Literature review Western versus non-western cultural perspective on disability Disability thought in the most basic terms is the lack of competence, an aspect that prohibits an individuals’ normal capability to do particular activities. The term disability expresses the limitations that result from a dysfunction in the body or mind of an individual, disability majorly focuses on the physical aspects for example blindness, chronic incapacitating illness, being lame and mental deficiency (Angers & Haffly, 1973). History has it that different cultures exhibited various unjust acts towards the disabled, until now that some societies are enlightened and hence the need to understand that people with disability are equally as other people in the …show more content…
Much care is given to these people, the need for care giving and attention given to people with disability has then brought about the need for social classification to acquire help from disability programs. Though legislation is being put up, people with disability for long have been denied opportunities in the labor opportunities as they are seen as not productive. In most societies, the disabled are excluded from social relationships like marriage (Hayward& Schmidt-Davis, 2003a). While many governments in the western societies have proved supportive to persons with disability, in non-western cultures, the non-government organizations, community organizations are the leading supporters of the rehabilitation programs of people with …show more content…
J., & Schmidt-Davis, H. (2003a). Longitudinal study of the vocational rehabilitation services program. final report 1: How consumer characteristics affect access to, receipt of, and outcomes of VR services. Retrieved on September 15, 2006, from http://www.ed.gov/policy/speced/leg/rehab/eval-studies.html Gajar, A.H. (1983). The relevance of problems encountered in attitudinal research: a personal perspective. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 16, 586-587. Ingstad, B. (1990). The disabled person in the community: social and cultural aspects. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 13,187-194. Angers, W.P., & Haffly, J.E. (1973). Vocational rehabilitation counseling of the epileptic. Psychologia: An International Journal of Psychology in the Orient, 16(4), 201–208 Cardoso, E.S., Blalock, K., Allen, C.A., Chan, F., & Rubin, S.E. (2004). Life skills and subjective well-being of people with disabilities: A canonical correlation analysis. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research,27(4), 331–334. Renker, K. (1982) World statistics on disabled persons. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research
Comprehensive solutions or political satisfication? Disability and the Society of the People. 11, 3. Gilmore, D. & Butterworth, J. 9 (2001). Research in Practice: Vocational Rehabilitation Outcomes and General Economic Trends, 2.
Radley, M. (2009). Understanding the social exclusion and stalled welfare of citizens with learning disabilities. Disability and Society, 23(4): 489-501.
An important example of the dominant views of disability was the work conducted by the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH) the WHO combined their deification of disease with one that considered disability, impairment and handicap together. These terms were defined by the WHO in the following way:
The two essays “On Being a Cripple” by Nancy Mairs and “A Plague of Tics” by David Sedaris are excellent pieces of work that share many similarities. This paper would reflect on these similarities particularly in terms of the author, message and the targeted audience. On an everyday basis, people view those with disabilities in a different light and make them conscious at every step. This may be done without a conscious realisation but then it is probably human nature to observe and notice things that deviate from the normal in a society. In a way people are conditioned to look negatively at those individuals who are different in the conventional
Like many agencies, state rehabilitation agencies experience a number of shortages of qualified rehabilitation counselors. Lustig and Strauser (2009) indicates that a national study of the state-federal VR agencies reported a 13% turnover rate and 41% of rehabilitation counselors indicated that they would leave their position within the next 5 years . They go on to say that approximately 42% of rehabilitation counseling graduates enter employment w...
"Disability the facts." New Internationalist Nov. 2013: 20+. Advanced Placement Government and Social Studies Collection. Web. 27 May 2014.
This publication was printed with the generous support of the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research
This essay has served to give a brief understanding of the theories and practices of the medical and social models of disabilities, and how they affect people with disabilities. It is an important issue to consider as there are still many things in the world the disable people and we still have steps to make society inclusive.
Routledge: New York : New York, 2001. Shakespeare, T (2013) “The Social Model of Disability” in The Disability Studies Reader Ed Davis, L D. Routledge: New York.
Disability is defined as a long term condition that restricts an individual’s daily activities (Government of Western Australia Department of Communities, n.d.). A disability can be identified in numerous types which are physical, sensory neurological and psychiatric. Due to the assistance with appropriate aids and services, the restrictions experienced by individuals with a disability may be overcome. However, the ways society perceives disability may have a significant impact on individuals living with it and also families around them. Therefore, the aim of this essay is to reflect on the social construction of disability through examining the social model of disability and how it may impact on the lives of people living with disability.
The most interesting topic discussed in chapter seven is the sections concerning the medical and social models of disability. I find the difference of the focus of the two models very interesting because one leads to a very different perspective of disability than the other. I find myself aligning more with the thought that both models have to exist in order for the full understanding of disability to come into view. In other words, I do not completely agree nor disagree with either model. To explain, as the medical model is based off of the ideology of normality, which suggests that being in a normal state of good health is the standard for which to base off any deviance or sickness, a definition of normal is required. A definition of good
The World Health Organisation, WHO, (1980) defines disability in the medical model as a physical or mental impairment that restricts participation in an activity that a ‘normal’ human being would partake, due to a lack of ability to perform the task . Michigan Disability Rights Coalition (n.d.) states that the medical model emphasizes that there is a problem regarding the abilities of the individual. They argue that the condition of the disabled persons is solely ‘medical’ and as a result the focus is to cure and provide treatment to disabled people (Michigan Disability Rights Coalition, 2014). In the medical model, issues of disability are dealt with according to defined government structures and policies and are seen as a separate issue from ordinary communal concerns (Emmet, 2005: 69). According to Enabling Teachers and Trainers to Improve the Accessibility of Adult Education (2008) people with disabilities largely disa...
“A History of Disability: From 1050 to the Present Day.” English Heritage. n.p., n.d. Web. 4
People with disabilities often face societal barriers and disability evokes negative perceptions and discrimination in society. As a result of the stigma associated with disability, persons with disabilities are generally excluded from education, employment, and community life, which deprives them of opportunities essential to their social development, health and well-being (Stefan). It is such barriers and discrimination that actually set people apart from society, in many cases making them a burden to the community. The ideas and concepts of equality and full participation for persons with disabilities have been developed very far on paper, but not in reality (Wallace). The government can make numerous laws against discrimination, but this does not change the way that people with disabilities are judged in society.
Disability: Any person who has a mental or physical deterioration that initially limits one or more major everyday life activities. Millions of people all over the world, are faced with discrimination, the con of being unprotected by the law, and are not able to participate in the human rights everyone is meant to have. For hundreds of years, humans with disabilities are constantly referred to as different, retarded, or weird. They have been stripped of their basic human rights; born free and are equal in dignity and rights, have the right to life, shall not be a victim of torture or cruelty, right to own property, free in opinion and expression, freedom of taking part in government, right in general education, and right of employment opportunities. Once the 20th century