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The cause and consequences of the Treaty of Versailles
Summary of 14 points by woodrow wilson
President Wilson's fourteen points summary
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Wilson's 14 Points vs. the Treaty of Versailles
When the peace processes were to start after the finishing of World War One, there were four people who were major components in the treaty of Paris: Clemenceau, George, Orlando, and Wilson. Clemenceau wanted revenge on the German's by punishing them through the treaties because he believed that they were at fault for the war; George was in agreement with Clemenceau although he did not feel that Germany should suffer severe punishment; Orlando who wanted the irredenta to be re-established; and President Wilson of the United States of America wanted to create a mild peace with Germany in a fair way. In view of this, Wilson created fourteen points that he wanted accomplished in full as a result of the peace treaties. His fourteen points were his plan for a world peace and included plans for the end of secret treaties, freedom of the seas, free trade, arms reduction, the just settlement of colonial claims, the establishment of a League of Nations, and the evacuation of occupied territories and national self-determination. Many of his points were carried out in the Treaty of Versailles, although not all of them were successful or followed completely.
Wilson's fourth point in his plan was the reduction of national armaments. He stated that there should be "adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments [would] be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety." In the Treaty of Versailles, it was stated that the German army was to be limited to 100,000 and that Germany was not allowed to draft its citizens or to have an air force. Also, Germany was no longer allowed to operate submarines because of the unrestricted submarine warfare that they had displayed during the war, and their naval ships were limited in size and in the amount that they were permitted to own. Furthermore, the Rhineland was to be permanently disarmed and occupied by the Allies for fifteen years to ensure that there would be no attacks against France that might start another war. In addition to this, it was stated that Germany would never be allowed to unite with Austria because they would form an incredibly strong fighting force. This resulted in much complaining by the Germans on the account that they believed they were being left without a military force significant enough to protect themselves. Also, the treaty did not require any of the other countries to perform even the slightest demilitarization.
On January 8, 1918 Wilson presented to Congress his speech The Fourteen Points. This was a plan for freedom and peace after the war (http://www.angelfire.com/in3/wilson/wilson.html). Without going into details of the entire Fourteen Points, a quote from u-s-history.com list the following:
"I sing of warfare and a man at war…Till he could found a city…the high walls of Rome." (Book I, 1-12) There can be no dispute that the Aeneid is an account of the history of Rome. There are several items which with Virgil links the story of Aeneas to the Rome of his time period. Probably the most obvious of these is the surplus of predictions concerning Rome’...
The Legislative Branch is headed by Congress, which includes the House and Senate. The primary task of the Legislative Branch is the creation and passing of laws. Typically, the Legislative Branch w...
The idea that one’s destiny is already determined is both comforting yet brings dismay because it leaves a feeling of powerlessness which is fine for the lazy but painful for the proactive. This idea is surely a failure among principles but even so the role of fate is not completely limited to these terms and ideas. Fate in the book was seen more as a mission that Aeneas had in life, and it would only happen on his obedience to his tasks. This type of belief that “actions determine fate” is actually quite healthy for a society to follow. During Aeneas’ journey there were several times that he faced difficult temptations that tested his obedience
The pent up emotions eventually led to the rise of the Nazi Party and Adolf Hitler, who were angered by their loss of territory, military restrictions, economic reparations, and the war guilt clause. The stipulations of the Versailles Treaty were aimed at bringing down Germany and making it as weak as possible. One of the solutions the the victors came up with was to take territory away from Germany, resulting in the country losing more than forty percent of its coal producing areas. They took away the Polish Corridor, parts of East Prussia, parts of Denmark, as well as Lorraine-Alsace (Doc A). Taking away the Polish Corridor put Germany in a difficult position, as it geographically split Germany into two pieces.
Both the Odyssey and the Aeneid represent their cultures very well, but they express different ideas on what one should strive for in life. There are also different forces that pushed both epics to be written. The Aeneid expresses the Roman idea of pietas which means to show extreme respect for one’s ancestors. We see this in Aeneas when he is pictured caring his father away from burning Troy. He has pietas because he cared so much for his father that in fleeing from Troy he took up his father over his shoulder to save his from certain death. This is not the only major idea in the Aeneid. There is also a very political focus. The Roman were very interested in politics which comes through in the Aeneid. The Odyssey has the Greek idea of arete trapped somewhere among the many themes. Arete is a strive for perfection in both mind and body. It is a much more personal and individual idea than the Roman pietas. In the most basic seance the Aeneid and the Romans have a much more political focus and duty to the state ( republic ) than the Greeks who honor tradition , family , and arete.
In this essay the author will rationalize the relevance of professional, ethical and legal regulations in the practice of nursing. The author will discuss and analyze the chosen scenario and critically review the action taken in the expense of the patient and the care workers. In addition, the author will also evaluates the strength and limitations of the scenario in a broader issue with reasonable judgement supported by theories and principles of ethical and legal standards.
Virgil was commissioned by Emperor Augustus Caesar to write an epic to glorify Rome and its
The 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of 1918, marks the day that WWI descended into armistice. However, the involved countries reached an agreement as to the events following the war on the 28th of June, 1919. The famous Treaty of Versailles was known for its role in ending war. But it was not known for being a double-edged sword, as the ending of war came with the consequence of causing future war. The Treaty consisted of uncontested biases due to Germany's unconditional surrender. The Allies held a gun to Germany's head, with their trigger finger tense. Each article of the Versailles Treaty only made Germany more restless, until 1933 when Hitler produced his own gun and pointed it at the Allies. The Treaty had a series of unproportional effects upon Germany and its people. It caused a rift between the two sides because of the alliances that it formed, brewing tension. The punishments enforced upon Germany were unrealistically huge and it increased the wish among the Germans for the nullification of the Treaty. Finally, the accumulated hatred amongst the people gave birth to potential for a revolution. The Treaty of Versailles is, therefore, an indirect cause to World War II, because of the alliances it caused, the punishments it enforced, and the hatred it developed.
... between Aeneas and the Homeric heroes, given an account of the historical and mythological background of Rome and demonstrated that the Roman way of life is necessarily more structured and community oriented than the Homeric Greek way of life. Virgil wrote The Aeneid as an ode to the greatness of Rome, we could imagine that as he wrote it he was in constant competition with Homer because The Aeneid was a proclamation of greatness for the Romans as the Homeric epics were for the Greeks. But Virgil took advantage of the flaws that the Homeric Heroes had and gave the corresponding virtues to Aeneas thus ensuring Aeneas' superiority and consequently Rome's superiority.
Eastern Rome contributed the mass majority of works of literature. Virgil, a well known Roman poet, gave the world his epic: The Aeneid. The Aeneid is about a traveler who sails for Italy but is destined to end up in Rome. As Aeneas, the traveler, and his crew near Rome, a storm throws them off and they end up in Carthage. Aeneas tells the story of his journey to the queen of Carthage. Ovid wrote Metamorphoses. This story is about Ovid asking the Gods to help him come up with an idea for his work. Ovid writes about the creation of the world and goes on into present day. Ovid also describes the birth of the world. Publius Cornelius Tacitus wrote the Germania, which is a historical work on the Germanic tribes outside the Roman Empire. Julius
“Just as emotions provide valuable information to the self, emotional expressions provide information to observers, which may influence their cognitions, attitudes, and behavior” (Van Kleef, Heerdink, and Van Den Berg, p. 2, 2014). A positive feature of attitudes is that they are subject to change over time. According to Van Kleef, Heerdink, and Van Den Berg (p. 2), “We define attitudes as temporary evaluations that are constructed based on a combination of stored representations of an attitude object and information that is currently at hand. This working definition explicitly allows for changes in attitudes over time while acknowledging that certain attitudes have a relatively stable basis in a person’s memory system” (2014). This conceptual definition of attitudes and attitude change is that though attitudes can change based on new information or a different emotional reaction, they can also stay the same or relatively similar to their primary state. Overall, the information that individuals perceive through emotions can influence their attitudes, which can then alter their attitudes towards certain
In the case Lunsford v. Board of Nurse Examiners, the nurse had an unprofessional conduct by violating a duty to her patient leaving the patient unattended and at risk of complications (BON, 2013a). Lunsford, as a professional nurse had the responsibility to assess the patient’s medical status and treat the patient within her scope of practice taking the appropriate measurements to prevent the worse, regardless of the doctor’s orders of sending the patient to another facility. “The Board of Nurse Examiners in Texas suspended the nurse’s license to practice after the Board found that the nurse’s conduct was unprofessional and dishonorable conduct likely to injure the public” (Wolf, 1986, p. 222). Nurse Lunsford fail to take the patient’s vital signs, and did not implement the nursing interventions required to stabilize the patient’s condition or to prevent complications. Her conduct is considered an “unprofessional conduct,” which is any act, practice, or administration that does not conform the accepted standards of nursing practice. Also, this case is a clear example of the nurse responsibility and accountability to act independently regardless of the physician’s order when this order is not safe for the patient. If the nurse has any objections about an order, the nurse has the obligation to question the physician. By no doing so, the nurse violates the nurse-patient relationship and put at risk the patient’s safety. In a situation, in which a physician’s order put the patient at risk, the nurse has the obligation to exert her professional judgement and withdraw from rendering services ordered by the physician (Wolf, 1986, p.
The Prince has long rested on his description of the tactics by which political power can be seized and maintained without regard for moral ends. Hence Machiavelli has long endured a lasting reputation as the philosopher-king of political manipulation. Despite his somewhat questionable image The Prince had a great influence that would endure through the years. Machiavelli incorporated, built upon, and ultimately transformed earlier writers works into a piece fit for his time period of shifting powers ultimately emphasizing pragmatism in ruling. He engaged many of the themes of classical and Renaissance political thought and incorporated Florentine political debate. (Hornqvist) He did more than redefine a theoretical way in which people discussed politics. Machiavelli provided a work that directly engaged his political era ripe with practical advice.
...und the fighting circle before finally killing him. These similarities further show how The Aeneid is written to The Iliad. Finally, The Iliad deals with the events leading to, but not including, the fall of Troy. The Aeneid deals with the events leading to, but not including, the rise of Rome and the fall of Greece. Therefore, The Aeneid is written to The Iliad.