Toxic masculinity in sports culture has created a restricted and harmful environment for LGBTQ+ athletes, contributing to homophobia, transphobia, and a lack of representation. However, increased visibility, representation, and support from athletes and activists are challenging these norms and promoting more inclusion and equity in sports. Toxic masculinity has been a common issue in sports culture, creating an environment that is often hostile and exclusionary towards LGBTQ+ individuals. Homophobia and transphobia are very common in the sports world, and many athletes fear coming out due to the potential consequences. Additionally, the lack of representation and visibility of LGBTQ+ individuals in sports perpetuates harmful stereotypes and …show more content…
Numerous studies have consistently demonstrated that lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals have been excluded, rejected, stereotyped, discriminated against, and treated violently in sports context” (Xiang et al. 2023). The. This highlights how sports are often viewed as a domain that reinforces hegemonic masculinity. It emphasizes the need for comprehensive efforts to create inclusive and safe sporting environments that challenge the existing power structures. Media representation plays an important role in shaping public opinions and attitudes towards LGBTQ+ individuals in sports. Positive and diverse representation of LGBTQ+ athletes in the media can contribute significantly to challenging harmful stereotypes and creating an environment of acceptance and inclusivity. By showcasing the successes, challenges, and experiences of LGBTQ+ athletes, the media can help create a more inclusive sports culture. By recognizing the impacts of toxic masculinity, striving for policy changes, and promoting positive media representation, we can create a more inclusive sports
Society has always had the idea that males should participate in masculine activities and females in feminine activities. These activities define the lifestyle that person would have. It was also believed that if a male was not involved in masculine activities, that male was not a man. Sports is a field that has been dominated by males in the past years, and more recently has had a lot of females take part in it. But does playing a sport define one’s masculinity? Michael Messner, the author of Boyhood, Organized Sports, and the Construction of Masculinities, discusses the effect sports has on upcoming young men of different races. The effect of being introduced to a sport at a young age allowed males of different races to gain a sense of masculinity,
...ennis, basketball, soccer, and martial arts—have come from the days of cheerleading and synchronized swimming when she was growing up in the ’70s.” Disparities in media coverage and over-sexualized female athletes on magazine covers is something that needs to come to an end because of its effects on both male and female viewers, young and old, athletes and non-athletes. Both female and male athletics influence young people and shape their personality and morals as they mature. Retired WNBA player, Lisa Leslie credits her participation in basketball with shaping her character, as well as her career. “Sports can also help teenagers during an awkward time in their development.” (“Women’s Athletics: A Battle For Respect”). The solution is to come together as a society and identify how to balance the respect for female and male athletes in the media.
One Generation Later, by Huffman, S. Tuggle, C. & Rosengard, D.S, explore the relevant discrepancies in media coverage. The authors assert that more boys than girls indulge in sports activities in school. Studies have examined the impact of Title IX on media coverage given to female athletes as opposed to male athletes to determine if there has been a shift away from negative social stereotypes that are traditionally associated with women’s sports participation toward a more socially accepting view of the female athlete. This has become a huge source of concern. Male students take active part in sports activities.
Unintentionally, a lot of us have been boxed into institutions that promote gender inequality. Even though this was more prominent decades ago, we still see how prevalent it is in today’s world. According to the authors of the book, Gender: Ideas, Interactions, Institutions, Lisa Wade and Myra Marx Ferree define gendered institutions as “the one in which gender is used as an organizing principle” (Wade and Ferree, 167). A great example of such a gendered institution is the sports industry. Specifically in this industry, we see how men and women are separated and often differently valued into social spaces or activities and in return often unequal consequences. This paper will discuss the stigma of sports, how gender is used to separate athletes, and also what we can learn from sports at Iowa State.
Power Structures of Men and Women in Sports. As an athlete or spectator, it is easy to both feel and see the impact sports have on people of both genders. Athletes are able to experience sports personally, while spectators usually experience sports through different channels of mass media. Realizing the effects that the world of athletics has on individuals and society as a whole is vital to the understanding of how sports can positively and negatively affect athletes as well as spectators.
After-school athletics is typically presented as a productive outlet for students to engage with one another and learn within a team environment. However, through an intersectional lens it should be taken into question whether playing sports is enjoyable or even possible without reaping the benefits of gender, heteronormative, and numerous other privileges. Reflecting on my own personal experience of playing high school basketball, I take a closer look as to how it was shaped by the many facets of intersectionality and privilege. In analyzing my experience, I will argue why sports is a constant force in reproducing gender binaries and oftentimes baneful to those who do not conform to heteronormativity.
Within todays sporting community, certain aspects of sport and its practices promote and construct ideas that sport in general is a male dominated. Sports media often provides an unequal representation of genders. Women athletes are regularly perceived as mediocre in comparison to their male equivalents (Lenskyj, 1998). Achievement in sport is generally established through displays of strength, speed and endurance, men usually set the standards in these areas, consequently woman rarely reach the level set by top male athletes. Due to this, the media significantly shows bias towards male sports while we are ill-informed about the achievements in the female sporting community. On the occasion that a female athlete does make some form of an appearance in the media, images and videos used will usually portray the female in sexually objectified ways (Daniels & Wartena, 2011). This depiction of female athletes can cause males to take focus solely on the sexual assets of the athlete in preference to to their sporting abilities (Daniels & Wartena, 2011). Sexualisation of sportswoman in the media is a prevalent issue in today’s society, it can cause physical, social and mental problems among women of all ages (Lenskyj, 1998).
Women’s participation in sport is at an all-time high and has almost become equal to men’s, however. Sports media does not fail to show this equality and skews the way we look at these athletes. Through the disciplines of sociology and gender studies, it can be seen that despite the many gains of women in sports since the enactment of Title IX, “traditional” notions of masculinity and femininity still dominate media coverage of males and females in sports, which is observed in Olympic programming and sports news broadcasts. Sociology is a growing discipline and is an important factor in the understanding of different parts of society. Sociology is “a social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that preserve and change them” (Faris and Form P1).
In the sports world, homosexual athletes are often forced to hide their sexual orientation and to keep it as a private matter. This is mainly due to the hegemonic masculinity associated with playing sports. Homosexuality is considered the direct opposite of this and therefore is not associated with sports. Also the way athletes talk to each other in the locker room makes it more difficult for gay athletes to come out. Guys jokingly call each other homophobic slurs or pump their chest by talking about women to express their masculinity. Female athletes, unlike their male counterparts, are considered to be more free to talk about their sexual orientation. But, there still exists the misconception that women who participate in sports are assumed to be gay. In college and professional men’s sports it is beginning to become more common for athletes to be more open to talking publically about their sexual orientation. This brings up the question as to whether or not things are changing in our society so that the acceptance of gay athletes will be more common. More acceptance by our overall society as a whole will lead to more gay athletes – both male and female – feeling free to step forward and be open about their sexual orientation.
The concept of hegemonic masculinity, as described by R. W. Connell, is becoming more applicable than ever, namely in the world of sport. This notion was developed nearly twenty-five years ago, yet remains highly influential in the social construction of gender roles. In current Western societies, there is an automatic assumption that women involved in sports are all lesbians, and men posses more masculine traits than one who is not involved in sports. This double standard emphasizes the inequalities within the athletic community. The emphasis on masculinity brings forth different consequences for men and women, where men are regarded as strong and powerful, while women are intrinsically seen as more masculine (Baks & Malecek,
Whether its baseball, basketball, soccer, hockey, or tennis, sports is seen all over the world as a representation of one’s pride for their city, country, and even continent. Sports is something that is valued world-wide which has the ability to bring communities together and create different meanings, beliefs and practices between individuals. Although many people may perceive sports to have a significant meaning within our lives, it can also have the ability to separate people through gender inequalities which can also be represented negatively throughout the media. This essay will attempt to prove how gender is constructed in the sports culture while focusing on female athletes and their acceptance in today’s society.
Racism occurs every day and everywhere. We cannot get away from it. In sports, Racism is happening more often and becoming a much bigger problem. Most agree that sports are a reflection of society. What this means is that sports often act as a small-scale version of society and thus, racial problems in sports have been, and continue to be, brushed away as nothing unique. It takes outrageous conduct for the reality of racism in sports to come to the forefront. When comparing a minority athlete to a non-minority athlete we can see they both are victims of discriminated because of their race. However, the type of discrimination is very different, and the effects are very different. To a lot of people, the sports world is a place in which none of the normal problems of the “real” world could possibly exist. Although, racism in sports has been an issue throughout the world. It has had an impact on our Athletes of all ages and race. In both their personal life and outside their personal
Cis women athletes who want to compete in a professional level are not going to be given a fair chance to succeed and to work up to the top when transgender women who biologically have the body of a male are competing against them. A born male who identifies as a woman and competes as a woman who does not take any hormones makes the situation even more unfair because this means the transgender women competing as a woman has the body structure of man, same level of testosterone of a man, and strength of a man. The reason why this situation is such dilemma is because high schools clearly states that women are to compete in the women’s sports and men are to compete in the men’s sport but as to how genders are defined remains unclear. The book Transgender Athletes in Competitive Sports by Eric Anderson goes into depth about people have started to identify as transgender, the sport policies placed for transgender athletes, some background, and it is a new concept on how some people identify themselves. Consequently, it makes it difficult to know where to place transgender people when it comes to sports.
Perception of one’s self begins early in life. For me, it began as being a little sister. My older sister was six when I was born and due to that age difference, was also a kind of parent to me. I knew I was to be the compliant, cute little sister and spent my younger years trying to live up to the little sister standard. It took years to develop what sisterhood really was into my self-concept.
If a girl has an experiment with her roommate in college, some people who say that that automatically makes her a lesbian, but that may not be what she identifies as. The same concept applies for males. For instance, many members of male sports teams have traditionally been pushed into partaking in hyper-masculine activities and behaviors, pushing the ideas of homosexuality to the category of taboo. However, as times continue to change, so do the behaviors and ideas towards homophobia. A soccer team of sixty men were interviewed to disclose their opi...