Within the vast world of earth, there are many hazard events occurring, however a common misconception is that the magnitude of the hazard event directly links to the harmfulness of the event. The magnitude of a hazard is not the only factor affecting the harmfulness of a hazard event. There are a multitude of factors that all contribute to create harmful hazard events. Most of these factors fall under vulnerability.
Vulnerability is the characteristic and circumstances of a community, system or assets that make it susceptible to damaging effects. The most generic form of vulnerability is the risk equation, which states that hazards multiplied by vulnerability equals risk. However, vulnerability can be perceived from many different perspectives.
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The epicenter of the earthquake occurred about 25 kilometers west of a major city, Port au Prince. The depth was 13 kilometers below the surface. Additionally aftershocks occurred with magnitudes up to 5.9 and 9 kilometers below the surface. 1.5 million people were left homeless, several hospitals collapsed and several airports/ports were damaged. On September 17th 2015 the Chile earthquake occurred, with a magnitude of 8.3, the epicenter was about 285 kilometers north of the capital, Santiago. The depth was 22.4 kilometers below the surface. The earthquake was followed by several magnitude 6.0 aftershocks and one magnitude 7.0 aftershock. There were about 15 deaths, 6 missing and thousands affected. About 90,000 people lost electricity, and over 9,000 people had been left homeless by the …show more content…
The Chilean government issued constant earthquake drills, and dry runs. Evacuation routes were clearly marked up and down the coast. As a result, coastal areas were evacuated quickly and efficiently and the waves from the tsunami did not kill many people. In developing countries such as Haiti, earthquakes are very deadly, thousands of people are killed by collapsing buildings, bridges and dams. Chile previously mimicked these developing countries, however decades of prosperity has elevated construction standards. From experience Chile has learned to enforce strict building codes and regulations, some imitate those used in California. Because of this, Chile’s modern buildings do well during earthquakes, which explicitly diminished the amount of deaths and harm caused. This ultimately falls under the category of resilience and ability to
The Haitian government’s lack of preparedness for earthquakes despite the fact that earthquakes are common to the region is indicative of the governments inability and lack of resources to properly plan and protect it’s population against natural disasters. This lack of preparedness is not an isolated incident. Prior to the disaster, the World Bank and others were working with the Haitian government to incorporate disaster risk management into Haiti’s development strategy and to develop its capacity for disaster response. This capacity building was in its early stages of development when the earthquake hit, on January 12, 2010, and was mainly focused on hurricanes, which are the most common cause of natural disaster on the island (Margesson, 2010, p. 4).
On January 12, 2010, while vacationing in Santo Domingo, DR. Tragedy hit and my strong foundation no longer stood. An earthquake with a magnitude of 7.0 shook and uprooted homes, places of business and my sense of peace. After hearing news of the earthquake, I rush to Port-au-Prince to check on my family. I was reassured that my family was secured and had no life threatening injuries, but the same was not said to my grandparent’s neighbor. Their neighbor suffered from a head injury and deep laceratio...
The Chilean earthquake on 27 February 2010 occurred at 03:34:17 local time (UTC-3), with a magnitude of 8.5 Mw (United Nations, 2010). This earthquake occurred on the boundary of the Nazca and South American tectonic plates which are converging at a rate of 70 mm per year. The earthquake occurred as thrust-faulting on the interface between the two plates, with the Nazca plate moving down and landward below the South American plate (United Nations, 2010). The epicenter was located on the coast approximately 8 km west of the town of Curanipe and 115 km north-northeast of Chile’s second-largest city, Concepción (United Nations, 2010).
The harm that came from the earthquake was harsh and most everything was destroyed. Buildings collapse, people died, and landslides occurred, trapping everyone hopelessly in the zone where the
In 2010 a 7.0 earthquake devastated Haiti. The earthquake left hundreds of thousands of people stranded without homes. It considered being the country’s worst earthquake in 200 years. It had destroyed so many buildings, homes, and office buildings. Haiti has always been a target for hurricanes and disasters of the ocean. Haiti is still trying to recover from all the devastations. Due to the earthquake, many Haitians live in run down homes. Four years later, some areas look the same after the earthquake hit the country.
Beginning with Chile, it affected the cities of Valdivia, Puerto Montt, Rio Negro, Temuco, to name a few. It also affected the coast of California, New Zealand, Australia and Kamchatka. This affected the people of Chile plenty. It is believed that most of the loss of life were caused by the tsunami. The earthquake affected by speeding up Earth’s rotation. It shorted earth days by 1.26 millionths of a second. It also shifted Earth’s figure axis by about three inches. While all this happen in 1960, it was a cause of the 2010 earthquake that occur in Chile. This time it was a magnitude of 8.8 and like I mentioned, all this occur from the earthquake in 1960. However, the diving tectonic plate at the epicenter of the 8.8 magnitude, helped to temporarily redistribute mass on Earth. Unfortunately, as every Earthquake, there is damages. $550 million damage in southern Chile. Different sources have estimated the monetary cost ranged from US$400 million to 800 million (or 2.9 to 5.8 billion in 2011 dollars, adjusted for inflation). Furthermore, besides the dollar amount in damages that was mentioned in this paper, the tsunamis played a factor on the
An earthquake of magnitude 7.0 hit the island of Haiti on January 12, 2010, killing anywhere from 100,000 to 300,000 people, injuring another 300,000 others, and leaving over 1.5 million without homes (Fleddermann, 2012, p.116). The majority of the destruction and human toll occurred in Port au Prince, the capital city of Haiti, although the effects of the earthquake were spread throughout the island. Aside from the many people who died, were injured, or left homeless, those involved in this disaster are the Haitian government, the United Nations, civil engineers, the press, relief organizations, and the United States. Although initially perceived as simply a natural disaster, it becomes apparent through further research that the degree of loss experienced might have been lessened if certain procedures and codes were in place and followed to increase the safety and integrity of the buildings in Haiti.
The effects caused by earthquakes are devastating. They cause loss of human life and have effects on infrastructure and economy. Earthquakes can happen at any time anywhere. In January 12, 2010 an earthquake of a magnitude of 7.0 hit the nation of Haiti. An estimation of 316,000 people were killed, and more than 1.3 million Haitians were left homeless (Earthquake Information for 2010). Haiti was in a terrified chaos. After the earthquake, families were separated because many of the members were killed. Homes, schools, and hospitals were demolished. People lost their most valuable belongings. It will take time for the country to recover from this terrible disaster. The long damages are economic issues, health-state, and environmental issues that effect in the beautiful island of Haiti.
Factors such as lost or damage of lives, property, financial districts, and necessary needs are considered in which determines the hazards that pose the most threat to specific location.
BCC reports on the massive earthquake that occurred in Chile yesterday. It was an 8.3- magnitude earthquake that killed at least ten people. The earthquake hit the town of Coquimbo in Chile and causes tsunami waves of 15 feet to hit the coast of the city. The Chilean coast was put on a tsunami warning immediately following the earthquake but the warning was lifted at 6:22 am local time. Jane Chambers- a journalist who was 80 miles away from Coquimbo during this tragedy- recalls her house shaking for over three minutes while the earthquake struck. Luckily, her house and the houses around hers had been built to endure the force of an earthquake and did not fall, but many of the building in Coquimbo were destroyed.
Despite the trauma, people of Mexico developed perseverance in the face of the earthquake because of their reinforcements, aid, and hope. Results of the earthquake Casualties Due to the Earthquake which occurred in Mexican territory, many casualties had taken place. As shown in a CNN report, “More than 2,100 people have now been confirmed killed, and rescuers continue to dig through rubble in a frantic search for survivors.” This quote provides information in relation to the many deaths which occurred (2,100+ People Killed as Powerful Earthquake Hits Morocco., 2023). This quote provides the emotional reaction of the researchers and the many counts of death that took place.
Karen Horney was a very influential psychologist and is often thought of as neo-Freudian. (Introduction.) Many of her theories were influenced by Freud, but she took her own spin on his views. Instead of focusing on sexual development, Horney focused on social development. According to Horney, many of the fears and anxieties children have are ultimately caused by the parents. (Introduction.) Horney had a very unusual childhood, which may have been where many of the points stated above had started. She grew up with a father who she did not always get along with. (Karen Horney Movie.) Her father was very opposing to Horney studying medicine, but Horney had said, “she would rather be smart that pretty”. (Karen Horney Movie.) Due to her upbringing, her interest in cultural and social development impacted the humanistic school of psychology. The idea that parents dictate their children’s fear and anxieties is ultimately what created her theory on neurotic needs. (Karen Horney Movie.)
The epicenter of the earthquake struck roughly 45 kilometers to the west of Dalbandin, in the rural city of Balochistan. The earthquake was so strong, its depth was as much as 52 miles into the center of the Earth. This natural disaster was felt all over Pakistan, and into neighboring countries like India, Iran, and Afghanistan. While it was fortunate, and somewhat miraculous, that there were only two reported casualties, the number of injured was staggering.
Authorities have attempted to implement codes or regulations, but that has proved to be very difficult tasks becasue there are many variables that effect the dynamic response of buildings. One way to try to avoid disaster is to evaluate seismic risk is to look at a buildings hazards, exposure, vulnerability, and location. Hazards are, for example, landslides ad soil type. Exposure is a building's occupancy and function. Vulnerability is the expected performance of a building's system, and location is how often earthquakes occur in the area. (Lagorio)
Earthquakes belong to the class of most disastrous natural hazards. They result in unexpected and tremendous earth movements. These movements results from dissemination of an enormous amount of intense energy in form of seismic waves which are detected by use of seismograms. The impact of earthquakes leaves behind several landmarks including: destruction of property, extensive disruption of services like sewer and water lines, loss of life, and causes instability in both economic and social components of the affected nation (Webcache 2).