Utilitarianism Vs. Social Contract

Utilitarianism vs. Social Contract Between Utilitarianism and Social contract, current people wonder which one has more concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior and the goodness or badness of human character. For this essay I am going to introduce and explain the utilitarianism by John Stuart Mill and the social contract by Thomas Hobbes. And then I am going to compare each other, and which one is a better moral theory. John Stuart Mill (1806-1873), who was as known as the most influential English-speaking philosopher of the 19th century, he was a British philosopher, economist, and moral and political theorist. His works include books and essays covering logic, epistemology, economics, social and political philosophy, ethics,

One way is that your actions should benefit most amount of people, in another words is that the balance of happiness must be more then the unhappiness. For example, there are two group of people, the first group, there are two people who are happy and zero people who is unhappy, second group has fifty people who are happy and forty-nine people who are unhappy. Then the first group wins because in total, the first group has two people who are happy, but the second group only has one person who is happy. And another way is that we must always choose the action that will bring about the most amount of happiness. [3]

So to summarize the whole thing is that our fundamental moral duty is to make the world a better place for everyone. An action is moral depending on its results. All of the results of your action are important, not only the short term ones, which are the different between expected results and actual results. And when you fail to the maximum well-being you become immoral. [4]

There are also the advantages of Utilitarianism. There is impartiality that everyone’s well-being is equally important; the ability to explain common moral rules, which is to volunteering or giving gifts; the moral conflict resolution, it is the same as moral flexibility; and the scope of moral society, but not include babies.

And the moral rules that are rules of the society, started as a politicked theory [7]. Social contract is the moral rules, and the moral rules are the rules are the rules of the society. It started as a politicked theory, which is the law to moral theory, which is the ethics. It means that a law justice. And from Plato’s Republic, the moral action is an action is moral if and only if an action is permitted by laws that all equal, rational, free people agree to follow, provide that everyone else follows them. Social contract is from the nature of human to basic instinct and to kill and to sacrificing some freedom to exchange security.