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Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Nursing
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Nursing
Contributions of florence nightingale to nursing profession
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Recommended: Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Nursing
Nursing Theory
Charlene Anderson, RN, BSN
NURS 5327
August 19, 2017
Nursing Theory
Introduction
The profession of nursing was structured and molded through the work and study of theorist. Theoretical framework has enhanced nursing practice and provided guidance for nurses to be successful in their practice. The hard work of theorist has remained prevalent in nursing for the promotion of good patient outcomes through data management, environmental changes, patient independence in healing, and addressing essential needs.
What is Theory
Theory is explained as a set of concepts, definitions, relationships, and assumptions that amplify a systematic view of a phenomenon. Theory is made up of one or more specific and concrete
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Nursing began as a role of devotion of compassion and healing of the ill. As time has evolved those key components remain prevalent in the process and additional measures were identified as vital in healthcare. Healthcare and theory will have a continued relationship as outcomes and current evidence based practice is dependent on theory. Concepts of nursing practice are used as a framework for continued research. Healthcare professionals and educators continue to emphasize the importance of theoretical work of theorist like Florence Nightingale and Dorothea Orem. Concepts and science are important factors in healthcare and without the two the profession would lack foundation and guidance. Many factors that are implemented in healthcare are theory based and essential to practice to include data collection, patient education, meeting of basic needs, and treating the environment as well as the patient and …show more content…
Florence Nightingale addressed environmental needs in healthcare and theory was developed as a result of her work and established methods of promoting healing. A Journal on Nightingale’s Environmental Theory by Hegge, 2013, documents how Nightingale altered the environment to promote healing. The article describes her methods of cleaning the floors, food service delivery changes, and enhancement of the walls and lighting. As in current healthcare similar interventions remain in place for improved outcomes. In today patient care settings housekeepers work to keep care areas clean, minimizing bacteria and germs that would potentially delay healing. At night the lights are deemed and during the day blinds and shade are opened to allow the patient to experience night and day. Healthcare is evolving and care delivery settings continue to change and in all settings theory on environment is
There are many definitions to theory. According to Akers (2009) “theories are tentative answers to the commonly asked questions about events and behavior” (Akers, (2009, p. 1). Theory is a set of interconnect statements that explain how two or more things are related in two casual fashions, based upon a confirmed hypotheses and established multiple times by disconnected groups of researchers.
The nursing profession is considered both an art and a science. An example of the science of nursing is the theory and evidence based practice guidelines (EBP), which influence a nurses practice. The art of nursing is fluid of bringing science and patient care into nursing practice. Nurses in all levels of nursing educational programs should study nursing theory. According to Eun-Ok (2015) theory evaluation has declined and it is essential to developing nursing knowledge; which, leads to the development of nursing discipline. Nursing theory should be continually evolving as current health care trends evolve. The best way to accomplish this is through incorporating theory in academia and nursing
Nursing theories developed by scientists provide a framework for the process of establishing nursing as a profession with a specific body of knowledge including nursing language, and nurse is able to communicate inside in and outside of the profession. Theory supports and defines nursing practice and is used in practice situation to provide solution to the problem, provides guidelines in patient’s quality care, and helps to resolve nursing challenges. The benefits of middle-range theories found primarily in the research studies to address particular client population, in education, patient
In the history of nursing we have come a long way and this is because of the nurses before us. They wanted to learn, lead, teach and make a difference in the care of patients. There are 4 main nurse theorists in the second part of our text book. I am going show how they are alike and different from one another. What makes each one of them unique and the differences they played in the development of each nursing philosophy.
Nursing Nursing is a profession within the health care field. Nursing mainly focuses on personal, family as well as community care in ensuring they maintain and recover their health (Aiken et al., 647). Nurses can be distinguished from other providers of health care by their training, practice, and the approach towards patient care. Nursing involves the diversity of practice with practice scopes and prescriber authority levels. Traditionally, nurses provided health care under the supervision of physicians, but currently nurses are being observed as care providers.
Aside from Florence Nightingale, there are other icons in the history of nursing. For example, some important individuals are Virginia Henderson, Dorothy Johnson, Martha Rogers, Abraham Maslow, and Sister Callista Roy. These icons believed that the goal of nursing is to help clients, reduce stress, to help identify their needs, prevent illness, and promote health (O’Neill, pg. 4, 2014). All of these principles play a major role in the nursing profession. Some other their frameworks or principles are involved with the fourteen fundamentals needs, 7 behavioral subsystem in an adaptation model, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, evidence-based practice, primary caring, advance practice nursing, cultural competence, holistic approach, primary prevention, secondary prevention and tertiary prevention (O’Neill, pg. 4, 2014). These changes has improved and reformed many aspect of
Applying theory into today’s nursing practice takes place when the nurse can understand and appreciate the theory's value (Health Compliance Passport, 2014). The nurse is educated and precise in their ability to apply the skills and knowledge into practice. The nurse’s ability to organize principles, evaluate the patient, develop a plan of care and implement the theory into the healing process (Health Compliance Passport, 2014). All theories are different, but very similar in their own way once broken down. The nurse must critically think and apply her knowledge base of nursing practice and nursing theory.
To make good nursing decisions, nurses require an internal roadmap with knowledge of nursing theories. Nursing theories, models, and frameworks play a significant role in nursing, and they are created to focus on meeting the client’s needs for nursing care. According to McEwen and Wills (2014), conceptual models and theories could create mechanisms, guide nurses to communicate better, and provide a “systematic means of collecting data to describe, explain, and predict” about nursing and its practice (p. 25). Most of the theories have some common concepts; others may differ from one theory to other. This paper will evaluate two nursing theorists’ main theories include Sister Callista Roy’s
Nursing theories are actions care that a nurse provides to a patient to prevent a sickness, maintain and promote health. Many of the theorists contribute to a frame work or a blueprint of how nurses should provide care to patients. Many these theories are part of nursing care and most of them they go hand in hand. Nursing theory aims to describe, predict and explain the phenomenon of nursing (Chinn and Jacobs1978).Nursing is apprehensive with laws and principles governing the life processes and functioning of sick or well human beings. Nursing theories are beneficial in understanding the knowledge of nursing and its application (Smith and Liehr, 2008).
Nursing theory is, “the principle that underpin practice and help to generate further nursing knowledge” (Colley, 2003, p. 33). Nursing theory is important in nursing practice. The two theorists that are relevant to my nursing practice are Florence Nightingale and Hildegard Peplau. Florence Nightingale theory was about the patient having a clean and healing environment (Smith & Park, 2015, p. 51). The theory that Hildegard Peplau created was the importance of nurse-patient relationships (Smith & Park, 2015, p. 68). Both of these theories put the patient’s safety and care first. When I am at work I try to form a healthy and healing relationship with all my patients. I also make sure the environment that they are in is conducive to healing, it is hard to do that sometime working in the emergency room. Sometimes it is the little things that a nurse can do for a patient that will make all the difference. Taking both of these theories into
The best way to look at nursing theories is like the foundational block. Nursing theories are important set the tone of how a nurse will practice. A nurse will use intuition, practice, past expertise and events, and couple with learned theories to work every day in order to give the best patient care. it is all the more important to appreciate what first advanced nursing beyond mechanisms of practice to becoming a knowledge-based force in healthcare: That force is nursing theory and the theoretical thinking and research that generate theory. The complexity and depth of nursing are reflected in its structure of knowledge, which includes discipline-specific components such as philosophies, theories, and research and practice methodologies”( Reed, 2006). Patient care is a wide topic, but a key role in a patient’s care is the patient themselves, an educated patient is vital to their well being and higher level of care.
There are many definitions to theory. According to Akers, “theories are tentative answers to the commonly asked questions about events and behavior.” Theory is a set of interconnected statements that explain how two or more things are related, based upon a confirmed hypotheses and established multiple times by disconnected groups of researchers.
Theory: A general statement about some parts of the world that fit together and how they work; an explanation of how two or more facts are related
Nursing theory can be applied to resolve nursing problems or issues, irrespective of the field of practice. A nursing theory benefits nurses and the patients that are in his or her charge. . Depending on the issue or problem that is needed to be solved determines what theory needs to be used. Nursing theory started with Florence Nightingale. She believed that a clean environment would promote better health. Virginia Henderson’s need theory emphasizes the need to ensure that the patient’s independence is being increased while in a health care facility. Ensuring that a patient can increase his or her independence allows for them to experience better outcomes upon discharge home. This is just two examples of nursing theories that were used
12.) Theory - is a system of ideas to explain how a certain situation or event might have came about.