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War and post traumatic stress disorder
Psychological effects of war on soldiers
Psychological effects of war on soldiers
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Introduction
In Emmanuel Jal’s, War Child, the author talks about the beginning of his life as a child soldier; he speaks of the excitement and how it was one of the best things that happened to him since he was with his mother and family. Through warfare, it taught Jal to become more like a man and not to cry like a fragile woman; he says “I did not want to feel sad and cry each day as I ached for [my mother and siblings]” (62). He was determined to be mentally and physically strong to survive. This dialogic paper about children and their involvement in violence offers two opposing arguments and a higher solution to the arguments: first, raising children in a bad environment will make them hateful and unable to become healthy and happy people, second, that raising children in a harsh environment will cause them to become strong people who defend themselves and are strong-willed, and third, raising children with discipline would help them learn the right ways connecting with other people, instead of being extremely hateful towards or afraid of other people.
Summary
The story starts off with Jal thinking to himself before his big show and what his mother has told him when he was little: that they would once survive all that had happened to them and come to America. Throughout the book, Jal talks about his hardships from the war between the two religious groups and from his family life. That all changed one day when, his father who was barely there for him surprisingly takes him away and tells him that he’ll go to school for the good of his country. However, Jal learns that it was all a lie, going to school and the dream of flying a nyanking. With his experience of being a child soldier, he talks about warfare that he has been thr...
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...-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers." The Lancet 363.9412 (2004): 861-63. PDF file.
Ensor, Marisa O. Child Soldiers and Youth Citizens in South Sudan’s Armed Conflict. 2012. 282, E-book.
Felton, John. "Child Soldiers." CQ Global Researcher 2.7 (2008): 187-211. CQ Researcher Online. Web. 2 Apr. 2014.
Jal, Emmanuel. War Child: A Child Soldier's Story. New York: St. Martin's, 2009. Print.
Moscardino, Ughetta, Sara Scrinmin, Francesca Cadei and Gianmarco Altoè. Mental Health among Former Child Soldiers and Never-Abducted Children in Northern Uganda. 2012. E-book.
Wessells, Michael G. Child Soldiers: From Violence to Protection. N.p.: Harvard UP, 2009. Print.
Williams, Richard. "The Psychosocial Consequences for Children of Mass Violence, Terrorism And Disasters." International Review of Psychiatry 19.3 (2007): 263-277. EBSCO MegaFILE. Web. 25 Feb. 2014.
Chaim Shapiro was born in Lomza, Poland. On September 1st, 1939, the Germans invade Poland, quickly annihilating many of the people, including his younger brother Nosson. Soon after the Soviet Union signs a treaty the Germans, giving over Poland to them. Out of fear that he would lose his religion under atheist communist rulership, his mother pleads with him to leave, saying the fateful words “Go My Son.” He leaves war-torn Poland for Vilna, Lithuania, joining with the rest of the Kamenetz Yeshiva. Because of the frequent casualties of war people were forced to move from place to place for safety, because of which he eventually finds himself alone on a train bound Moscow, deep within the Soviet Union. Upon arrival he is sent to work repairing tractors in a small backward village called Karobka, in the Booyan region.
In the book “There Are No Children Here” by Alex Kotlowitz, the author followed the lives of two young brothers (Lafayette and Pharoah) while they grew up in the harsh streets of Chicago in the late 1980’s. The author uses the story of the two boys’ lives to discuss the social divide in our very own society and to persuade readers that there is a major problem in “the projects” of the United States.
Rothe, Eugenio M. "A Psychotherapy Model For Treating Refugee Children Caught In The Midst Of Catastrophic Situations." Journal Of The American Academy Of Psychoanalysis & Dynamic Psychiatry 36.4 (2008): 625-642. Academic Search Premier. Web. 2 May 2014.
The lack of parenting during the civil war in Sierra Leone is a major cause that leads to the use of child soldiers during the war. The outbreak of the war in Sierra Leone caused everyone to run for their lives, leaving behind loved ones. Due to the sudden outbreak, many children were split apart from their parents leaving them abandoned. Wen the war began “fathers had come running from their workplaces, only to stand in front of their empty houses with no indication of where their families had gone. Mothers wept as they ran towards schools, rivers and water taps to look for their children. Children ran home to look for their parents who were wandering the streets in search of them. As the gunfire intensified, people gave up looking for their loved ones and ran out of town” (Beah 9). Ishmael realizes that he will be alone without his family and begins to feel as if a part of his is lost. As for the separation of families, the children in Sierra Leone were forced to make their own sensible decisions in order to stay alive during that time. Young children who lost their families were brainwashed into believing that fighting in the war was the right thing to do. Correspondingly, the lack of parenting during this difficult...
“Child Soldiers Global Report 2001- Sierra Leone.” refworld. Child Soldiers International, 2001. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
Naeem Murr's novel, The Boy, is a story about a boy that is put into foster homes all of his life. This boy is exposed to all different kinds of influences that affects his life in a negative way. These are the things that cause the argument in the story; is the boy evil or not?
Since the end of the Cold War, the recruitment of child soldiers has been recognized as an increasingly global phenomenon. Although the majority of the relatively recent child soldier recruitment cases have developed from armed conflicts in Africa, by the beginning of the new millennium the trend increased globally, appearing on nearly every continent, including Asia, Europe and the Americas. The prevalence of this practice has turned it into a much talked about international issue. The aim of this paper is to look at how this issue is influenced and even aggravated by globalization. More specifically, it will be argued that globalization, expressed through the existence of international organizations, such as the United Nations, have been ineffective in putting a stop to child soldiery and that globalization, defined by the interconnectedness of world economies has lead to underdevelopment and therefore exasperated conflict and as a result child soldiery.
In order to understand the effects that come with being a child soldier, one must first understand how a child ends up in such a position. To three teenage boys living in a small Indian village, the hope of a better life for themselves and their families as well as the affirmation of employment seemed promising. So pr...
War has always been something to be dreaded by people since nothing good comes from it. War affects people of all ages, cultures, races and religion. It brings change, destruction and death and these affect people to great extents. “Every day as a result of war and conflict thousands of civilians are killed, and more than half of these victims are children” (Graca & Salgado, 81). War is hard on each and every affected person, but the most affected are the children.
Child soldier is a worldwide issue, but it became most critical in the Africa. Child soldiers are any children under the age of 18 who are recruited by some rebel groups and used as fighters, cooks, messengers, human shields and suicide bombers, some of them even under the aged 10 when they are forced to serve. Physically vulnerable and easily intimidated, children typically make obedient soldiers. Most of them are abducted or recruited by force, and often compelled to follow orders under threat of death. As society breaks down during conflict, leaving children no access to school, driving them from their homes, or separating them from family members, many children feel that rebel groups become their best chance for survival. Others seek escape from poverty or join military forces to avenge family members who have been killed by the war. Sometimes they even forced to commit atrocities against their own family (britjob p 4 ). The horrible and tragic fate of many unfortunate children is set on path of war murders and suffering, more nations should help to prevent these tragedies and to help stop the suffering of these poor, unfortunate an innocent children.
Though the use of child soldiers is a global concern, the highest numbers have been reported mainly in Africa and Asi...
The social problem we have chosen to address is the mental health status of refugees. Refugees are exposed to a significant amount of trauma due to fear, war, persecution, torture, and relocating. The mental health illnesses that can affect refugees due to exposure to traumas include post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. Research indicated that refugees relocating from war-torn countries are particularly vulnerable to mental health concerns because many have experienced early traumas and face further post-traumas after relocation (Cummings, et al., 2011). However, despite the prevalence of mental health issues concerning refugees, mental health needs often go unrecognized and untreated.
Millions of people each year flee their country in order to escape persecution and conflict, seeking asylum as a refugee (Amnesty International Australia 2011). Many refugees present with and develop mental illness due to having experienced or witnessing events such as rape, torture, war, imprisonment, murder, physical injury and genocide, before fleeing their homes (Nicholl & Thompson 2004). Refugees are now accessing mental health services for the treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) defined by DSM-IV-TR is “characterised by the re-experiencing of an extremely traumatic event accompanied by symptoms of increased arousal and by avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma” (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2000). There are many impacts and effects this disorder has on refugees requiring treatment, interventions, education and a need for understanding the individuals’ cultural sensitivities.
Wells, Karen C.. "Children and youth at war." Childhood in a global perspective. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2009. 152. Print.
Williams, R. (2007). The psychosocial consequences for children of mass violence, terrorism and disasters. International Review Of Psychiatry, 19(3), 263-277.