assistance and support of foreign, and border countries can make or break significant cross border operations, both overt and clandestine type work. I also find it interesting how little emphasis many agencies put on working to better repour with average citizens that could offer valuable information and greatly assist in any type of long term programs or investigations. If I were to write a paper on this subject I would want to focus on learning about current and past international operations/programs that DHS has carried
Trade-facilitating agreements, including the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), have regionalized markets and had a significant impact on the way firms operate across the globe, putting increasing importance on firms to internationalise (Falbe & Welsh, 1998).
Trade diplomacy is now a part of the relationship that a country shares with another. After the establishment of WTO, 20 PTAs are formed on average on yearly basis. However one can notice the decline in regional cooperation, as cross-regional agreements are increasing in number. According to Heydon Ken (2010) over half of the world’s trade is through preferential trade ag...