Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Wilson's fourteen points and the Treaty of versailles
Impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany
Impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Harsh Terms of Germany by Paris Peace Talks and
The Unfairness of the Treaty of Versailles
The Paris Peace Conference of 1919 was majorly unfair and unjust. From having 32 nations attending, only to have the 'Big Three' (France, Britain and the United States) dominate the conference, to not allowing Germany nor defeated nations to attend, the conference was focused on punishment justice with failure of negotiators during the make of the treaty. The harsh terms that were placed on Germany by the Paris peace talks were both unjust and unfair. Focusing mainly on the points of Germany's territory and military losses, Wilson's Fourteen Points, the war guilt clause and reparations, it can be seen how the severity of these circumstances were decided
…show more content…
Germany never wanted a world scale war. Austria- Hungary had problems in the Balkans. But the Dual Alliance (1879) between Germany and Austria- Hungary gave Austria-Hungary confidence that they can attain security through Germany's protection if Russia were to intervene. Germany saw that this conflict with the Balkans could cause a war, so as best as it could, tried only to restrain Austria-Hungary from waging a war. However, the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, Austria-Hungary's next heir, by a Bosnian Serb, fueled a strong response declaring war on the Serbian Empire. Both risked the spectacle of a large scale war because they thought that they had a good shot at winning knowing that they were backed by strong world powers; Germany and Russia. After Austria-Hungary declared war, on the following day, Russia declared war in defense of Serbia and its mobilization gave Germany little choice. Germany had to declare war on Russia which in turn involved France (by the Triple Entente of 1907) and then involved Britain when Germany invaded Belgium to attack France. Even though Germany might have been responsible for the entanglement of other major powers, the blame of the outbreak of the First World War was as much Germany's as it was for many other major nations …show more content…
Many of his points were thought to be unpractical, especially by France and Britain, and went unrealized due to Wilson's lack of real understanding of European issues. France was adamant on the idea of reducing Germany to a minor European state, while Britain sought after Germany's colonies. In the end, Germany felt cheated and betrayed because it thought that the signing of the cease fire was an acceptance of Wilson's Fourteen Points. Instead they were not invited to the Paris Peace Conference and given the treatment of a defeated
Wilson's 14 Points vs. the Treaty of Versailles. When the peace processes were to start after the end of World War One, there were four people who were major components in the treaty of Paris: Clemenceau, George, Orlando, and Wilson. Clemenceau wanted revenge on the Germans by punishing them through the treaties because he believed that they were at fault for the war; George was in agreement with Clemenceau although he did not feel that Germany should suffer severe punishment; Orlando who wanted the irredenta to be re-established; and President Wilson of the United States of America wanted to create a mild peace with Germany in a fair way. In view of this, Wilson created fourteen points that he wanted accomplished in full as a result of the peace treaties. His fourteen points were his plan for a world peace and included plans for the end of secret treaties, freedom of the seas, free trade, arms reduction, the just settlement of colonial claims, the establishment of a League of Nations, and the evacuation of occupied territories and national self-determination.
In June 1914, Archduke Ferinard of Austria-Hungary and his wife Sophie were assassinated in the small state of Serbia. Throughout June and July of 1914 tensions in Europe rose. When Austria-Hungary threatened Serbia, Russia promised to help the small country. A chain of events then involved each of the major European powers in the worsening situation. On August 1st, the French army was mobilized, and on August 3rd, the German army invaded Belgium. This attack brought in the British, who had promised to defend Belgium. World War One had begun.
He felt that several forces of opposing countries took part in fighting each battle and ultimately believed that global opposition caused the Great War. Similarly, in the Balkan Region, several ethnic minorities desired independence from Austria-Hungary. As shown in Document 3, the Austro-Hungarian government demanded that action be taken regarding propaganda against Austria-Hungary. This ultimatum was a result of the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, who was killed by a Serbian nationalist. Russia, a large Slavic nation, has close ties with Serbia.
Many had the opinion that the Treaty of Versailles was too harsh and unfair on Germany because as well as collective security there should is an aspect of collective responsibility. The treaty of Versailles was meant to rebuild European trade and wealth, these hopes. where destroyed because Germany could not afford to pay the reparations. The sand is a sand. The reparations Germany were forced to pay caused major problems and led Germany into a spiral of economic disaster.
The first and possibly most important cause of World War I may have been the allying of the countries involved in the war and the posturing for action which they participated in. Although many treaties were signed and many alliances made previously, the start of the time line of WWI may be traced to the Dual Alliance signed by Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1879, to which Italy joined in 1882 forming the Triple Alliance. It was an agreement that was one of military protection, stating that if a...
This feeling spread widely throughout Europe during the 19th and 10th centuries and caused many problems. The Slavic people of Bosnia and Herzegovina wanted to break away from Austria-Hungary and unify with other Slavic nations. Russia as a Slavic nation backed up the two countries in this matter, therefore causing tensions between Austria-Hungary and itself. Nationalism was also a source of anger between France and Germany as France resented its defeat in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871). Alliances between European nations can also be considered an underlying cause of World War I. As a result of the Triple Alliance consisting of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, the Triple Entente (understanding) was formed between France, Britain, and Russia.
The factors that led to the outbreak of the First World War have been argued over for many years and it is still something that does not have a definitive answer. Many historians argue over who is responsible through long and short term factors. It is true to say that Germany and Austria were responsible but there were other factors such as the alliance system.
In the July Crisis Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia for the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire) despite not having conclusive proof. Austria-Hungary asked for German support to "eliminate Serbia as a power factor in the Balkans". Germany agreed, offering her full support for Austria- Hungary to start a war with Serbia, and this became known as the "blank cheque". Austria-Hungary and Germany could not have failed to realise the possibility of Russian intervention and a European war, suggesting to me that war was their objective. Austria-Hungary issued an impossible ultimatum to Serbia, which was likely to provoke a war. Serbia was given only 48 hours to reply, so was forced to think quickly, or other countries would be mobilized and ready to attack. Serbia accepted all but one point of the ultimatum. Consequently war was announced. If given more time Serbia could have discussed the issue further in a conference. The British foreign minister, Grey suggested a conference, but this was rejected by Germany and Austria-Hungary, suggesting that they had deliberate aims for war during the Balkan Crisis, rather than the Balkan Crisis being mismanaged.
The Treaty of Versailles was a violation of Wilson’s ideals. The Treaty is one of the most important agreements (or disagreements) that shaped 20th century Europe socially and physically. Woodrow Wilson on January 22, 1917 in an address to the United States Senate called for a peace without victors, but the Treaty signed by the participating nations was everything but that. The blame for the war was placed on Germany and justified the reparations that were outlined by the treaty for the war. The terms of the treaty were very harsh to the Germans and they took on great resentment. It was a fragile peace agreement that would be used as fuel to keep hostilities going 20 years later.
... the actual Fourteen Points as proposed. Prior to reading the points, he made mention of that there were “no confusion between the Allied powers, no uncertainty of principle and no vagueness of detail”. He further stated that “only failure to make definite statement of the objects of the war lies with Germany and her allies”. Wilson’s “Fourteen Points” yielded minimal success as it regards to post World War peace and many of the points failed because they were severely deficient in detail and succinct. The last point that spoke about the “League of Nations” was accepted. In addition the points were based exclusively on US ideals without any input from the other countries that were affected.
The first global world war that led to the death of millions of people and the use of excessive chemical weapons, tanks, and machine guns that the world has ever witnessed is accused by Germany’s violent actions and their extreme ideologies, but some others argue Germany was not the sole cause of the war. In an attempt to dominate the world, Germany enforced their extreme ideologies to the rest of Europe. Many scholars believe that Germany fueled World War 1 because Germany believed that they should conquer the weak. Some people believe that Germany was the sole cause of World War because their extreme ideologies led them to declare war on other countries. Although Germany deliberately supported Austria to go to war with Serbia, supported the idea of Nationalism, and signed secret treaties, Russia also supported Serbia and signed secret treaties. Thus, Germany wasn’t the sole motive of World War 1.
... On 28 June, 1914, the assassination was successful and this was the action that triggered war. Austria-Hungary wanted revenge because their next ruler was killed so they declared war against Serbia. This is what caused the war. The Alliances ties in with these events as Austria-Hungary formed an alliance with Germany who also went to war with Serbia.
However, the alliances themselves didn’t cause the war; we must also consider the roles of the other factors, i.e. Germany, Balkans, economic and domestic problems and nationalism/aggressive policies. In the years leading up to the war, many alliances were made. Firstly, Austria and Germany formed the Dual Alliance in 1879; they promised each other neutrality, it was also an anti-Russian alliance. The alliance suggests that they were anticipating future problems, possibly with Russia.
After a Serbian was arrested for the assassination Austria-Hungary pulled out of the peace talks and declared war on Serbia. Germany who was allied with Austria-Hungary also declared war on Serbia. Russia who was allied with Serbia had to declare war on Germany and Austria-Hungary. When Germany invaded France and Belgium, Great Britain declared war on Germany. World War 1 had begun. As the German Chancellor, Bethmann-Hollweg said, “Once the dice are cast nothing can stop them.” Indeed once the dice were cast on World War 1 nothing stopped them until 22 million people had died.
The Germans view that the clause that destroys Germany's global power and economy is justified. However, the term was vital to prevent Germany from becoming a global power and danger to everyone. In conclusion, Germany had many complaints about the Treaty of Versailles. The. Most of the complaints made are justified such as the 'reparations' being ridiculously too much and 'war guilt clause' being too much.