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Some people wonder what would happen if events had occurred differently. In this case, what would happen if John Hinckley succeeded in assassinating Ronald Reagan or if Anita Hill’s accusation of sexual harassment had never been made? History would have changed for the worst and for the better, but would it have all been worth it? That is the million-dollar question.
In 1991, Anita Hill was thrust into the national spotlight by bringing the accusation of sexual harassment to the forefront. While Hill was working for the US Department of Education and the Equal Opportunity Commission, she accused the chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, known as the EEOC, and the nominee for the vacant chair on the US Supreme Court, Clarence Thomas, of sexual harassment ten years prior. Even though the Federal Bureau of Investigation, also known as the FBI, investigated the accusation, nothing conclusive ever came of it. During Thomas’ confirmation hearings for the Supreme Court seat, Anita Hill had spoken up about the harassment, which was leaked to the media, the Senate Judiciary Committee had no choice but to investigate these accusations. Even though Thomas’ nomination was eventually confirmed after the hearing was concluded, Anita Hill brought this sensitive issue to the forefront and gave other women the courage to speak up about harassment in the workplace.
Anita Hill gave women hope, but none of this would have happened if she had not have had the courage to speak up about the sexual harassment by Clarence Thomas. Even though the EEOC had defined sexual harassment as sexual discrimination ten years prior to the initial accusation, women were afraid to speak up about it. Sexual harassment was viewed as a victim’s probl...
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...t took national prowess to give them the courage to stand up for themselves.
Works Cited
CBSNews (2010, October 20). Anita Hill vs. Clarence Thomas: The Backstory. Retrieved April 27, 2014, from http://www.cbsnews.com/news/anita-hill-vs-clarence-thomas-the-backstory/
Geraldine Ferraro. (n.d.). Retrieved April 27, 2014, from http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/article/geraldine-ferraro
Graves, F. G., & Graff, E. J. (2014, April 7). Anita Hill’s legacy. Retrieved April 27, 2014, from http://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2014/04/07/anita-hill-legacy/4o7P6BqAh7MU0nAxYd5wqI/story.html
Greenberger, M. (2010, October 22). What Anita Hill did for America. Retrieved April 27, 2014, from http://www.cnn.com/2010/OPINION/10/21/greenberger.anita.hill/
Women’s History in the U.S. (n.d.). Retrieved April 27, 2014, from http://www.sewallbelmont.org/learn/womens-history-in-the-u-s/
This was a man who at the time was in the position of being elected associate justice of the Supreme Court. Anita Hill, who had worked for him as his personal assistant testified about these comments made by Clarence Thomas, "pornographic materials depicting individuals with large penises or large breasts involved in various sex acts. On several occasions Thomas told me graphically of his own sexual prowess (Smolowe)". This. Is. Not. Harmless. Garvis clearly did not take Hill 's words seriously and gave her own two cents about it, "Maybe he talked dirty to Anita Hill. Maybe He didn’t. Something obviously went on between the two of them that was sexually charged". What we are doing now is brushing off this man 's actions because a woman 's opinion is not valued enough because the attention was unwanted so there was no so called "sexual
DEBORAH SOLOMON, “Out of the Past, An Ur-Feminist Finds Stardom”, New York Times, Published May 3, 1998
As cited in Padavic and Reskin’s article Women and Men at Work, discrimination against women in the workplace was a serious issue. They suffered as a result of inferior titles, wages and respect. This “glass ceiling” made it extremely hard for woman to break into higher offices in government organizations, yet O’Conner remained persistent. She finally found a position as a deputy county attorney and began to thrive in the legal field; even landing a seat on the Arizona State Senate where she became the first woman to serve as the state’s Majority Leader. In 1979, she worked on Arizona’s Court of Appeals until she was ultimately appointed to the Supreme Court in 1981.
Women’s equality has made huge advancements in the United States in the past decade. One of the most influential persons to the movement has been a woman named Ruth Bader Ginsburg. Ruth faced gender discrimination many times throughout her career and worked hard to ensure that discrimination based on a person’s gender would be eliminated for future generations. Ginsburg not only worked to fight for women’s equality but fought for the rights of men, as well, in order to show that equality was a human right’s issue and not just a problem that women faced. Though she faced hardships and discrimination, Ruth never stopped working and thanks to her equality is a much closer reality than it was fifty years ago. When Ruth first started her journey in law, women were practically unheard of as lawyers; now three women sit on the bench of the highest court in the nation.
The article, “Why We Still Need Feminism”, written by Casey Cavanaugh (2014), describes how women are treated and why feminism is looked at in such a negative light. She focuses on how the feminism movement doesn’t only concentrate on women and what concerns them, she also talks about how the movement can positively impact all humans. Cavanaugh explains how the treatment of women can go on for generations and how many women are simply dealing with the ill-treatment (Cavanaugh, 2014). The writer gives a few examples of how women are treated and the different ways that it can be changed for the better.
Schiff, Karenna Gore. Lighting the Way: Nine Women Who Changed Modern America. New York: HYPERION, 2005. Print.
Zoe Leonard, an AID’s activist and founder of feminist collectives “Fierce Pussy”, is the original creator of the impactful poem “I Want A Dyke For President”. Through her piece, Leonard expresses her desire for a presidential candidate who has gone through the same struggles as the people he/she hopes to lead. Leonard not only expresses the need for a candidate who understands struggle, but she also is addressing the injustice that goes on in our country. Her overall goal she hoped to establish when writing this poem is to create awareness of the consistent stereotypical “leader” that always runs for office. Although the poem is recreated by an actor, Leonard’s tone in the poem directed to everyday citizens and voters is not necessarily
Gloria Steinem’s “Living the Revolution” commencement speech highlights the hardships and stereotypes placed on women and men of all ethnicities in general society of the 1970’s decade, and suggests a necessary change is needed in the way we view people in general. Steinem goes on to support her ideas with numerous pieces of evidence. Foremost, she calls attention to the past and present stereotypes and prejudices and suggests that these ideas are “imbedded so deeply in our thinking” that we don’t often realize they are there (5). Secondly, she points out our society’s lack of female and African American role models and that the traditional white male leader is outdated and overdue for an upgrade (12-16). Steinem also puts for...
Sandy Welsh, Jacquie Carr, Barbara MacQuarrie, Audrey Huntly “I’m Not Thinking of It as Sexual Harassment”: Understanding Harassment across Race and Citizenship. Gender and Society. 20.1 ( 2006): 87-107. Print.
Warren, Earl. "Supreme Court Decision- Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Et Al." Caselaw. Westlaw, 17 May 1954. Web. 7 Nov. 2010.
In “A distressing summer of workplace sexism reminds us how far we have to go” by Susanna Schrobsdorff, the author states, “according to a Pew Research survey released in August, most American men—56%— think sexism is over and done with. More than half believe that “the obstacles that once made it harder or women than men to get ahead are now largely gone. Of course, most women—63%—disagree” (Schrobsdorff 55). The misbelief that sexism still does not exist allows for the culture in which women continue to only be seen as sexual objects and not competent workers. Ehrenreich describes that, “[you should] watch out for Lon, who has a habit of following his female coworkers into service closets” (Ehrenreich 64). Ehrenreich is warned about a potential harassing employee and that it may happen to you, but most importantly, the behavior is normalized instead of trying to stop it. In “Not Just Fox” by Katha Pollitt, she explains that there is a misconception when it comes to being harassed and it is that, “being harassed is not a matter of weakness; it’s about the enormous power differential between worker and boss” (Pollitt 6). This is further supported by “ a 2015 Cosmopolitan survey, 71% of women said they did not file complaints about sexual harassment, likely because they feared appearing difficult or ‘too sensitive.’And they worry about retaliation and job security” (Schrobsdorff 55). Sometimes the person that is doing the harassing is the supervisor or the manager, when this occurs the victim is left with little options that will not disrupt the workplace. She also runs the possibility of being fired solely to avoid a sexual harassment complaint that she may file against him. Ehrenreich states that, “as a dietary aide, as I understand the job, is dependent on a cook as a waitress is[;] He or she
Overall, the information gathered by these interviews causes both hope and worry. The view of feminism is improving exponentially and gender roles are slowly becoming neutralized; however, the truth about the economic standing of minorities and women is anything but clear. There is still hope that with the changing views of the America people the reality of economic prosperity will truly be blind to color, gender, creed, and sexuality and the truly exceptional individuals will rise to the highest ranks. This will take time to occur; it takes time to turn a plain into a mountain or a dessert into a sea but it has happened and will happen again. It will take time and work but eventually a racist, sexist, classist, heterosexist society can become egalitarian society.
Allen, Anita. "Was I Entitled Or Should I Apologize? Affirmative Action Going Forward." Journal Of Ethics 15.3 (2011): 253-263. Academic Search Complete. Web. 4 May 2014.
Over the summer I had the pleasure of reading Off the Sidelines: Speak Up, Be Fearless, and Change Your World written by Senator Kirsten Gillibrand. Senator Gillibrand is not only a brilliant politician, but also an inspiration to all women in the fight for equality. She is a true feminist, in the belief that all people are equal man and women of any ethnicity deserve the right to equal pay and opportunity. Currently, a man earns more than a woman in a professional setting for doing the same job. To rectify unfair situations such as the wage gap and beyond, more women need to speak out and have their voices be heard. Senator Gillibrand’s book does a great job of motivating women to strive for greatness and never backdown to a challenge.
The typical reactions towards women who have experienced any type of sexual discrimination is victim shaming, which often causes women not to report their attacks, similar to the incidents of sexual harassment in the workplace, and thus, the companies may falsely believe that there is not a sexual harassment issue at their workplace. The physical and psychological effects of these incidents, such as the effects of rape, often leave employees unproductive in the workplace, however, others may generally attribute this to women being incompetent on the job, because of their belief of negative stereotypes of women’s abilities, thus, putting women’s jobs in even more jeopardy. This may make women even more susceptible to being sexually harassed, especially if they are living with post traumatic stress disorder from previous traumas, as they are more committed to securing their jobs, and are even more powerless during this fragile