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Impacts of flooding on society
Causes and effects of flood
Effects of flooding essay
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Levees, dams, and urbanization can all protect people from the dangerous impacts of flooding, however, they can also increase the impacts that floods can have in such areas. Levees are used to protect property or to create usable land. Many cities are protected by levees such as New Orleans and St. Louis. However, because a levee is usually narrow it can restrict the volume of water within its channel, thus flooding can occur up-stream. For example, if it rains a lot up-stream from the levee the increased volume of water will be restricted when it flows into the narrow channel of the levee. This will cause the river to back-up into upstream areas. Therefore levees may protect against flooding within the area that it is belt, but it can increase …show more content…
The value of what I learned is that now I know the signs for floods, where flooding occurs, and where not to buy a house. Unlike the previous natural hazards we learned about, flood indicators are not as obvious. There is also a delay from when a flood occurs from when it rains. Thus, the signs for floods are often not seen or are experienced quite a bit before the actual flood occurs. For these reasons, it is sometimes hard for an untrained individual to know where not to buy a house and what the best mitigation measures are. This class has taught me about the risks and indicators for floods thus I am better able to asses the risk for flooding. I would like to learn more about the pros and cons of flood mitigation techniques. I want to know what technique (dam, levee, and etc.) are the most effective in flood mitigation. I can do this by doing research on the internet about the effectiveness of various techniques. Our text sated that dams are not built as regularly as in the past but I can even go deeper within the subject. My date responded positively to our discussion. She was interested in what I had to say about flood mitigation because her family lives in Washington and has experienced some minor flooding. We had no disagreements during our discussion. My date talked about how landscapes can adapt to the weather conditions that they are subjected to. In other words, wetter climates require more rain then desert climate to cause flooding because the wetter climates have adapted to flooding while the desert climates have not. She stated that where she lives in Washington has most likely adapted itself to flooding, because if the desert experiences the amount of rain her hometown experiences flooding would occur. Similar to how organisms adapt over millions of years to be better equipped to survive within their environment, landscapes also adapt to be better equipped to
Floods can be a very dangerous natural disaster because a flood has the power to move cars, buildings, and cause massive damage to life and property. Even the small floods that are only 30 centimetres or so can do massive damage to houses and if the
New Orleans is a city that is rich in culture as well as history. The city is in effect, an island – Lake Pontchartrain surrounds the city to the north, the Mississippi River to the west and south, and a bevy of lakes – including Lake Borne to the east. Surrounding the city is a series of levees to keep these bodies of water at bay. In addition to these levees, the only defense the city has is a series of canals and a very antiquated pumping system. However, the same levees that protect the city, makes it a death trap should a major hurricane make a direct hit to the metropolitan area. The risk of intense flooding brought forth by storm surges of 20+ feet would wipe the city out.
In New Orleans, officials dynamited a levee south of the city. Water washing across St. Bernard and Plaquemines parishes relieved pressure on New Orleans levees, maybe preventing flooding. But those parishes were ruined.
Rather than working with nature through multi-tiered flood control with spillways and reservoirs, levees disallowed the river to naturally flood, deteriorated the natural ecosystem, and ultimately weakened the city’s defenses against the hurricane (Kelman). Culture and society further interacted, as beliefs in man’s power over nature and racial discrimination promoted levee expansion and racial segregation, creating a city of racially differentiated risk (Spreyer 4). As a result, inundation mostly impacted the lower land neighborhoods that housed poor people of color. Society and nature interfaced in the application of levees that contained nature’s forces. Ultimately, nature won out: the hurricane overpowered the levees and breached the Industrial Canal, disproportionally flooding the mostly black, low-elevation neighborhoods of New Orleans (Campanella
Federal Emergency Management Agency’s article, “Benefit of Dams” (2012) analyzes how dams prevent flooding by releasing the excess water in controlled amounts through floodgates (¶ 3).
How is the Mississippi controlled ? How & why used ? Benefits Problems Levees Mounds of earth are built parallel to the river, along its banks. These contain the rising river in flood times and protect buildings along the valley on the flood plain behind. · Known & successful technology which follows nature (rivers deposit silt to build natural levees anyway) · Protect settlements ·
Mississippi was also managed in New Orleans to limit flooding. This was done through levies that were at first naturally built by the river’s mud flows during floods. Later the levies were built higher and higher to keep the flooding Mississippi into the New Orleans area. But the levies were often ineffective in managing, or led to, more flooding. Kelman explains this when they write “With the development in the Mississippi Valley ongoing and artificial banks confining more runoff inside the channel, the river set new high-water marks” (Pg 702).
The film “When the Levees Broke” of spike lee is a four part series covering the events that took place before and after the devastation of Katrina on New Orleans and its residents. In August 2005, New Orleans was struck by Hurricane Katrina. People were unprepared for the disaster. As the city was flooding, levees safeguard failed the city, which caused the city to go underwater. In the film, part 1 shows hurricane Katrina and it’s impact. The flooding, rescue efforts and people trying to survive the disaster. Part 2 shows the aftermath with people that were evacuated waiting for help to come to the city. It was a very slow response to help and everyone was just waiting. Part 3 shows how people started to recover. Many hoped to return to their
Some of the damage done by Hurricane Katrina could have potentially been avoided if protection systems were installed to the proper extents. In Louisiana, “some parts of the metro area continue to lack hurricane protection built to federal standards” (Webster). Had the greater Louisiana area been better protected, it is very likely that more people would have survived and the total cost of the storm been less. Even in areas where levees...
manmade levees, dikes, and other flood control measures, is a case in point. In a
Most of the destructions from the events of August 29th 2005, when Katrina Hit the City Of New Orleans, were not only caused by the storm itself; but also, by failure of the engineering of the levee system protecting the entire infrastructure of the city. The years of poor decision making and avoidance of the levee system led to one of the most catastrophic events in the history of the United States. Throughout our research, we have identified three key players in charge of the levee system design, construction and maintenance. These three organizations are the Unites States Corps of Engineers, the New Orleans Levee District and the Louisiana Department of Transportation. The consequences of the hurricane showed the organizations negligence in the design, construction and maintenance of the protective walls. Later independent sresearch showed that more than 50 levees and food walls failed during the passage of the hurricane. This failure caused the flooding of most of New Orleans and all of ST. Bernard Parish. The Unites States Corps of Engineers had been in charge of the of the levee system and flood walls construction since the 1936 flood act. According to the law, the Louisiana Department of Transportation is in charge to inspect the overall design and engineering practices implemented in the construction of the system. Once the levee systems were finished, they were handed over to the New Orleans Levee District for regular maintenance and periodically inspections. The uncoordinated actions of these three agencies resulted in the complete failure of a system that was supposed to protect the people of New Orleans. The evidence is clear that this catastrophic event did not happened by chance. The uncoordinated response of these...
By August 28, evacuations were underway across the region. That day, the National Weather Service predicted that after the storm hit, “most of the [Gulf Coast] area will be uninhabitable for weeks…perhaps longer.” New Orleans was at particular risk. Though about half the city actually lies above sea level, its average elevation is about six feet below sea level–and it is completely surrounded by water. Over the course of the 20th century, the Army Corps of Engineers had built a system of levees and seawalls to keep the city from flooding. The levees along the Mississippi River were strong and sturdy, but the ones built to hold back Lake Pontchartrain, Lake Borgne and the waterlogged swamps and marshes to the city’s east and west were much less reliable. Even before the storm, officials worried that those levees, jerry-built atop sandy, porous, erodible soil, might not withstand a massive storm surge. Neighborhoods that sat below sea level, many of which housed the city’s poorest and most vulnerable people, were at great risk of
As my family and I were enjoying watching our family-friends continue to win in the Little League World Series, we were hearing news of a possible historical storm preparing to hit the gulf coast. The Ewa Beach team, with my Uncle Clint as a coach and his son Ty, continued to win and the Louisiana team stuck around. Even though they were out of the tournament, it was decided that it was not safe for them to go back yet. Ewa Beach went back to Hawaii as World Champions, while Louisiana eventually boarded the flight home unsure of what they would see. Damages and Description:
Formerly, New Orleans and surrounding areas had eluded the calamity of the storm, which was later proven wrong. A flood warning was announced after it was predicted that the river would ‘’rise 60ft,’’ which would overflow a levee. A few of the barriers surrounding the city ‘’broke or were washed away’’ within one day of landfall, flooding the ‘’Sinking City’’. The
There are several well-known flooding that have affected Memphis, Tennessee such as the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, the 2011 Mississippi River flood, and storms that caused street flooding’s like the ones in 2008 or 2010. The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 was caused by extremely heavy rain which swelled the Mississippi river to its water carrying capacity. People tried to prevent the flood in Memphis by fabricating and fortifying levees to expel water from the land; although, river water began to seep through the sand bags, which were meant to keep water out. The Memphis Fire Department trucks had appeared at the breaches and pumped water back over the sand bags. Despite valiant efforts, the river overran the levees and caused massive amounts of damages and deaths, which would affect hundreds of people. Once again, substantial rainfall was the catalyst to several flooding’s in Tennessee, including the 2011 Mississippi River flooding. This flood reached over forty-eight...