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The Odyssey compared to the Aeneid
The Odyssey compared to the Aeneid
The Odyssey compared to the Aeneid
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The Virgilis Aeneid and the Odyssey are ancient poems. The first thing to keep in mind is that the two epics are written from two opposing points of view: the victorious Greeks (for Homer) and the defeated Trojans (Virgil) who are destined to become united. The Virgilis Aeneid follows a legend of the Aeneas from the impeding last days of Troy to the Aenaes’ Victory. It also reflects on the synthesis of the Trojans and the Latinos to be united. On the other hand, the Odyssey talks of the Greek respected hero Odysseus and the long journey to his home with the impeding collapse of Troy. As a result, this paper bit by bit tries to compare and contrast various aspects of the two poems. More evident is the use of book six of the Aeneid and Book eleven of the Odyssey.
The Book six of the Aeneid is one of the most interesting passages of this poem. Finally the Trojan sets foot at the shore in Italy. In respect of her father’s commands Aeneid decides to go the temple of Apollo. It is within these confines that he is introduced to a priestess called Sibyl. Apparently the priestess warns them of awaiting trials likely to be faced in Italy. These passages in the poem contributed largely to the profession of Virgilis to the status of an Adored Christian prophet of the middle ages.
In the fourteenth century a renowned Italian rhymester or poet called Dante emerged. He used this book six as a journey through hell in the poem inferno. In the same technique as Virgilis, Dante was able to come up with different designs of hell in which greater and severe punishment and sentences were beheld on those individuals who committed greater seasons. In this passage it is evident that Dante exercised his imagination and invention to come up with stri...
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...nly, these creatures are living out of their own punishments and misery merely for their own benefit. Even if seen by Odysseus, they are portrayed as not being as distinctive the way that Virgil's figures are. In the Virgilian Hades, by comparison, the tormented souls turn out to be more disgraceful by their revelation to the public. In this regard the punishment is not taken as an individual trial but also as a public warning to others with the same intentions. In conclusion the depiction of the Underworld portrayed by Virgil has possessing a lot of virtues of a nightmare portray a sentiment of inevitability and fatalism in the torments described.
Bibliography
Reiu, D. Introduction to the Odyssey. New York. Penguin, 2003
Maronis, P. Vergili. Mynors, (ed), Opera, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1969
Dante’s Inferno is an unparalleled piece of literature where Dante creates, experiences, and explains hell. He organizes it into four different sections, inconvenience, violence, simple fraud, and treachery. These sections are further divided into ten different circles of hell, which are the Neutrals, Limbo, Lust, Gluttony, Avarice and Prodigality, Anger and Sullenness, Heresy, Violence, the Ten Malebolge, and the Frozen Floor of Hell. King Minos passes judgement on each of the people who enter hell, and he then sends them to their designated circle. The organization of Dante’s four sections, his ten circles, and the judgement from King Minos all display forms of cultural bias. This paper will demonstrate possible differences by providing an
Imagine you were a well- recognized noble; you had everything you could ever possibly want. Then imagine sudden defeat. You are no longer a noble, but a fugitive. There seems to be no victory in the future, and you have lost all hope. Right when everything seemed lost, you overcame obstacles and were finally back on top. Anthony Esolen gave a simple statement on how astonishing the losses of Aeneas really were. “Virgil laments the terrible loss upon which the nation [of Rome] was built” (Esolen 1). In his critical review of Robert Fagle’s translation of the Aeneid, Anthony Esolen describes how Virgil shows how sad the countless defeats of the Trojans really were.
In Virgil’s The Aeneid, there are many parallels found in Homer’s The Odyssey. In each epic, the heroes, Aeneas and Odysseus, are on a journey “home.” Aeneas is on the search of a new home for he and his companions to settle since Troy has been destroyed, Odysseus on the other hand is attempting to return to his home he left years earlier to fight the Trojan War. They both have Gods against them and helping them, both Aeneas and Odysseus are both held back by women, both voluntary and involuntarily, and they both have experiences visiting the Underworld. Despite these similarities, there are differences between the two characters and it reflects their values and the society they live in. Aeneas relies on his strength as a warrior, where as Odysseus uses his deception to survive which reflects how Aeneas is truly Roman is versus Greek.
Two of the most influential books of ancient Roman and Grecian culture are the Odyssey and the Aeneid. The Odyssey is centered on the Greek hero Odysseus. It portrays Odysseus’ journey back home and the endeavors he has to go through. The Aeneid depicts the Roman hero Aeneas as he is sent on a journey to start the great Roman Empire. The books both have many similarities between them especially due to the fact that Virgil, the author of the Aeneid, was heavily influenced by Homer’s Odyssey. But like with any good story they are both unique in their own way. One of the major differences is in the setting. Some of the differences are in the choices that they make while some of the differences are even in the characters themselves. But the parts of the stories that have influenced much of modern day literature are the instances where the protagonists have to make a visit to the underworld. Virgil and Homer wanted to emphasize the underworld so much that they each dedicated an entire chapter in their epics to the underworld. But each underworld is blatantly different thus giving each hero a distinctly different journey to the underworld. Three of the main differences in their underworld journeys are their purpose for being there, visuals in the underworld, and the underworld itself.
During their reading of the Iliad and the Aeneid, scores of readers only see the two great poets commenting on the nature of war and destruction. What countless do not see, however, are there passionate outcries on behalf of the tragic heroes and humanity itself. The author of the Iliad, Homer, has been theorized by some to be a collection of writers working in collaboration. Nevertheless, this author had an immeasurable effect on ancient Greek culture. The Aeneid was written by Virgil, who was born in 70 BCE and had two other works in addition to his epic masterpiece. Through their use of tragic heroes in The Iliad and The Aeneid, Virgil and Homer comment on humanity’s flaws, the oftentimes seemingly hopeless future and the courage necessary to face it, and the outcome of a tragic hero’s journey and its effects on others. This serves the purpose of illustrating that tragic heroes are perfect representatives of humanity as a whole because of what they experience in their lives.
Homer and Hesiod were well-known epic poets that gave contribution to their culture by writing poetry on the different aspects and views of the Greek world. Homer’s long narrative poems dealt a lot with heroes at war, gods and goddesses involved with humans while Hesiod’s poetry is shorter, having little to do with heroes, and presents the importance of work and morality. Although the two poets have their own unique writing style, there are many differences and similarities in The Odyssey, Works and Days, and Iliad about beliefs in religion, description of women, and function of war.
Dante’s Inferno presents the reader with many questions and thought provoking dialogue to interpret. These crossroads provide points of contemplation and thought. Dante’s graphic depiction of hell and its eternal punishment is filled with imagery and allegorical meanings. Examining one of these cruxes of why there is a rift in the pits of hell, can lead the reader to interpret why Dante used the language he did to relate the Idea of a Just and perfect punishment by God.
Virgil and Dante In the note to Canto V regarding Francesca and Paulo, the Hollanders exclaim that “Sympathy for the damned, in the Inferno, is nearly always and nearly certainly the sign of a wavering moral disposition” (112). Indeed, many of the touching, emotional, or indignation rousing tales told by the souls in Hell can evoke pity, but in the telling of the tales, it is always possible to derive the reasons for the damned souls’ placement in Hell. However, there is a knee-jerk reaction to separate Virgil and, arguably, some of the other souls in limbo from this group of the damned, though, with careful perusal of the text, the thoughtful reader can discern the machinations behind their damnation.
Christine Perkell’s “Irony in the Underworlds of Dante and Virgil: Readings of Francesca and Palinurus” (1-17), compares the underworlds from The Aeneid and The Inferno, focusing on the behaviour and rhetoric of the shades, and measuring Dante’s Christian irony to Virgil’s pagan irony (Pg. 1). Kleiner focuses on the geographical distribution of Hell, while Perkell focuses less on the landscape and more on the personal encounters the two heroes undergo with those that live in hell, and the underworld. Despite Hell and the underworld sharing some similar traits, the Inferno has a larger emphasis and focus on punishment.
The Odyssey, written by Homer, is about a Greek epic hero named Odysseus. The reader finds out that Odysseus left his wife, son, and country of Ithaca twenty years ago to go fight in the Trojan war. After the war was over, Odysseus yearned to reunite with his family. This was made very difficult after Odysseus blinded a Cyclops. The problem was that this wasn't a normal Cyclops, this was Poseidon's son. This ultimately lead to Poseidon making Odysseus's journey home very difficult. Ultimately, being the great hero that Odysseus is he was able to overcome the wrath of Poseidon and made it home to his family. The Aeneid, written by Virgil, is about an epic who also fought in the Trojan war. This poem starts out in troy, where the reader finds
Virgil’s Aeneid adopts Homeric material by combining both Homeric themes to create a double theme and by following a similar plot found in both the Iliad and the Odyssey. Virgil has also in a way adapted Homeric material by having Aeneas embark on a journey similar to Odysseus’ but different in its own way. As well as, through the utilization of fate and destiny that play a vital role in Aeneas’ journey. However, Virgil has the upper hand in his writing of the Aeneid because he was literate, along with the fact that he was capable of reading both Homeric poems rather than listening to them as was done in the past. This allowed Virgil to study both poems in depth and develop his character, Aeneas, in a new and profound way.
Raffa explores how Inferno recorded how Christian theology has evolved by use of classical mythology, contemporary and historical figures, and poetic justice. Dante successfully integrates these distinct components into a single poem and changes the manner in which the West perceived life after death and the purgatory in particular. The Inferno focuses on the identities and the scenes of what Dante meets in hell in detail so as to illustrate how the horrifyingly hell is. This perception of hell has persisted to this day. The first example is how their walls of Dis between the fifth and sixth circles, that are guarded by the fallen angels and how the Prodigal and the Avaricious are punished in the fourth circle (Raffa 39). The focus on Dante’s journey shifts the focus of the narrative to the reader. This is achieved by the use of a first-person narrator (Dante). In as much as the events surrounding the creation of his works, his exile from the town Florence, the diminishing of his political influence, and his death shortly upon the completion of his monumental works are devastating, they all positively influence Dante Alighieri’s works by adding passion and personality felt up to this date. The feelings elicited by Inferno range from fascination to revulsion among the readers and have been the case for about a
“The Odyssey” is an epic poem that tells the story of Odysseus and the story of his many travels and adventures. The Odyssey tells the main character’s tale of his journey home to the island of Ithaca after spending ten years fighting in the Trojan War, and his adventures when he returns home and he is reunited with his family and close friends. This literary analysis will examine the story and its characters, relationships, major events, symbols and motifs, and literary devices.
In The Divine Comedy: Hell, usage of imagery depicts hell as a gloomy, terrifying city constructed with medieval architecture and a high population. In Limbo, some of the most important biblical and literary characters come to life - representing figures that Dante admires. As Dante allegorically explores the Christian soul’s view of sin and poetic justice in the afterlife, he is introduced to Virgil’s fellow residents. Virgil lives among great philosophers like Aristotle, and great poets like Homer in the first circle of hell, and facilitates Dante’s experiences with such characters. Dante
Dante Alighieri, known as the father of the Italian language or il Poeta, wrote The Divine Comedy which is an epic poem cut into three sections that blends traditional Catholic belief with fanciful poetic invention. Book I: Inferno discusses the protagonist Dante the Pilgrim’s journey through Hell from Good Friday to Easter Sunday and Canto XXI deals with the Eighth Circle of Hell, the Malebolge or evil pockets, which are divided into ten Bolige. In this essay, I will walk through Canto XXI noting the poetic devices, integrated Catholic traditions, masterful incorporation of humor, the philosophical theme of faith over reason, Virgil’s misguided attempts at bravado towards Malacoda in contrast to Dante’s hesitance, and