Urban Inequality Case Study

In recent decades, urbanisation has been accelerating in the Global South, where is also the scale that the main population growth of the world is predicted to take place within (Patrick and Peter, 2010). Indeed, urbanisation has raised the average living standard and given a better prospect of the future development, and it has brought much benefit and convenience to the residence in many aspects as well. However, urban inequalities due to the unequal distribution of resources and facilities are becoming more obvious in the process of urbanisation in the Global South, and people from different categories are facing assorted situations in employment, social welfares and gaining access to advanced facilities. Among all the issues involving inequalities,

Although male and female seem to face similar situations in getting access to health treatment, female seem to have more disadvantages in many potential aspects. Due to gendered physical fitness, female are more likely to be exposed diseases and infections, such as parasitization, viral infection, and genetic diseases; in addition, they are more vulnerable to other negative impact on health, including poor food safety, polluted water, accidents, natural disasters and other physical damage (Racheal et al, 1997). Moreover, women are supposed to undertake reproduction of a family, therefore, their reproductive health conditions are often worse than male, since a full reproductive process includes sex activities, family planning, pregnancy, postpartum nursing, and child raising (National Research Council, 2003). Throughout this process, there is much chance for female to get injured both physically and psychologically. First of all, female are more easily to get abused from sexual violence both in and out of marital relationships. They may experience violent oppression in sexual activities, and have to accept pregnancy under compulsory circumstances and family pressure. Second, female may suffer from depression, anxiety and other kinds of mental disorder before and after they give birth. Third, lack of appropriate postpartum nursing may leave female with severe sequelae and damage, especially in areas with poor medical conditions, and in families where there is a urgent demand for puerperal women to get back to daily work as soon as