Oxygen consumption is one of the key factors in determining an individual’s cardiovascular condition. This factor is more commonly referred to as VO2 max (Meyers & Shuman, 2014). The VO2 max of an individual will depend on their specific level of training and this variable will change with different workloads. However, VO2 max testing isn’t always suitable for every individual and therefore submaximal oxygen consumption tests were designed to approximate the VO2 max (Meyers & Shuman, 2014). A few justifications to use submaximal oxygen consumption tests rather than the VO2 max tests are for individuals with heart problems, geriatric populations, and pregnancy or when assessing large populations. Since the submaximal test is designed for individual’s …show more content…
This test was performed on a 31-year-old untrained female. The subject was 31 weeks pregnant at the time the test was performed. This subject will be referred to as subject one for the remainder of this report. Subject one’s height was measured using a stadiometer and her weight was measured using a tenita scale. Her height was reported to be 163.3 cm and her weight was reported to be 96 kg. Subject one was then placed on the cycle ergometer and the seat height was adjusted. Her knee flexion was measured using a goniometer and was 20° flexed. Subject one reported her resting heart rate to be 100 beats per minute (bpm) and her resting blood pressure to be 120/80 mmHg. These values of resting heart rate and resting blood pressure were given by subject one and not measured. Subject one was instructed to begin a 4-minute warm-up, pedaling at approximately 50 revolutions per minute (rpm) with no resistance. Following the warm-up, the 6-minute exercise phase began and subject one was instructed to maintain a 50 rpm pedaling rate for the duration of the test. Based on the training level reported by subject one resistance was set using a weight of 1 kilopond. The heart rate was reported by the first technician and was instructed to report heart rate during the last 15 seconds of every minute by the second technician. The heart rate was then multiplied by 4 to result in an overall heart rate of beats per minute. These values can …show more content…
This test was performed on a 22-year-old trained male. This subject will be referred to as subject two for the remainder of this report. Subject two’s height was measured using a stadiometer and his weight was measured using a tenita scale. His height was reported to be 188 cm and his weight was reported to be 105.7 kg. Subject two was then placed on the cycle ergometer and the seat height was adjusted. His knee flexion was measured using a goniometer and was 15° flexed. The subject’s resting heart rate was measured and found to be 76 bpm and his resting blood pressure was measured and found to be 115/70 mmHg. Subject two was instructed to begin a 4-minute warm-up, pedaling at approximately 50 rpm with no resistance. Following the warm-up, the exercise phase began. Based on the training level reported by subject two, resistance was set using the YMCA Test Guidelines for Setting Workloads on the Cycle Ergometer for the duration of the test. The first workload was set at 1 kilopond. A different technician, reported heart rate on subject two than who reported heart rate on subject one in the Astrand-Rhyming test. This technician was instructed to report heart rate during the last 30 seconds of the second and third minute by a separate technician. The heart rate was then multiplied by 2 to result in an overall heart rate of beats per minute. A different technician reported blood pressure on subject two than who
Another weakness in the experimental design was that the reliability of the experiment was very low. As each test subject was only tested against each amount of prior exercise once, the impact of random errors is likely very large, which can be seen by the spread of the data on the graph. Although, this was attempted to be rectified by averaging the results of all four test subjects, it does not improve reliability too much. Conclusion: The results of this investigation indicated that a relationship between the amount of prior exercise and muscle fatigue does exist, however the results are also not conclusive enough to speculate on what the relationship is. This means that the hypothesis “If the amount of time spent performing vigorous exercise prior to the set of repetitions increases, then the physical performance (number of repetitions) will decrease” cannot be supported or rejected due to the inconclusive data.
Submaximal and maximal exercise testing are two analytic methods that can be used to examine the cardiovascular, and cardiorespiratory fitness/health levels of the individual being examined. Submaximal testing is usually preferred over maximal mainly because the submaximal exam is more practical in a fitness/health environment. Both test require the individual being examined to perform controlled exercise on a(n) treadmill/ergometer until either steady state has consecutively been reached (submax), or the individual reaches their max (close to it). Being that both test are set to exceed time limits of more than 3 minutes we examine the use of the ATP-PC, Glycolytic, and Oxidative energy systems. Although a huge portion of the test involves the use of the oxidative energy system, we must remember that the three systems are co-occurrent.
In a similar study, researchers determined VO2 max using four different methods of treadmill running, cycle ergometer, step test and prediction2. The results found that the treadmill had the highest VO2 max followed by the ergometer, and the step test and prediction were the lowest2. This supports the findings of our experiment, showing that VO2 max will be higher2 depending the tests mode of exercise and how trained the subject is in that exercise.
Ascertaining the adequacy of gaseous exchange is the major purpose of the respiratory assessment. The components of respiratory assessment comprises of rate, rhythm, quality of breathing, degree of effort, cough, skin colour, deformities and mental status (Moore, 2007). RR is a primary indicator among other components that assists health professionals to record the baseline findings of current ventilatory functions and to identify physiological respiratory deterioration. For instance, increased RR (tachypnoea) and tidal volume indicate the body’s attempt to correct hypoxaemia and hypercapnia (Cretikos, Bellomo, Hillman, Chen, Finfer, & Flabouris, 2008). The inclusive use of a respiratory assessment on a patient could lead to numerous potential benefits. Firstly, initial findings of respiratory assessment reveals baseline data of patient’s respiratory functions. Secondly, if the patient is on respiratory medication such as salbutamol and ipratropium bromide, the respiratory assessment enables nurses to measure the effectiveness of medications and patient’s compliance towards those medications (Cretikos, Bellomo, Hillman, Chen, Finfer, & Flabouris, 2008). Thirdly, it facilitates early identification of respiratory complications and it has the potential to reduce the risk of significant clinical
This lab experiment was conducted in a Texas Woman’s University exercise physiology lab room, on September 20, 2013. It consisted of two main participants: A trained participant (Male; 30 years old; 72 in. tall; 82.9 kg) and an untrained participant (Female; 20 years old; 65 in. tall; 75 kg). They were selected by my Prof. April Hartman to participate because they were best qualified to conduct the study in our class. Both participants were assigned to carry out the same experimental task. The Bruce Protocol (graded test) on a treadmill (mode of exercise) was used to conduct the VO2max test. The materials needed were: 1 metabolic cart (with computers); 2 mouthpieces; 1 nose clip; 1 treadmill; 1 RPE scale; 1 timer; pen; paper; and a HR monitor.
Methods: The participants of this study took part in the Step Test which is a form of cardiovascular exercise (Kusinitz and Fine 1995). The Step Test involved the individuals stepping up and down the low step platform for a consecutive three minutes.
... uptake during submaximal exercise but did increase heart rate and the rate-pressure product at rest and during both exercise and recovery’.
At the end of the experiment, the 2 trials of data from 7 other groups were accumulated, resulting in 16 trials in total. Paired t-test was used to compare the control and the experimental groups. However, during the analysis, raw data with positive slopes were excluded because oxygen consumption can only be expressed in negative values. Therefore, only 15 trials of data were analyzed. Results
In the above graph I have plotted the Pre Training %Vo2 Max compares to Lactate. At about the 75%-80% of the %Vo2 Max is when the subject started to accumulate lactate.
The physician’s notes indicated a temperature of 98 degrees F, an elevated heart rate and respiratory rate, and low blood pressure. When the amount of oxygen available for the heart is low, it puts pressure on the heart and causes the heart rates to increase. To compensate for the low amount of oxygen the respiratory rate also increases to enable the intake of more oxygen that is be available for the body.
Before commencing, a pre-exercise screening was administered to provide a background on the client’s activity history and any health conditions that may need to be addressed. No major health concerns were reported, blood pressure was taken but was within the healthy range (118/76) and resting heart rate was 64 bpm. Exercise habits were jogging 2-3 days per week for 60 minutes.
The Queens College/McArdle Step Test, the Rockport One Mile Walk Test, and the 1.5 Mile Run Test are three different field tests that were performed in this lab that were used to measure and predict an individual’s aerobic capacity. The measurement of aerobic capacity, or VO2 max, is a valid way to assess an individual’s cardiorespiratory fitness level. VO2 max refers to the maximal amount of oxygen an individual utilizes during intensive exercise. A higher VO2 max demonstrates a more efficient cardiorespiratory system as an individual with a higher VO2 max can sustain a higher intensity for a longer
AIM: - the aim of this experiment is to find out what the effects of exercise are on the heart rate. And to record these results in various formats. VARIABLES: - * Type of exercise * Duration of exercise * Intensity of exercise * Stage of respiration
D. standing near her room, breathing sharply. While asked what has just happened, she answered, ‘I feel dizzy and can faint!’ Mrs. D. then explained that she rose up from her chair in the television room and felt lightheaded. I decided to bring her to the room hoping she would feel less dizziness if she could sit. After consultation with my mentor and third year unit nursing student, I decided to perform measurement of her vital signs. Since only electronic sphygmomanometer was available for me that time, I had to use it for my procedure. Gladly, I discovered that I have already used such equipment in my previous nursing practice. Using the standard sized calf, I found that her blood pressure was 135/85, respirations were 16, and her pulse was 96 beats per minute (bpm). However, I decided to recheck the pulse manually, founding that it was irregular (78 bpm). The patient stated that she felt better after rest. Immediately after the incident I made a decision to explore carefully the medical chart of Mrs. D., along with her nursing care plan. That helped me to discover multiple medical diagnoses influencing her
The participants had first been given a heart-monitoring watch, the Polar Electro RS 100 watches, and had their heart rates recorded in their regular clothes. Strength was measured, while participants were in regular clothes, using a leg dynamometer called the Takei A5402, which measured the maximum force exerted while each participant pulled up a 40-cm iron chain. These measurements were taken again after each member in a pair was assigned a color, and then the fight rules were explained: each member was to hit the other in the chest as many times as possible while avoiding being hit using giant American-Gladiator-style “smash sticks” in a three-meter by three-meter fighting area. The 30-second fight was recorded and presented in black-and-white to independent judges who could judge the success of each of the fighters and assign points based off the number of hits they got on their opponents. The pulse-watches recorded the heart rates immediately after the fight and then two minutes after when the participants had completed a questionnaire. This questionnaire included the Rate of Perceived Exertion Scale, with